Tlilpotonqui or Tlilpotoncatzin (died in the year 11 Reed/1503) was the second cihuacoatl ('president') of Mexico-Tenochtitlan.
Tlilpotoncatzin was the second son of Tlacaelel and Maquiztzin. His father was a son of the second tlatoani ('ruler' or 'king') of Tenochtitlan, Huitzilihuitl. While Tlacaelel never became tlatoani himself, as cihuacoatl he played a significant role in the creation of the Aztec Empire. His mother was the daughter of Huehue Quetzalmacatzin, king of Itztlacozauhcan in Amaquemecan Chalco.Chimalpahin (1997): vol. 1, pp. 49, 141–143. Tlilpotoncatzin succeeded his father as cihuacoatl upon his death in the year 8 Reed (1487).Chimalpahin (1997): vol. 1, p. 53; vol. 2, p. 35.
According to the Crónica mexicayotl of Fernando Alvarado Tezozomoc, composed around 1598, Tlilpotoncatzin was a great, brave warrior. In battle he wore the quetzalpatzactli, a crest of quetzal feathers.Chimalpahin (1997): vol. 1, p. 145.
Tlilpotoncatzin took at least two wives, both from Amaquemecan: Xiuhtoztzin, the daughter of Yaopaintzin, quauhtlatoani of Tequanipan Huixtoco; and Quauhtlamiyahualtzin, a noblewoman from Acxotlan Cihuateopan.Chimalpahin (1997): vol. 1., p. 153. He fathered fourteen children, eleven males and three females.Chimalpahin (1997): vol. 1, p. 143. A son by Xiuhtoztzin, Miccacalcatl Tlatletecuintzin, was installed as the ruler of Tequanipan;Chimalpahin (1997): vol. 1, p. 157; vol. 2, p. 89. and one of his daughters, Tzihuacxochitzin II, married Moctezuma II, and gave birth to Leonor Moctezuma and María Moctezuma.Chimalpahin (1997): vol. 1, pp. 55, 143, 163; vol. 2., p. 109.
Tlilpotoncatzin died in the year 11 Reed (1503).Chimalpahin (1997): vol. 1, p. 157; vol. 2, p. 37. He was succeeded by his nephew Tlacaelel II, the son of his elder brother Cacamatzin.Chimalpahin (1997): vol. 1, p. 55; vol. 2, p. 37.
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