This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Colombia. Of the mammals in Colombia, four are critically endangered, eight are endangered, twenty-seven are vulnerable, and six are near threatened. One of the species listed for Colombia is considered to be extinct.This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature: EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species. DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories: LR/cd Lower risk/conservation dependent Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued. LR/nt Lower risk/near threatened Species which are close to being classified as vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes. LR/lc Lower risk/least concern Species for which there are no identifiable risks.
Subclass: Theria Infraclass: Metatheria
Order: Didelphimorphia (common opossums)
Didelphimorphia is the order of common opossums of the Western Hemisphere. Opossums probably diverged from the basic South American marsupials in the late Cretaceous or early Paleocene. They are small to medium-sized marsupials, about the size of a large house cat, with a long snout and prehensile tail.
Family: Didelphidae (American opossums) Subfamily: Caluromyinae Genus: Caluromys Derby's woolly opossum, Caluromys derbianus VU Brown-eared woolly opossum, Caluromys lanatus LR/nt Subfamily: Didelphinae Genus: Chironectes Water opossum, Chironectes minimus LR/nt Genus: Didelphis White-eared opossum, Didelphis albiventris LR/lc Common opossum, Didelphis marsupialis LR/lc Genus: Gracilinanus Wood sprite gracile opossum, Gracilinanus dryas VU Long-tailed gracile mouse opossum, Gracilinanus longicaudus DD Northern gracile opossum, Gracilinanus marica LR/nt Columbian gracile mouse opossum, Gracilinanus perijae DD Genus: Lutreolina Big lutrine opossum, Lutreolina crassicaudata LR/lc Genus: Marmosa Alston's mouse opossum, Marmosa alstoni LR/nt White-bellied woolly mouse opossum, Marmosa constantiae LR/nt Woolly mouse opossum, Marmosa demerarae LR/lc Rufous mouse opossum, Marmosa lepida LR/nt Linnaeus's mouse opossum, Marmosa murina LR/lc Bare-tailed woolly mouse opossum, Marmosa regina LR/lc Robinson's mouse opossum, Marmosa robinsoni LR/lc Guajira mouse opossum, Marmosa xerophila EN Genus: Marmosops Dusky slender opossum, Marmosops fuscatus LR/nt Handley's slender opossum, Marmosops handleyi CR Tschudi's slender opossum, Marmosops impavidus LR/nt Delicate slender opossum, Marmosops parvidens LR/nt Genus: Metachirus Brown four-eyed opossum, Metachirus nudicaudatus LR/lc Genus: Monodelphis Sepia short-tailed opossum, Monodelphis adusta LR/lc Genus: Philander Anderson's four-eyed opossum, Philander andersoni LR/lc Gray four-eyed opossum, Philander opossum LR/lc
Order: Paucituberculata (shrew opossums)
There are six extant species of shrew opossum. They are small shrew-like marsupials confined to the Andes.
Family: Caenolestidae Genus: Caenolestes Northern caenolestid, C. convelatus Dusky caenolestid, C. fuliginosus Infraclass: Eutheria
Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)
Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.
Family: Trichechidae Genus: Trichechus Amazonian manatee, T. inunguis VU West Indian manatee, T. manatus VU
Order: Cingulata (armadillos)
The armadillos are small mammals with a bony armored shell. They are native to the Americas. There are around 20 extant species.
Family: Dasypodidae (armadillos) Subfamily: Dasypodinae Genus: Dasypus Greater long-nosed armadillo, Dasypus kappleri LC Nine-banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus LC Llanos long-nosed armadillo, Dasypus sabanicola LC Subfamily: Tolypeutinae Genus: Cabassous Northern naked-tailed armadillo, Cabassous centralis DD Southern naked-tailed armadillo, Cabassous unicinctus LC Genus: Priodontes Giant armadillo, Priodontes maximus VU
Order: Pilosa (anteaters, sloths and tamanduas)
The order Pilosa is extant only in the Americas and includes the anteaters, sloths, and tamanduas.
