The Diocese of Padua (; ) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in Veneto, northern Italy. It was erected in the 3rd century."Diocese of Padova {Padua}" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved February 29, 2016."Diocese of Padova" GCatholic.org. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved February 29, 2016. The diocese of Padua was originally a suffragan (subordinate) of the Patriarchate of Aquileia. When the Patriarchate was suppressed permanently in 1752, it became a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Udine. In 1818, when the dioceses of northern Italy were reorganized by Pope Pius VII, it became a suffragan of the Patriarchate of Venice, and remains so today.Kehr, Italia pontificia VII. 1, p. 156.
The current bishop is Claudio Cipolla.
The seat of the bishop of Padua is in the Cathedral-Basilica of Santa Maria Assunta. The diocese also contains the Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua and the Basilica of Santa Giustina.
Territory The Diocese of Padua covers the most part of the Province of Padua, out of a main part of the higher plain. It also includes areas from the surrounding provinces of Vicenza (Thiene, Asiago and Plateau of the Sette Comuni, Monte Grappa, southern Valsugana), Venice (Riviera del Brenta), Treviso (Valdobbiadene) and Belluno (Quero).
History In a manuscript of the 14th century,Dondi dall'Orologio, Dissertazioni Vol. 1, "Documenta", pp. 8–12. Lanzoni, pp. 915–917. containing a list of the bishops of Padua, the statement is made that Prosdocimus, a disciple of S. Peter the Apostle, was sent to Pavia in 42, and that he died in the reign of Antoninus Pius (138–160).Giustiniani, pp. I–II, gives the dates of 48 and 141. He also credits Prosdocimus with the construction of the church of S. Sofia and the oratory of the Virgin Mary in Prato della Valle; such construction was impossible when Christianity was still an illegal association rather than a legal cult. He baptized Vitalianus, the king of Padua, his wife, and the whole people of Padua (Padua was actually a municipium under the Lex Julia Municipalis). During his episcopate, Duke Andrea Dandolo of Venice came to Padua. Justina (Giustina), the daughter of Vitalianus was driven out and killed. All this information, as Francesco Lanzoni points out, derives from the hagiographical fiction, the "Life of S. Prosdocimus", which is not older than the 12th century. Of his thirty successors in the episcopal list, only two have any external documentation at all, and those two are given in the wrong order in the list.Lanzoni, p. 915: "...questa lista non abbia alcun valore storico...." The legendary Fidentius Armenus, supposed third bishop, was venerated as a martyr.
In 1148, following the murder of Bishop Bellino, the Abbot of S. Giustina for the first time joined the Chapter of the cathedralC.D. Fonseca, "La cattedrale e il suo Capitolo. Analisi comparata in prospettiva storica, ecclesiologica e canonistica," , in: Annali di Studi Religiosi Vol. 4 (2003), pp. 215-235. in the election of bishops. Perhaps also the Primicerius of the Parocchi was given the same privilege. They elected Giovanni Caccio, who was confirmed by the Patriarch of Aquileia, and was in office by 29 July 1148.Dondi dell' Orologia, Dissertazioni VI, p. 4.
Troubled election of 1283 Following the death of Bishop Joannes Forzate on 4 June 1283, the Canons attempted to gather for an electoral meeting. Trouble began when the Primicerius complained about his right to take part in the election along with the Archpriest and the Canons, and that he had not been summoned to the meeting. On 24 July 1283, he announced his intention to appeal to the pope. Several days later, the Canons assembled again and elected Prosavio, who was then Bishop of Treviso. But he refused the election. On 1 August 1283, another meeting took place with the Archpriest Bovetinus presiding. Five of the Canons voted for Canon Prencevalle di Bonifaccio Conti (Percevalle), while the other five voted for Giovanni dagli Abbati. Five other electors made no nomination. Those who had voted for Giovanni dagli Abbati declared him elected and sought his consent, which was given; they prepared a certificate of election which was to be given to the Patriarch of Aquileia for his approval and canonical institution. Giovanni dagli Abbati requested time to consider his response. The supporters of Prencevalle did the same, and the conflict ended up in the court of the Patriarch, where it was heard in March 1284.
Cardinal Latinus Frangipani Malabranca, the Bishop of Ostia and nephew of Pope Nicholas III (1277–1280), who was papal Legate in the Romandiola, declared that Giovanni dagli Abbati had no right to be considered for election, based on information provided to the effect that Giovanni was a simoniac, living in concubinage, and was a source of scandal.Dondi dall'Orologia, Dissertazione VIII, p. 7.
The Patriarch was prepared to rule in favor of Giovanni, who by that time had two-thirds of the electors on his side, but heavy pressure was applied by the family and friends of Prencevalle, and the Patriarch therefore quashed the entire election. He then, on his own initiative as Metropolitan, provided (appointed) a new bishop, who was Prencevalle, despite the fact that Prencevalle was only in minor orders and required a papal dispensation to be elected bishop. The entire affair was appealed to the Holy See.Dondi dall'Orologia, Dissertazione VIII, pp. 5-10. Cappelletti X, pp. 524-525. Eubel I, p. 385, notes 3, 4, 5. Despite the appeal, the Patriarch went ahead and consecrated Prencevalle and had him installed as Bishop of Padua.
