This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Peru. There are 417 mammal species in Peru, of which five are critically endangered, nine are endangered, thirty-two are vulnerable, and ten are near threatened.This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature: EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species. DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories: LR/cd Lower risk/conservation dependent Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued. LR/nt Lower risk/near threatened Species which are close to being classified as vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes. LR/lc Lower risk/least concern Species for which there are no identifiable risks.
Subclass: Theria
Infraclass: Eutheria
Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)
Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered. Family: Trichechidae Genus: Trichechus Amazonian manatee, Trichechus inunguis VU
Order: Cingulata (armadillos)
The armadillos are small mammals with a bony armored shell. They are native to the Americas. There are around 20 extant species. Family: Dasypodidae (armadillos) Subfamily: Dasypodinae Genus: Dasypus Greater long-nosed armadillo, Dasypus kappleri LC Nine-banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus LC Hairy long-nosed armadillo, Dasypus pilosus VU Subfamily: Tolypeutinae Genus: Cabassous Southern naked-tailed armadillo, Cabassous unicinctus LC Genus: Priodontes Giant armadillo, Priodontes maximus VU
Order: Pilosa (anteaters, sloths and tamanduas)
The order Pilosa is extant only in the Americas and includes the anteaters, sloths, and tamanduas. Suborder: Folivora Family: Bradypodidae (three-toed sloths) Genus: Bradypus Brown-throated three-toed sloth, Bradypus variegatus LC Family: Choloepodidae (two-toed sloths) Genus: Choloepus Linnaeus's two-toed sloth, Choloepus didactylus LC Hoffmann's two-toed sloth, Choloepus hoffmanni LC Suborder: Vermilingua Family: Cyclopedidae Genus: Cyclopes Silky anteater, Cyclopes didactylus LC Family: Myrmecophagidae (American anteaters) Genus: Myrmecophaga Giant anteater, Myrmecophaga tridactyla NT Genus: Tamandua Northern tamandua, Tamandua mexicana LC Southern tamandua, Tamandua tetradactyla LC
Order: Primates
The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes. Suborder: Haplorhini Infraorder: Simiiformes Parvorder: Platyrrhini (New World monkeys) Family: Cebidae Subfamily: Callitrichinae Genus: Callithrix Pygmy marmoset, Cebuella pygmaea LC Genus: Leontocebus Brown-mantled tamarin, Leontocebus fuscicollis LC Illiger's saddle-back tamarin, Leontocebus illigeri LC Red-mantled saddle-back tamarin, Leontocebus lagonotus LC Andean saddle-back tamarin, Leontocebus leucogenys LC Black-mantled tamarin, Leonotcebus nigricollis LC Geoffroy's saddle-back tamarin, Leontocebus nigrifrons LC Golden-mantled tamarin, Leontocebus tripartitus LC Weddell's saddle-back tamarin, Leontocebus weddelli LC Genus: Saguinus Emperor tamarin, Saguinus imperator LC White-lipped tamarin, Saguinus labiatus LC Moustached tamarin, Saguinus mystax LC Genus: Callimico Goeldi's marmoset, Callimico goeldii VU Subfamily: Cebinae Genus: Cebus Humboldt's white-fronted capuchin, Cebus albifrons LC Shock-headed capuchin, Cebus cuscinus NT Spix's white-fronted capuchin, Cebus unicolor Marañón white-fronted capuchin, Cebus yuracus