This list shows the IUCN Red List status of the 93 mammal species occurring in Portugal. One of them is critically endangered, three are endangered, eleven are vulnerable, and one is near threatened. The following tags are used to highlight each species' status as assessed on the respective IUCN Red List published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing.
Suborder: Sciurognathi Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) Subfamily: Sciurinae Genus: Sciurus Red squirrel, S. vulgaris Family: Gliridae (dormice) Subfamily: Leithiinae Genus: Eliomys Garden dormouse, E. quercinus Family: Cricetidae (hamsters, voles, lemmings) Subfamily: Arvicolinae Genus: Arvicola Southwestern water vole, A. sapidus European water vole, A. amphibius Genus: Microtus Cabrera's vole, M. cabrerae Field vole, M. agrestis LC Mediterranean pine vole, M. duodecimcostatus LC Lusitanian pine vole, M. lusitanicus LC Family: Muridae (mice and rats) Subfamily: Murinae Genus: Apodemus Wood mouse, A. sylvaticus LC Genus: Mus House mouse, M. musculus LC Algerian mouse, M. spretus LC Genus: Rattus Black rat, R. rattus Brown rat, R. norvegicus LC
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares) Genus: Oryctolagus European rabbit, O. cuniculus Genus: Lepus Granada hare, L. granatensis
Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.
Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs) Subfamily: Erinaceinae Genus: Erinaceus West European hedgehog, E. europaeus
Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
The Soricomorpha are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers. Family: Soricidae (shrews) Subfamily: Crocidurinae Genus: Crocidura Greater white-toothed shrew, C. russula Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens Genus: Suncus Etruscan shrew, S. etruscus LC Subfamily: Soricinae Tribe: Nectogalini Genus: Neomys Southern water shrew, N. anomalus LC Tribe: Soricini Genus: Sorex Iberian shrew, S. granarius LC Eurasian pygmy shrew, S. minutus LC Family: Talpidae (moles) Subfamily: Talpinae Tribe: Desmanini Genus: Galemys Pyrenean desman, G. pyrenaicus Tribe: Talpini Genus: Talpa Iberian mole, T. occidentalis LC
Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. Family: Vespertilionidae Subfamily: Myotinae Genus: Myotis Bechstein's bat, M. bechsteini Greater mouse-eared bat, M. myotis Daubenton's bat, M. daubentonii Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus Escalera's bat, M. escalerai Whiskered bat, M. mystacinus Natterer's bat, M. nattereri Subfamily: Vespertilioninae Genus: Barbastella Western barbastelle, B. barbastellus Genus: Eptesicus Serotine bat, E. serotinus LC Genus: Nyctalus Greater noctule bat, N. lasiopterus Lesser noctule, N. leisleri Azores noctule, N. azoreum VU Genus: Pipistrellus Madeira pipistrelle, P. maderensis VU Genus: Plecotus Brown long-eared bat, P. auritus Grey long-eared bat, P. austriacus LC Family: Miniopteridae Genus: Miniopterus Common bent-wing bat, M. schreibersii Family: Molossidae Genus: Tadarida European free-tailed bat, T. teniotis Family: Rhinolophidae Subfamily: Rhinolophinae Genus: Rhinolophus Mediterranean horseshoe bat, R. euryale Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros Mehely's horseshoe bat, R. mehelyi
Order: Cetacea (whales)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
Suborder: Mysticeti Family: Balaenidae Genus: Eubalaena North Atlantic right whale, E. glacialis EN Family: Balaenopteridae Subfamily: Balaenopterinae Genus: Balaenoptera Fin whale, B. physalus EN Blue whale, B. musculus EN Suborder: Odontoceti Superfamily: Platanistoidea Family: Phocoenidae Genus: Phocoena Harbour porpoise, P. phocoena VU Family: Physeteridae Genus: Physeter Sperm whale, P. macrocephalus VU Family: Kogiidae Genus: Kogia Pygmy sperm whale, K. breviceps DD Dwarf sperm whale, K. sima LC Family: Ziphidae Genus: Ziphius Cuvier's beaked whale, Z. cavirostris DD Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae Genus: Hyperoodon Bottlenose whale, H. ampullatus DD Genus: Mesoplodon Sowerby's beaked whale, M. bidens DD Blainville's beaked whale, M. densirostris DD True's beaked whale, M. mirus DD Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins) Genus: Lagenorhynchus White-beaked dolphin, Lagenorhynchus albirostris LC Genus: Leucopleurus Atlantic white-sided dolphin, Leucopleurus acutus LC Genus: Steno Rough-toothed dolphin, S. bredanensis DD Genus: Tursiops Bottlenose dolphin, T. truncatus DD Genus: Stenella Striped dolphin, S. coeruleoalba DD Atlantic spotted dolphin, S. frontalis DD Genus: Delphinus Short-beaked common dolphin, D. delphis VU Genus: Grampus Risso's dolphin, G. griseus DD Genus: Feresa Pygmy killer whale, F. attenuata DD Genus: Pseudorca False killer whale, P. crassidens LC Genus: Orcinus Orca O. orca DD Genus: Globicephala Short-finned pilot whale, G. macrorhynchus LC Long-finned pilot whale, G. melas LC
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which primarily eat meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. Suborder: Feliformia Family: Felidae (cats) Subfamily: Felinae Genus: Felis European wildcat, F. silvestris Genus: Lynx Iberian lynx, L. pardinus reintroduced Family: Viverridae Subfamily: Viverrinae Genus: Genetta Common genet, G. genetta introduced Family: Herpestidae Genus: Herpestes Egyptian mongoose, H. ichneumon Suborder: Caniformia Family: Canidae (dogs and foxes) Genus: Vulpes Red fox, V. vulpes Genus: Canis Gray wolf, C. lupus Iberian wolf, C. l. signatus Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) Genus: Lutra European otter, L. lutra Genus: Martes Beech marten, M. foina European pine marten, M. martes Genus: Meles European badger, M. meles Genus: Mustela Stoat, M. erminea Least weasel, M. nivalis European polecat, M. putorius Genus: Neogale American mink, N. vison introduced Family: Phocidae (earless seals) Genus: Cystophora Hooded seal, C. cristata Genus: Erignathus Bearded seal, Erignathus barbatus LC Genus: Monachus Mediterranean monk seal, M. monachus Madeira only Genus: Phoca Common seal, P. vitulina LC Genus: Pusa Ringed seal, P. hispida LC
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
Family: Cervidae Subfamily: Cervinae Genus: Cervus Red deer, C. elaphus Genus: Dama European fallow deer, D. dama LC introduced Subfamily: Capreolinae Genus: Capreolus Roe deer, C. capreolus Family: Bovidae Subfamily: Caprinae Genus: Capra Spanish ibex, C. pyrenaica reintroduced Portuguese ibex, C. p. lusitanica Western Spanish ibex, C. p. victoriae introduced Family: Suidae Genus: Sus Wild boar, S. scrofa
Locally extinct
The following species are locally extinct in the country: Brown bear, Ursus arctos Common noctule, Nyctalus noctula Eurasian beaver, Castor fiber Wild horse, Equus ferus (zebro)Pascual Barea, J. (2017). Equiferus hispanus o cebro ibérico: el caballo salvaje de la Península Ibérica desde la Antigüedad a época Moderna.Pascual Barea, J. (2021). Equiferi y aquifolia: Cebros y acebos en la toponimia de la península ibérica.
See also List of chordate orders List of prehistoric mammals Lists of mammals by region Mammal classification List of mammals described in the 2000s
References
External links