This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Djibouti. Of the mammal species in Djibouti, one is critically endangered, another is endangered, five are vulnerable, and two are near threatened.This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature: EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species. DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories: LR/cd Lower risk/conservation dependent Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued. LR/nt Lower risk/near threatened Species which are close to being classified as vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes. LR/lc Lower risk/least concern Species for which there are no identifiable risks.
Order: Tubulidentata (aardvarks)
The order Tubulidentata consists of a single species, the aardvark. Tubulidentata are characterised by their teeth which lack a pulp cavity and form thin tubes which are continuously worn down and replaced.
Family: Orycteropodidae Genus: Orycteropus Aardvark, Orycteropus afer LC
Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)
Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.
Family: Dugongidae Genus: Dugong Dugong, Dugong dugon VU
Order: Primates
The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, tarsiers, monkeys, and apes.
Suborder: Strepsirrhini Infraorder: Lemuriformes Superfamily: Lorisoidea Family: Galagidae Genus: Galago Senegal bushbaby, Galago senegalensis LR/lc Suborder: Haplorhini Infraorder: Simiiformes Parvorder: Catarrhini Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys) Genus: Papio Hamadryas baboon, Papio hamadryas LR/nt
Order: Rodentia (rodents) Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to .
Suborder: Hystricognathi Family: Bathyergidae Genus: Heterocephalus Naked mole-rat, Heterocephalus glaber LC Suborder: Sciurognathi Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) Subfamily: Xerinae Tribe: Xerini Genus: Xerus Unstriped ground squirrel, Xerus rutilus LC Family: Cricetidae Subfamily: Lophiomyinae Genus: Lophiomys Maned rat, Lophiomys imhausi LC Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.) Subfamily: Deomyinae Genus: Acomys Cairo spiny mouse, Acomys cahirinus LC Louise's spiny mouse, Acomys louisae LC Mullah spiny mouse, Acomys mullah LC Subfamily: Gerbillinae Genus: Gerbillus Somalia gerbil, Gerbillus dunni DD Somalian gerbil, Gerbillus somalicus DD Waters's gerbil, Gerbillus watersi LC Family: Ctenodactylidae Genus: Pectinator Speke's pectinator, Pectinator spekei DD
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs) The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares) Genus: Lepus Cape hare, Lepus capensis LR/lc
Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures) The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.
Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs) Subfamily: Erinaceinae Genus: Hemiechinus Desert hedgehog, Hemiechinus aethiopicus LR/lc
Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
Family: Soricidae (shrews) Subfamily: Crocidurinae Genus: Crocidura Savanna shrew, Crocidura fulvastra LC
Order: Chiroptera (bats) The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats) Subfamily: Pteropodinae Genus: Eidolon Straw-coloured fruit bat, Eidolon helvum LC Family: Vespertilionidae Subfamily: Vespertilioninae Genus: Eptesicus Botta's serotine, Eptesicus bottae LC Genus: Neoromicia Cape serotine, Neoromicia capensis LC Genus: Nycticeinops Schlieffen's bat, Nycticeinops schlieffeni LC Genus: Scotophilus African yellow bat, Scotophilus dinganii LC Family: Rhinopomatidae Genus: Rhinopoma Egyptian mouse-tailed bat, R. cystops Lesser mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma hardwickei LC Greater mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma microphyllum LC Family: Molossidae Genus: Chaerephon Spotted free-tailed bat, Chaerephon bivittata LC Little free-tailed bat, Chaerephon pumila LC Genus: Otomops Large-eared free-tailed bat, Otomops martiensseni NT Family: Emballonuridae Genus: Coleura African sheath-tailed bat, Coleura afra LC Genus: Taphozous Naked-rumped tomb bat, Taphozous nudiventris LC Egyptian tomb bat, Taphozous perforatus LC Family: Nycteridae Genus: Nycteris Egyptian slit-faced bat, Nycteris thebaica LC Family: Megadermatidae Genus: Cardioderma Heart-nosed bat, Cardioderma cor LC Family: Rhinolophidae Subfamily: Rhinolophinae Genus: Rhinolophus Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros Subfamily: Hipposiderinae Genus: Asellia Trident leaf-nosed bat, Asellia tridens LC Genus: Hipposideros Sundevall's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros caffer LC Ethiopian large-eared roundleaf bat, Hipposideros megalotis NT Genus: Triaenops Persian trident bat, Triaenops persicus LC
