There are 70 mammal species recorded in Jordan, of which two are endangered, ten are vulnerable, and three are near threatened.The following list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature: EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species. DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates) The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats) Subfamily: Antilopinae Genus: Gazella Dorcas gazelle, G. dorcas Mountain gazelle, G. gazella Arabian sand gazelle, G. marica Goitered gazelle, G. subgutturosa Subfamily: Caprinae Genus: Capra Nubian ibex, C. nubiana Subfamily: Hippotraginae Genus: Oryx Arabian oryx, O. leucoryx reintroduced Family: Cervidae (deer) Subfamily: Cervinae Genus: Capreolus Roe deer, C. capreolus Family: Suidae (pigs) Genus: Sus Wild boar, S. scrofa
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. Suborder: Feliformia Family: Felidae (cats) Subfamily: Felinae Genus: Caracal Caracal, C. caracal Genus: Felis Jungle cat, F. chaus African wildcat, F. lybica Sand cat, F. margarita Family: Herpestidae (mongooses) Genus: Herpestes Egyptian mongoose, H. ichneumon Genus: Urva Small Indian mongoose, U. auropunctata Family: Hyaenidae (hyenas) Genus: Hyaena Striped hyena, H. hyaena Suborder: Caniformia Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes) Genus: Canis Golden jackal, C. aureus Persian jackal, C. a. aureus Syrian jackal, C. a. syriacus Gray wolf, C. lupus Arabian wolf, C. l. arabs Genus: Vulpes Blanford's fox, V. cana Rüppell's fox, V. rueppellii Red fox, V. vulpes Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) Genus: Lutra Eurasian otter, L. lutra Genus: Meles Caucasian badger, M. canescens Genus: Mellivora Honey badger, M. capensis Genus: Mustela Least weasel, M. nivalis
Order: Cetacea (whales)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. Suborder: Mysticeti Family: Balaenopteridae Subfamily: Balaenopterinae Genus: Balaenoptera Bryde's whale, B. edeni Subfamily: Megapterinae Genus: Megaptera Humpback whale, M. novaeangliae Suborder: Odontoceti Superfamily: Platanistoidea Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins) Genus: Grampus Risso's dolphin, G. griseus Genus: Pseudorca False killer whale, P. crassidens Genus: Stenella Pantropical spotted dolphin, S. attenuata Spinner dolphin, S. longirostris Genus: Tursiops Common bottlenose dolphin, T. truncatus Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, T. aduncus
Order: Chiroptera (bats) The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats) Subfamily: Pteropodinae Genus: Rousettus Egyptian fruit bat, R. aegyptiacus Family: Vespertilionidae Subfamily: Myotinae Genus: Myotis Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii Long-fingered bat, M. capaccinii Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus Greater mouse-eared bat, M. myotis Natterer's bat, M. nattereri Subfamily: Vespertilioninae Genus: Eptesicus Botta's serotine, E. bottae Genus: Hypsugo Desert pipistrelle, H. ariel Genus: Otonycteris Desert long-eared bat, O. hemprichii Genus: Pipistrellus Kuhl's pipistrelle, P. kuhlii Genus: Plecotus Grey long-eared bat, P. austriacus Subfamily: Miniopterinae Genus: Miniopterus Common bent-wing bat, M. schreibersii Family: Rhinopomatidae Genus: Rhinopoma Egyptian mouse-tailed bat, R. cystops Lesser mouse-tailed bat, R. hardwickei Greater mouse-tailed bat, R. microphyllum Family: Molossidae Genus: Tadarida European free-tailed bat, T. teniotis Family: Emballonuridae Genus: Taphozous Naked-rumped tomb bat, T. nudiventris Family: Nycteridae Genus: Nycteris Egyptian slit-faced bat, N. thebaica Family: Rhinolophidae Subfamily: Rhinolophinae Genus: Rhinolophus Blasius's horseshoe bat, R. blasii Geoffroy's horseshoe bat, R. clivosus Mediterranean horseshoe bat, R. euryale Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros
Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures) The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats. Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs) Subfamily: Erinaceinae Genus: Paraechinus Desert hedgehog, P. aethiopicus
Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)
The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat, they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stumpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East. Family: Procaviidae (hyraxes) Genus: Procavia Cape hyrax, P. capensis
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs) The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two. Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares) Genus: Lepus Cape hare, L. capensis
Order: Rodentia (rodents) Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to . Suborder: Hystricognathi Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines) Genus: Hystrix Indian crested porcupine, H. indica Suborder: Sciurognathi Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) Subfamily: Sciurinae Tribe: Sciurini Genus: Sciurus Caucasian squirrel, S. anomalus Family: Gliridae (dormice) Subfamily: Leithiinae Genus: Eliomys Asian garden dormouse, E. melanurus Family: Dipodidae (jerboas) Subfamily: Allactaginae Genus: Allactaga Euphrates jerboa, A. euphratica Family: Spalacidae Subfamily: Spalacinae Genus: Nannospalax Palestine mole rat, N. ehrenbergi Family: Cricetidae (hamsters, voles, lemmings etc.) Subfamily: Cricetinae Genus: Cricetulus Grey dwarf hamster, C. migratorius Subfamily: Arvicolinae Genus: Microtus Günther's vole, M. guentheri Family: Muridae (mice, rats, gerbils, jirds etc.) Subfamily: Deomyinae Genus: Acomys Cairo spiny mouse, A. cahirinus Golden spiny mouse, A. russatus Subfamily: Gerbillinae Genus: Gerbillus Anderson's gerbil, G. andersoni Wagner's gerbil, G. dasyurus Pygmy gerbil, G. henleyi Balochistan gerbil, G. nanus Genus: Meriones Sundevall's jird, M. crassus Libyan jird, M. libycus Tristram's jird, M. tristrami Genus: Psammomys Sand rat, P. obesus Genus: Sekeetamys Bushy-tailed jird, S. calurus Subfamily: Murinae Genus: Apodemus Broad-toothed field mouse, A. mystacinus Genus: Mus Macedonian mouse, M. macedonicus
Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)
Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered. Family: Dugongidae Genus: Dugong Dugong, D. dugon
Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers. Family: Soricidae (shrews) Subfamily: Crocidurinae Genus: Crocidura Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens
Locally extinct The following species are locally extinct in the country: Cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus Hartebeest, Alcelaphus buselaphus Wild goat, Capra aegagrus Red deer, Cervus elaphus Persian fallow deer, Dama mesopotamica Onager, Equus hemionus Lion, Panthera leo Leopard, Panthera pardus Brown bear, Ursus arctos
See also
Wildlife of Jordan List of chordate orders Lists of mammals by region Mammal classification
References
External links