The green mango (Anthracothorax viridis), most commonly known in Spanish as zumbador verdeZumbador Verde. Sociedad Ornitológica Puertorriqueña Inc. 2009. Obtenido 20 de septiembre de 2013. and colibrí verde, is a large species of hummingbird in the subfamily Polytminae, endemic to the main island of Puerto Rico.HBW and BirdLife International (2020) Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world Version 5. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v5_Dec20.zip [.xls zipped 1 MB] retrieved May 27, 2021
Taxonomy and systematics
The green mango's relationship to the other species of genus Anthracothorax has not been settled.Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2021. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2021. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ Retrieved August 25, 2021 The species is monotypic.
Description
The green mango is long and weighs about . The sexes are alike except that the female has a tiny white spot behind the eye. Adults' upperparts are emerald green, their underparts metallic blue-green, and their tail metallic blue-black with white tips to its feathers. Immatures have a brownish tinge to the head and back.Schuchmann, K.L. and P. F. D. Boesman (2020). Green Mango (Anthracothorax viridis), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.greman1.01 retrieved January 18, 2022
Distribution and habitat
The green mango is found only on Puerto Rico. It primarily inhabits forests and plantations in the central and western mountains and is most common between of elevation. It is rare in coastal areas.
Behavior Movement
The green mango makes altitudinal movements in response to seasonal changes in the timing of flowering.
Feeding
The green mango feeds on both nectar and arthropods. It takes nectar from a wide variety of flowering trees, shrubs, and vines, and males defend flowering trees. Insects are mostly taken on the wing and spiders from leaves and bark. It forages from the low understory to above tree-top level.
Breeding
The green mango's nesting season spans from October to May. It makes a cup nest of soft plant fiber with lichen on the outside. It is attached to a vertical branch, usually at least above the ground. The clutch size is two eggs. The incubation period and time to fledging are not known.
Vocalization
The green mango is not highly vocal. It does have a song, "a repeated high-pitched phrase commencing with a drawn-out buzz, 'szzzzz-szi-szi-chup-tsz-tsz.....'." Its calls include "a repeated short 'tsik' and a high-pitched twittering trill." It makes harsh rattles and chatters during agonistic encounters.
Status
The IUCN has assessed the green mango as being of Least Concern, though its population size and trend are not known. It is considered common in the mountains and "readily accepts man-made habitats" such as coffee platations.
References
See also
Fauna of Puerto Rico List of birds of Puerto Rico List of endemic fauna of Puerto Rico List of birds of Vieques El Toro Wilderness Mango Green typically refers to unripe or partially ripe mangoes that are still green in color.