Oldenlandia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is pantropical in distribution and has about 240 species.Inge Groeninckx, Steven Dessein, Helga Ochoterena, Claes Persson, Timothy J. Motley, Jesper Kårehed, Birgitta Bremer, Suzy Huysmans, and Erik Smets. 2009. "Phylogeny of the herbaceous tribe Spermacoceae (Rubiaceae) based on plastid DNA data". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 96(1):109–132.David J. Mabberley. 2008. Mabberley's Plant-Book third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. The type species for the genus is Oldenlandia corymbosa.Oldenlandia In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile (see External links below).
Oldenlandia was named by Linnaeus in 1753 in Species Plantarum.Carolus Linnaeus. 1753. Species Plantarum 1:119. Laurentii Salvii. (see External Links below). The name honors the Danish botanist Henrik Bernard Oldenland (1697).Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, volume III. CRC Press: Baton Rouge, New York, London, Washington DC. (vol. III). (see External links below). Some species are important in ethnomedicine; a number (usually island endemics) are threatened species, with one species and one variety being completely extinct already.
Some botanists have not recognized Oldenlandia, but have placed some or all of its species in a broadly defined Hedyotis. More recently, the circumscription of Hedyotis has been narrowed to a monophyletic group of about 115 species and no longer includes Oldenlandia.Jesper Kårehed, Inge Groeninckx, Steven Dessein, Timothy J. Motley, and Birgitta Bremer. 2008. "The phylogenetic utility of chloroplast and nuclear DNA markers and the phylogeny of the Rubiaceae tribe Spermacoceae". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 49(3):843–866. The genus Oldenlandia, as presently defined, is several times polyphyletic and will eventually be reduced to a group of species closely related to the type species. This group, known informally as Oldenlandia sensu stricto, is sister to a section of Kohautia that will eventually be separated from Kohautia and named as a new genus.
Selected species 164 species are accepted. Selected species include:
Oldenlandia adscensionis (extinct: 1889) Oldenlandia aegialodes Bremek. Oldenlandia affinis Oldenlandia albonervia (Beddome) Gamble Oldenlandia aretioides Oldenlandia balfourii Oldenlandia bicornuta Oldenlandia cana Bremek. Oldenlandia capensis Oldenlandia cornata Craib Oldenlandia corymbosa L. Oldenlandia forcipistipula Verdc. Oldenlandia lanceolata Craib Oldenlandia microtheca (Cham. & Schltdl.) DC. Oldenlandia ocellata Oldenlandia oxycoccoides Bremek. Oldenlandia patula Bremek. Oldenlandia pulvinata Oldenlandia sieberi Baker Oldenlandia sieberi var. congesta Oldenlandia sieberi var. sieberi (extinct) Oldenlandia umbellata Oldenlandia uvinsae Verdc. Oldenlandia vasudevanii
Formerly placed here Scleromitrion diffusum (as Oldenlandia diffusa )
References
External links Oldenlandia At: Search Page At: World Checklist of Rubiaceae At: Index by Team At: Projects At: Science Directory At: Scientific Research and Data At: Kew Gardens Oldenlandia At:Index Nominum Genericorum At: References At: NMNH Department of Botany Oldenlandia In: Species Plantarum At: Biodiversity Heritage Library CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: M-Q At: Botany & Plant Science At: Life Science At: CRC Press