Genus: Sapajus Large-headed capuchin, Sapajus macrocephalus LC Genus: Saimiri Black-capped squirrel monkey, Saimiri boliviensis LC Humboldt's squirrel monkey, Saimiri cassiquiarensis Family: Aotidae Genus: Aotus Peruvian night monkey, Aotus miconax VU Nancy Ma's night monkey, Aotus nancymaae LC Black-headed night monkey, Aotus nigriceps LC Spix's night monkey, Aotus vociferans LC Family: Pitheciidae Subfamily: Callicebinae Genus: Callicebus Brown titi, Callicebus brunneus LC Coppery titi, Callicebus cupreus LC White-tailed titi, Callicebus discolor LC Lucifer titi, Callicebus lucifer LC Rio Mayo titi, Callicebus oenanthe VU Subfamily: Pitheciinae Genus: Pithecia Equatorial saki, Pithecia aequatorialis LR/lc Rio Tapajós saki, Pithecia irrorata LC Monk saki, Pithecia monachus LC Genus: Cacajao Bald uakari, Cacajao calvus NT Family: Atelidae Subfamily: Alouattinae Genus: Alouatta Mantled howler, Alouatta palliata LC Venezuelan red howler, Alouatta seniculus LC Subfamily: Atelinae Genus: Ateles White-fronted spider monkey, Ateles belzebuth VU Peruvian spider monkey, Ateles chamek LC Genus: Lagothrix Gray woolly monkey, Lagothrix cana NT Yellow-tailed woolly monkey, Lagothrix flavicauda CR Brown woolly monkey, Lagothrix lagothricha LR/lc Silvery woolly monkey, Lagothrix poeppigii NT
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to . Suborder: Hystricognathi Family: Erethizontidae (New World porcupines) Subfamily: Erethizontinae Genus: Coendou Bicolor-spined porcupine, Coendou bicolor LR/lc Family: Chinchillidae (viscachas and chinchillas) Genus: Chinchilla Short-tailed chinchilla, Chinchilla chinchilla EN extirpated Genus: Lagidium Northern viscacha, Lagidium peruanum LR/lc Southern viscacha, Lagidium viscacia D Family: Dinomyidae (pacarana) Genus: Dinomys Pacarana, Dinomys branickii VU Family: Caviidae (guinea pigs) Subfamily: Caviinae Genus: Cavia Guinea pig, Cavia porcellus LR/lc Montane guinea pig, Cavia tschudii LR/lc Genus: Galea Common yellow-toothed cavy, Galea musteloides LR/lc Subfamily: Hydrochoerinae (capybaras and rock cavies) Genus: Hydrochoerus Capybara, Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris LR/lc Family: Dasyproctidae (agoutis and pacas) Genus: Dasyprocta Black agouti, Dasyprocta fuliginosa LR/lc Kalinowski agouti, Dasyprocta kalinowskii DD Central American agouti, Dasyprocta punctata LR/lc Genus: Myoprocta Red acouchi, Myoprocta acouchy LR/lc Red acouchi, Myoprocta exilis DD Family: Cuniculidae Genus: Cuniculus Lowland paca, Cuniculus paca LC Mountain paca, Cuniculus taczanowskii NT Family: Ctenomyidae Genus: Ctenomys White-toothed tuco-tuco, Ctenomys leucodon LR/lc Highland tuco-tuco, Ctenomys opimus LR/lc Peruvian tuco-tuco, Ctenomys peruanus LR/lc Family: Abrocomidae Genus: Abrocoma Ashy chinchilla rat, Abrocoma cinerea LR/lc Family: Echimyidae Subfamily: Dactylomyinae Genus: Dactylomys Bolivian bamboo rat, Dactylomys boliviensis LR/lc Amazon bamboo rat, Dactylomys dactylinus LR/lc Montane bamboo rat, Dactylomys peruanus DD Subfamily: Echimyinae Genus: Echimys Peruvian tree-rat, Echimys rhipidurus DD Dark spiny tree-rat, Echimys saturnus LR/lc Genus: Isothrix Yellow-crowned brush-tailed rat, Isothrix bistriata LR/nt Genus: Pattonomys Bare-tailed armored tree-rat, Pattonomys occasius CR Subfamily: Eumysopinae Genus: Mesomys Ferreira's spiny tree rat, Mesomys hispidus