This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Oman. There are at least 62 mammal species in Oman that have been assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), of these, one is critically endangered, four are endangered, eight are vulnerable, and two are near threatened.This list is in part derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN: EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species. DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)

The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stumpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East.

Family: Procaviidae (hyraxes) Genus: Procavia Cape hyrax, P. capensis

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)

Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.

Family: Dugongidae Genus: Dugong Dugong, D. dugon

Order: Rodentia (rodents) Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to .

Suborder: Sciurognathi Family: Dipodidae (jerboas) Subfamily: Dipodinae Genus: Jaculus Lesser Egyptian jerboa, J. jaculus Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.) Subfamily: Deomyinae Genus: Acomys Cairo spiny mouse, Acomys cahirinus LC Golden spiny mouse, Acomys russatus LC Subfamily: Gerbillinae Genus: Gerbillus Cheesman's gerbil, Gerbillus cheesmani LC Wagner's gerbil, Gerbillus dasyurus LC Pygmy gerbil, Gerbillus henleyi LC Balochistan gerbil, Gerbillus nanus LC Genus: Meriones Arabian jird, Meriones arimalius EN Genus: Hystrix Indian crested porcupine, Hystrix indica LC

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs) Lagomorphs comprise rabbits, hares, and pikas. Unlike rodents, they have four incisors on their upper jaws.

Family: Leporidae (rabbits and hares) Genus: Lepus Cape hare, L. capensis

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs) Subfamily: Erinaceinae Genus: Paraechinus Desert hedgehog, P. aethiopicus

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)

The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

Family: Soricidae (shrews) Subfamily: Crocidurinae Genus: Crocidura Arabian shrew, C. arabica LC Dhofar shrew, C. dhofarensis DD

Order: Chiroptera (bats) The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats) Subfamily: Pteropodinae Genus: Rousettus Egyptian fruit bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus LC Family: Vespertilionidae Subfamily: Myotinae Genus: Myotis Geoffroy's bat, Myotis emarginatus VU Subfamily: Vespertilioninae Genus: Eptesicus Botta's serotine, Eptesicus bottae LC Genus: Hypsugo Arabian pipistrelle, Hypsugo arabicus VU Bodenheimer's pipistrelle, Hypsugo bodenheimeri LC Genus: Nyctalus Common noctule, Nyctalus noctula LC Genus: Otonycteris Desert long-eared bat, Otonycteris hemprichii LC Genus: Pipistrellus Kuhl's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus kuhlii LC Genus: Rhyneptesicus Sind bat, R. nasutus Family: Rhinopomatidae Genus: Rhinopoma Egyptian mouse-tailed bat, R. cystops Lesser mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma hardwickii LC Greater mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma microphyllum LC Small mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma muscatellum LC Family: Molossidae Genus: Tadarida Egyptian free-tailed bat, Tadarida aegyptiaca LC Family: Rhinolophidae Subfamily: Rhinolophinae Genus: Rhinolophus Blasius's horseshoe bat, R. blasii Geoffroy's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus clivosus LC Subfamily: Hipposiderinae Genus: Asellia Trident leaf-nosed bat, Asellia tridens LC Genus: Triaenops Persian trident bat, Triaenops persicus LC

Order: Cetacea (whales)

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Suborder: Mysticeti Family: Balaenidae Family: Balaenopteridae Subfamily: Balaenopterinae Genus: Balaenoptera Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus EN Subfamily: Megapterinae Genus: Megaptera Humpback whale, M. novaeangliae Suborder: Odontoceti Superfamily: Platanistoidea Family: Phocoenidae Genus: Neophocaena Indo-Pacific finless porpoise, Neophocaena phocaenoides DD Family:Physeteridae Genus: Physeter Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU Family: Kogiidae Genus: Kogia Pygmy sperm whale, K. breviceps DD Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia sima LC Family: Ziphidae Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae Genus: Mesoplodon Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris DD Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins) Genus: Steno Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis DD Genus: Sousa Indian Ocean humpback dolphin, Sousa plumbea DD Genus: Tursiops Bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus DD Genus: Stenella Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata LC Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba LC Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris LC Genus: Delphinus Common dolphin, Delphinus capensis LC Genus: Lagenodelphis Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei DD Genus: Grampus Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus DD Genus: Feresa Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata DD Genus: Pseudorca False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens LC Genus: Orcinus Orca, O. orca DD

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. Suborder: Feliformia Family: Felidae (cats) Subfamily: Felinae Genus: Caracal Caracal, C. caracal Genus: Felis African wildcat, F. lybica Sand cat, F. margarita Subfamily: Pantherinae Genus: Panthera Leopard, Panthera pardus Arabian leopard, Panthera pardus nimr Family: Viverridae Subfamily: Viverrinae Genus: Genetta Common genet, G. genetta Family: Herpestidae (mongooses) Genus: Ichneumia White-tailed mongoose, I. albacauda Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas) Genus: Hyaena Striped hyena, H. hyaena Suborder: Caniformia Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes) Genus: Vulpes Blanford's fox, V. cana Rüppell's fox, V. rueppellii Red fox, V. vulpes Genus: Canis Golden jackal, C. aureus Gray wolf, C. lupus Arabian wolf, Canis lupus arabs Family: Phocidae (earless seals) Genus: Mirounga Southern elephant seal, M. leonina vagrant Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) Genus: Mellivora Honey badger, M. capensis

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats) Subfamily: Antilopinae Genus: Gazella Arabian gazelle, G. arabica Arabian sand gazelle, G. marica Subfamily: Caprinae Genus: Arabitragus Arabian tahr, A. jayakari Genus: Capra Nubian ibex, C. nubiana Genus: Ovis Urial, O. vignei presence uncertain, possibly introduced Oman urial, O. v. arabica Subfamily: Hippotraginae Genus: Oryx Arabian oryx, O. leucoryx reintroduced

See also List of chordate orders Lists of mammals by region List of prehistoric mammals Mammal classification List of mammals described in the 2000s

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