Suborder: Folivora Family: Bradypodidae (three-toed sloths) Genus: Bradypus Pale-throated three-toed sloth, Bradypus tridactylus LC Brown-throated three-toed sloth, Bradypus variegatus LC Family: Choloepodidae (two-toed sloths) Genus: Choloepus Linnaeus's two-toed sloth, Choloepus didactylus LC Hoffmann's two-toed sloth, Choloepus hoffmanni LC Suborder: Vermilingua Family: Cyclopedidae Genus: Cyclopes Silky anteater, C. didactylus LC Central American silky anteater, C. dorsalis Family: Myrmecophagidae (American anteaters) Genus: Myrmecophaga Giant anteater, Myrmecophaga tridactyla NT Genus: Tamandua Northern tamandua, Tamandua mexicana LC Southern tamandua, Tamandua tetradactyla LC
Order: Primates
The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes.
Suborder: Haplorhini Infraorder: Simiiformes Parvorder: Platyrrhini (New World monkeys) Family: Cebidae Subfamily: Callitrichinae Genus: Cebuella Western pygmy marmoset, Cebuella pygmaea VU Genus: Leontocebus Lesson's saddle-back tamarin, Leontocebus fuscus LC Black-mantled tamarin, Leontocebus nigricollis LC Genus: Saguinus Geoffroy's tamarin, Saguinus geoffroyi LC Mottle-faced tamarin, Saguinus inustus LC White-footed tamarin, Saguinus leucopus VU Cottontop tamarin, Saguinus oedipus EN Genus: Callimico Goeldi's marmoset, Callimico goeldii NT Subfamily: Cebinae Genus: Cebus Humboldt's white-fronted capuchin, Cebus albifrons LC Colombian white-faced capuchin, Cebus capucinus LC Río Cesar white-fronted capuchin, Cebus cesare DD Sierra de Perijá white-fronted capuchin, Cebus leucocephalus Santa Marta white-fronted capuchin, Cebus malitiosus EN Varied white-fronted capuchin, Cebus versicolor EN Marañón white-fronted capuchin, Cebus yuracus Genus Sapajus Large-headed capuchin, Sapajus macrocephalus LC Genus: Saimiri Humboldt's squirrel monkey, Saimiri cassiquiarensis Family: Aotidae Genus: Aotus Gray-bellied night monkey, Aotus lemurinus VU Nancy Ma's night monkey, Aotus nancymaae LC Black-headed night monkey, Aotus nigriceps LC Three-striped night monkey, Aotus trivirgatus LC Spix's night monkey, Aotus vociferans LC Family: Pitheciidae Subfamily: Callicebinae Genus: Callicebus White-tailed titi, Callicebus discolor LC Lucifer titi, Callicebus lucifer LC Black titi, Callicebus lugens LC Colombian black-handed titi, Callicebus medemi LC Ornate titi, Callicebus ornatus VU Subfamily: Pitheciinae Genus: Pithecia Hairy saki, Pithecia hirsuta DD Miller's saki, Pithecia milleri DD Genus: Cacajao Bald uakari, Cacajao calvus VU possibly extirpated Black-headed uakari, Cacajao melanocephalus LC Family: Atelidae Subfamily: Alouattinae Genus: Alouatta Mantled howler, Alouatta palliata LC Venezuelan red howler, Alouatta seniculus LC Subfamily: Atelinae Genus: Ateles White-fronted spider monkey, Ateles belzebuth VU Black-headed spider monkey, Ateles fusciceps CR Geoffroy's spider monkey, Ateles geoffroyi LC Brown spider monkey, Ateles hybridus CR Genus: Lagothrix Brown woolly monkey, Lagothrix lagothricha LR/lc Colombian woolly monkey, Lagothrix lugens VU
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to .