LR/lc Woolly-headed spiny tree-rat, Mesomys leniceps LR/lc Genus: Proechimys Short-tailed spiny rat, Proechimys brevicauda LR/lc Cuvier's spiny rat, Proechimys cuvieri LR/lc Pacific spiny rat, Proechimys decumanus LR/lc Long-tailed spiny rat, Proechimys longicaudatus LR/lc Napo spiny rat, Proechimys quadruplicatus LR/lc Simon's spiny rat, Proechimys simonsi LR/lc Steere's spiny rat, Proechimys steerei LR/lc Suborder: Sciurognathi Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) Subfamily: Sciurillinae Genus: Sciurillus Neotropical pygmy squirrel, Sciurillus pusillus LR/lc Subfamily: Sciurinae Tribe: Sciurini Genus: Microsciurus Amazon dwarf squirrel, Microsciurus flaviventer LR/lc Genus: Sciurus Bolivian squirrel, Sciurus ignitus LR/lc Northern Amazon red squirrel, Sciurus igniventris LR/lc Junín red squirrel, Sciurus pyrrhinus LR/lc Sanborn's squirrel, Sciurus sanborni LR/nt Southern Amazon red squirrel, Sciurus spadiceus LR/lc Guayaquil squirrel, Sciurus stramineus LR/lc Family: Cricetidae Subfamily: Sigmodontinae Genus: Abrothrix Andean altiplano mouse, Abrothrix andinus LR/lc Jelski's altiplano mouse, Abrothrix jelskii LR/lc Genus: Aegialomys Yellowish oryzomys, Aegialomys xanthaeolus LR/lc Genus: Akodon Highland grass mouse, Akodon aerosus LR/lc White-bellied grass mouse, Akodon albiventer LR/lc Bolivian grass mouse, Akodon boliviensis LR/lc Smoky grass mouse, Akodon fumeus LR/lc Junin grass mouse, Akodon juninensis LR/lc Koford's grass mouse, Akodon kofordi LR/lc Thespian grass mouse, Akodon mimus LR/lc Soft grass mouse, Akodon mollis LR/lc El Dorado grass mouse, Akodon orophilus LR/lc Altiplano grass mouse, Akodon puer LR/lc Puno grass mouse, Akodon subfuscus LR/lc Silent grass mouse, Akodon surdus LR/lc Cloud forest grass mouse, Akodon torques LR/lc Genus: Andinomys Andean mouse, Andinomys edax LR/lc Genus: Auliscomys Bolivian big-eared mouse, Auliscomys boliviensis LR/lc Painted big-eared mouse, Auliscomys pictus LR/lc Andean big-eared mouse, Auliscomys sublimis LR/lc Genus: Calomys Andean vesper mouse, Calomys lepidus LR/lc Peruvian vesper mouse, Calomys sorellus LR/lc Genus: Chibchanomys Chibchan water mouse, Chibchanomys trichotis LR/nt Genus: Chinchillula Altiplano chincilla mouse, Chinchillula sahamae LR/lc Genus: Eligmodontia Andean gerbil mouse, Eligmodontia puerulus LR/lc Genus: Eremoryzomys Gray rice rat, Eremoryzomys polius LR/lc Genus: Euryoryzomys MacConnell's rice rat, Euryoryzomys macconnelli LR/lc Elegant rice rat, Euryoryzomys nitidus LR/lc Genus: Galenomys Garlepp's mouse, Galenomys garleppi LR/lc Genus: Handleyomys Black-eared rice rat, Handleyomys melanotis DD Genus: Holochilus Amazonian marsh rat, Holochilus sciureus LR/lc Genus: Hylaeamys Western Amazonian oryzomys, Hylaeamys perenensis LC Yungas rice rat, Hylaeamys yunganus LR/lc Genus: Ichthyomys Stolzmann's crab-eating rat, Ichthyomys stolzmanni LR/lc Genus: Lenoxus Andean rat, Lenoxus apicalis LR/nt Genus: Melanomys Zuniga's dark rice rat, Melanomys zunigae LR/lc Genus: Microryzomys Highland small rice rat, Microryzomys altissimus LR/lc Forest small rice rat, Microryzomys minutus LR/lc Genus: Neacomys Northern bristly mouse, Neacomys spinosus LR/lc Narrow-footed bristly mouse, Neacomys tenuipes LR/lc Genus: Necromys Pleasant bolo mouse, Necromys amoenus LR/lc Genus: Nectomys Western Amazonian nectomys, Nectomys apicalis LC