The sub-commentaries (Pali: ṭīkā) are primarily commentaries on the commentaries (Pali: aṭṭhakathā) on the Pali Canon of Theravada Buddhism, written in Sri Lanka. This literature continues the commentaries' development of the traditional interpretation of the scriptures. These sub-commentaries were begun during the reign of Parākramabāhu I (1123–1186) under prominent Sri Lankan scholars such as Sāriputta Thera, Mahākassapa Thera of Dimbulagala Vihāra and Moggallāna Thera.Perera, HR; Buddhism in Sri Lanka A Short History, Buddhist Publication Society, Kandy, Sri Lanka, page
Types of ṭīkā Based on their hierarchy, chronological period, and scope, ṭīkā are traditionally classified into several contrasting pairs:
Based on hierarchy Mūla-ṭīkā, the original or root sub-commentary. Anu-ṭīkā, the additional or subsequent sub-commentary (sub-sub-commentary), which further explains the mūla-ṭīkā itself.
Based on chronology Porāṇa-ṭīkā or purāṇa-ṭīkā, the ancient sub-commentary (compiled during early periods). Abhinava-ṭīkā, the new or modern sub-commentary (compiled during later periods).
Based on scope Mahā-ṭīkā, the great or large sub-commentary (broad and extensive). Cūḷa-ṭīkā, the minor or small sub-commentary (concise and compact).
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