Suborder: Hystricognathi Family: Erethizontidae (New World porcupines) Subfamily: Erethizontinae Genus: Coendou Bicolor-spined porcupine, Coendou bicolor LR/lc Brazilian porcupine, Coendou prehensilis LR/lc Stump-tailed porcupine, Coendou rufescens LR/lc Brown hairy dwarf porcupine, Coendou vestitus VU Family: Dinomyidae (pacarana) Genus: Dinomys Pacarana, Dinomys branickii EN Family: Caviidae (guinea pigs) Subfamily: Caviinae Genus: Cavia Brazilian guinea pig, Cavia aperea LR/lc Subfamily: Hydrochoerinae (capybaras and rock cavies) Genus: Hydrochoerus Capybara, Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris LR/lc Lesser capybara, Hydrochoerus isthmius LR/lc Family: Dasyproctidae (agoutis and pacas) Genus: Dasyprocta Black agouti, Dasyprocta fuliginosa LR/lc Central American agouti, Dasyprocta punctata LR/lc Red-rumped agouti, Dasyprocta leporina LR/lc Genus: Myoprocta Red acouchi, Myoprocta acouchy LR/lc Family: Cuniculidae Genus: Cuniculus Lowland paca, Cuniculus paca LC Mountain paca, Cuniculus taczanowskii LR/nt Family: Echimyidae Subfamily: Dactylomyinae Genus: Dactylomys Amazon bamboo rat, Dactylomys dactylinus LR/lc Genus: Olallamys White-tailed olalla rat, Olallamys albicauda LR/nt Greedy olalla rat, Olallamys edax LR/nt Subfamily: Echimyinae Genus: Diplomys Colombian soft-furred spiny rat, Diplomys caniceps LR/nt Rufous soft-furred spiny-rat, Diplomys labilis LR/lc Genus: Santamartamys Red-crested tree-rat, Santamartamys rufodorsalis CR Genus: Echimys Speckled spiny tree-rat, Echimys semivillosus LR/lc Genus: Isothrix Yellow-crowned brush-tailed rat, Isothrix bistriata LR/nt Subfamily: Eumysopinae Genus: Hoplomys Armored rat, Hoplomys gymnurus LR/lc Genus: Mesomys Ferreira's spiny tree-rat, Mesomys hispidus LR/lc Genus: Proechimys Short-tailed spiny rat, Proechimys brevicauda LR/lc Colombian spiny rat, Proechimys canicollis LR/lc Guyenne spiny rat, Proechimys guyannensis LR/lc Boyaca spiny rat, Proechimys chrysaeolus LR/lc Magdalena spiny rat, Proechimys magdalenae LR/lc Minca spiny rat, Proechimys mincae LR/lc O'Connell's spiny rat, Proechimys oconnelli LR/lc Gray-footed spiny rat, Proechimys poliopus LR/lc Napo spiny rat, Proechimys quadruplicatus LR/lc Tome's spiny rat, Proechimys semispinosus LR/lc Simon's spiny rat, Proechimys simonsi LR/lc Suborder: Sciurognathi Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) Subfamily: Sciurinae Tribe: Sciurini Genus: Sciurillus Neotropical pygmy squirrel, Sciurillus pusillus LR/lc Genus: Microsciurus Central American dwarf squirrel, Microsciurus alfari LR/lc Amazon dwarf squirrel, Microsciurus flaviventer LR/lc Western dwarf squirrel, Microsciurus mimulus LR/lc Santander dwarf squirrel, Microsciurus santanderensis LR/lc Genus: Sciurus Red-tailed squirrel, Sciurus granatensis LR/lc Northern Amazon red squirrel, Sciurus igniventris LR/lc Andean squirrel, Sciurus pucheranii LR/lc Southern Amazon red squirrel, Sciurus spadiceus LR/lc Family: Geomyidae Genus: Orthogeomys Thaeler's pocket gopher, Orthogeomys thaeleri LR/lc