Order: Cetacea (whales)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
Suborder: Mysticeti Family: Balaenopteridae (baleen whales) Genus: Balaenoptera Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus Genus: Megaptera Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae Suborder: Odontoceti Superfamily: Platanistoidea Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins) Genus: Delphinus Long-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus capensis DD Genus: Feresa Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata DD Genus: Globicephala Short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhyncus DD Genus: Lagenodelphis Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei DD Genus: Grampus Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus DD Genus: Orcinus Killer whale, Orcinus orca DD Genus: Peponocephala Melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra DD Genus: Sousa Indian humpback dolphin, Sousa plumbea DD Genus: Stenella Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata DD Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba DD Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris DD Genus: Steno Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis DD Genus: Tursiops Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus Family: Physeteridae (sperm whales) Genus: Physeter Sperm whale, Physeter catodon DD Family: Kogiidae (dwarf sperm whales) Genus: Kogia Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps DD Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia sima DD Superfamily Ziphioidea Family: Ziphidae (beaked whales) Genus: Indopacetus Tropical bottlenose whale, Indopacetus pacificus DD Genus: Mesoplodon Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale, Mesoplodon ginkgodens DD Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris DD Genus: Ziphius Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris DD
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
Suborder: Feliformia Family: Felidae (cats) Subfamily: Felinae Genus: Acinonyx Cheetah A. jubatus, presence uncertain Genus: Caracal Caracal, C. caracal Genus: Leptailurus Serval, L. serval Subfamily: Pantherinae Genus: Panthera Leopard, P. pardus African leopard, P. p. pardus Family: Viverridae (civets, mongooses, etc.) Subfamily: Viverrinae Genus: Genetta Abyssinian genet, G. abyssinica Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas) Genus: Crocuta Spotted hyena, C. crocuta LC Genus: Hyaena Striped hyena, H. hyaena Suborder: Caniformia Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes) Genus: Canis African golden wolf, C. lupaster Genus: Lupulella Black-backed jackal, L. mesomelas Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) Genus: Ictonyx Striped polecat, I. striatus LC Genus: Mellivora Honey badger, M. capensis
Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates) The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.
Family: Equidae (horses etc.) Genus: Equus African wild ass, E. africanus presence uncertain Somali wild ass, E. a. somaliensis presence uncertain
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
Family: Suidae (pigs) Subfamily: Phacochoerinae Genus: Phacochoerus Desert warthog, Phacochoerus aethiopicus LR/lc Common warthog, Phacochoerus africanus LR/lc Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats) Subfamily: Antilopinae Genus: Dorcatragus Beira, Dorcatragus megalotis VU Genus: Gazella Dorcas gazelle, Gazella dorcas VU Soemmerring's gazelle, Gazella soemmerringii VU Genus: Litocranius Gerenuk, Litocranius walleri LR/cd Genus: Madoqua Salt's dik-dik, Madoqua saltiana LR/lc Genus: Oreotragus Klipspringer, Oreotragus oreotragus LR/cd Subfamily: Bovinae Genus: Tragelaphus Lesser kudu, Tragelaphus imberbis NT possibly extirpated Greater kudu, Tragelaphus strepsiceros LC possibly extirpated Subfamily: Cephalophinae Genus: Sylvicapra Common duiker, Sylvicapra grimmia LR/lc Subfamily: Hippotraginae Genus: Oryx East African oryx, Oryx beisa EN possibly extirpated
Extirpated The following species are locally extinct in Djibouti: Lion, Panthera leo
See also Wildlife of Djibouti List of chordate orders Lists of mammals by region List of prehistoric mammals Mammal classification
References
External links