On 1 July 1286, Pope Honorius IV issued a mandate to the Bishop of Castello, Bartolomeo Quirini, to suspend Prencevalle from the spiritual and temporal administration of the diocese of Padua, and to confiscate all the fruits and other income which he had received from the time of his provision in March 1284. Quirini was ordered to cite Prencevalle to appear at the papal court within six weeks. The Pope appointed Apostolic Administrators for the diocese of Padua, the Archpriest and Canon Andrea Gausoni. Prencevalle failed to appear before the pope, and therefore the Bishop of Castello proceeded against him. Eventually Prencevalle submitted his resignation.
On 4 March 1287, Pope Honorius IV appointed Bernardus, a canon of Agde (France) and an auditor causarum (judge) in the papal court, as the new bishop of Padua.
Pileo di Prato Bishop Pietro Pileo di Prato of the diocese of Treviso was appointed bishop of Padua by Pope Innocent VI on 12 June 1359.Eubel I, p. 386. As bishop, he summoned and presided over a diocesan synod on 8 March 1360.Dondi dall'Orologio VIII, pp. 106–107. At exactly the same time he was involved in his capacity as Grand Chancellor of the University of Padua, in mediating a dispute between the Law Faculty and the Arts Faculty, as to whether there should be one university or two. On 20 March 1360, he issued his decision, that there should be two institutions, but that the Rector of the Arts should swear to obey the statutes of the Law Faculty.There had originally been one university, which the law professors came to dominate to the extent that all members of the university where obliged to obey their statutes and their Rector. The professors of Medicine and of the arts set up their own organization with their own Rector, and were agitating to be considered a separate university independent of the Law faculty. Dondi dall'Orologio VIII, p. 107. In 1361, he modified the statutes of the cathedral Chapter, allowing younger Canons who were studying at the university to do so without penalty for their absence from their cathedra duties.Dondi dall'Orologio VIII, p. 108. Bishop Pileo also obtained from Pope Urban V a chair in theology for the University of Padua, only the third such chair to be established, after Paris and Bologna.Dondi dall'Orologio VIII, p. 109. Others put it that the University was entitled to issue doctoral degrees in theology. In 1394, he founded the Collegio Pratense in Padua, for the benefit of scholars studying at the University of Padua, and provided for the institution in his Testament of 1399.Dondi dall'Orologio VIII, p. 112. Malmignati says that the number of scholars was set at 20, and that they were to be drawn from Padua, Venice, and Treviso.
In 1348, Padua, like most large cities in Italy, was attacked by the bubonic plague. A Paduan chronicler reports that scarcely one-third of the population survived the onslaught.Francis Aiden Gasquet, The Black Death of 1348 and 1349, second edition (London: Bell 1908), p. 30. In 1382, another major visitation of the plague took place. It began apparently in Friuli, then spread to Belluno, Feltre, Treviso and Venice (where 20,000 people died between May and November 1382). Finally Padua and the Romandiola suffered. All of the monks in S. Maria dell' Alto in Monselice died.Dondi dell' Orologio, "Dissertazioni" VIII, p. 123.
In 1594, the Chapter of the cathedral of the Assumption was composed of four dignities and twenty-two Canons.Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, p. 275, note 1.
Reorganization
In 1751, pressured both by Austria and Venice, who were exasperated by the numerous discords in the patriarchate of Aquileia, Pope Benedict XIV was compelled to intervene in the ecclesiastical and political disturbances. In the bull "Injuncta Nobis" of 6 July 1751, the patriarchate of Aquileia was completely suppressed, and in its place the Pope created two separate archdioceses, Udine and Goritza. The dioceses which had been suffragans of Aquileia and were under Venetian political control, Padua among them, were assigned to the new archdiocese of Udine.
Post-Napoleonic reorganization The violent expansionist military policies of the French First Republic had brought confusion and dislocation to the Po Valley. Following the redistribution of European territories at the Congress of Vienna, the Papacy faced the difficult task of restoring and restructuring the Church in various territories, according to the wishes of their rulers. Padua and Venice were under the control of the Austrian Empire, and therefore a Concordat had to be negotiated with the government of Francis I of Austria. One of the requirements of the Austrian government was the elimination of several metropolitanates and the suppression of a number of bishoprics which were no longer viable due to the bad climate (malaria and cholera) and the impoverishment of the dioceses due to migration and industrialization; it was expected that this would be done to the benefit of the Patriarchate of Venice.
Pope Pius VII, therefore, issued the bull "De Salute Dominici Gregis" on 1 May 1818, embodying the conclusions of arduous negotiations. The metropolitan archbishopric of Udine was abolished and its bishop made suffragan to Venice. The dioceses of Caprularum (Caorle) and Torcella were suppressed and their territories assigned to the Patriarchate of Venice; Belluno and Feltre were united under a single bishop, aeque personaliter, and assigned to Venice; Padua and Verona became suffragans of Venice. Cappelletti X, p. 808.
Diocesan synods
A diocesan synod was an irregularly held, but important, meeting of the bishop of a diocese and his clergy. Its purpose was (1) to proclaim generally the various decrees already issued by the bishop; (2) to discuss and ratify measures on which the bishop chose to consult with his clergy; (3) to publish statutes and decrees of the diocesan synod, of the provincial synod, and of the Holy See. John Paul II, Constitutio Apostolica de Synodis Dioecesanis Agendis (March 19, 1997): Acta Apostolicae Sedis 89 (1997), pp. 706-727.