The following is a list of monarchs of Arakan, covering the monarchs of the major kingdoms of Arakanese that existed in the present day Rakhine State.
For the Dhanyawadi and Waithali periods, various royal chronicles suggest that the dynasties were likely influenced by Indian rulers, with legends originating it from Sanskrit or Pali sources. These chronicles often connect the rulers to Indian Kingdoms. However, many of these accounts are also a blend of myths and historically based legendary figures, with different chronicles presenting varying dates and lists of kings.
Early Periods (2666 BCE) See List of early and legendary monarchs of Arakan Lemro Period (818–1406) Unless otherwise noted, the regnal dates in this section are abbreviated to the first Western calendar year only although the Burmese calendar straddles the Western calendar. For example, the start of King Khittathin's reign, 380 ME (26 March 1018 to 25 March 1019 CE), is shown here only as 1018 (instead of 1018/19). While Arakanese Chronicles shows the dates of reign of Khittathin are from 818 (26 March 180 to 25 March 828 CE). Pyinsa (818–1103) Monarch Reign Relationship Notes Khittathin 818–828 founder grandnephew of Chula Taing Sanda/son of Sandaku Sandathin 828–843 brother Min Yin Phyu 843–873 son Naga Thuriya 873–904 son Thuriya Raza 904–936 son Ponnaka 936–969 son Min Gyiphyu 969–984 son Sithabin 984–986 usurper Min Nangyi 986–1014 son of Min Phyugyi Min Lade 1014–1034 son Min Kala 1043–1062 son Min Bilu 1062–1068 son Thinkhaya 1068–1076 Chief of the Thet People usurper Min Than 1076–1090 son Min Pati 1190–1103 son
Parein (1103–1167)
Monarch Reign Relationship Notes Letya Min Nan 1103–1109 grandson of Min Bilu/son of Min Re-baya Pagan nominee; 1118 ascension per Pagan dates Thihaba 1109–1110 son Razagyi 1110–1112 son Thagiwin I 1112–1115 son Thagiwin II 1115–1133 son Kawliya 1133–1153 son Built the Mahâti Temple Datharaza 1153–1165 sonHistorians called him as the "Ashoka of Arakan" Ananthiri 1165–1167 son
Hkrit (1167–1180)
Monarch Reign Relationship Notes Minpunsa 1167–1174 brother son of Datharaza Pyinsakawa 1174–1176 son Danayupok 1176–1179 son Salinkabo 1179–1180 usurper
Nyeinzara Toungoo (1180–1237)
Monarch Reign Relationship Notes Misuthin 1180–1191 son of Danayupok Ngaranman 1191–1193 son Ngapogan 1193–1195 son Ngarakhaing 1195–1198 son Ngakyon 1198–1201 son Ngasu 1201–1205 son Swe Thin 1205–1206 son Minkhaung I 1206–1207 brother Minkhaung II 1207–1208 son Kabalaung I 1208–1209 son Kabalaung II 1209–1210 son Letya I 1210–1218 son Letya II 1218–1229 son Thanabin 1229–1232 son Nganathin 1232–1234 son Nganalon 1234–1250 son
Launggyet (1251–1406)
Monarch Reign Relationship Notes Alawmaphyu 1250–1256 son of Nganalon Founder Razathu I 1256–1258 son Saw Lu 1258–1261 son Uzana I 1261–1269 son Saw Mon I 1269–1273 son Nankyargyi 1273–1277 son Min Bilu 1277–1280 son Sithabin I 1283- usurper Min Hti 1283–1389 son of Min Bilu Uzana II 1389–1391 son Thiwarit 1391–1392 younger half-brother son of Min Hti Thinhse 1392–1394 younger brother son of Min Hti Razathu II 1394–1395 son grandson of Min Hti Sithabin II 1395–1397 usurper Myinhseingyi 1397 usurper Razathu II 1397–1401 restored Theinkhathu 1401–1404 brother son of Thinshe Saw Mon II 1404–1406 nephew son of Razathu II Great Grandson of Min Hti
Interregnum (1406–1429)
North Arakan {| width=100% class="wikitable" |- ! style="background-color:#B9D1FF" width=10% | Name ! style="background-color:#B9D1FF" width=5% | Image ! style="background-color:#B9D1FF" width=10% | Reign From ! style="background-color:#B9D1FF" width=10% | Reign Until ! style="background-color:#B9D1FF" width=10% | Relationship with predecessor(s) |- | Anawrahta | | after 29 November 1406 | March 1408 | Ava's vassal |- | Min Khayi or Min Saw Mon | | March 1408 | early 1411 | Hanthawaddy's vassal Min Khayi per Rakhine Razawin Thit; Min Saw Mon, per Razadarit AyedawbonPan Hla 2005: 240 |- | Thray Sithu | | 1408 [sic] | 1409 [sic] | Vassal ruler of Ava per Rakhine Razawin Thit''';RRT Vol. 2 1999: 10 Not found in Burmese chronicles, which say Arakan was not under Ava rule during this period |- | Letya | | early 1411 | early 1412 | Governor-general of North Arakan (Ava's vassal) |- | Naranu | | 1412 | 18 April 1429 | Ruler at Launnggyet (Hanthawaddy's vassal to 1421) |- | Kyaswa | | 1413 | 1416 | Ruler at Khway-Thin Taung (Ava's vassal) according to Rakhine Razawin Thit'; not found in Burmese chronicles
Sandoway (Thandwe) Name Image Reign From Reign Until Relationship with predecessor(s) Sokkate early 1411 early 1412 Governor-general of Sandoway (Ava's vassal) Thon-Ywa-Za 1412? 1436? Hanthawaddy's vassal to 1421 Saw Yin Mi Saw Yandameit Baya Minye 1436? 1437 Co-regents
Mrauk U (1429–1785)
The reign dates are per the Arakanese chronicle Rakhine Razawin Thit'' (Sandamala Linkara Vol. 2 1931), converted into Western dates using (Eade 1989). (Some Arakanese chronicles state the foundation of the kingdom a year later, 1430. Moreover, the end of the kingdom is given per Burmese records, 2 January 1785. Arakanese records give a day earlier, 1 January 1785.)
Name Image Reign From Reign Until Relationship with predecessor(s) Narameikhla 18 April 1429 9 May 1433 Founder Naranu 9 May 1433 c. January 1459 Brother Ba Saw Phyu c. January 1459 5 August 1482 Son Dawlya 5 August 1482 c. February 1492 Son Ba Saw Nyo c. February 1492 c. January 1494 uncle, son of Khayi Ran Aung c. January 1494 c. July 1494 Grandnephew, son of Dawlya Salingathu c. July 1494 February 1502 Maternal uncle Raza February 1502 c. November 1513 Son Gazapati c. November 1513 January 1515 Son Saw O January 1515 July 1515 Granduncle; brother of Salingathu Thazata July 1515 c. April 1521 Son of Dawlya Minkhaung c. April 1521 27 May 1531 Younger Brother Min Bin 27 May 1531 11 January 1554 Son of Min Raza Dikkha 11 January 1554 6 March 1556 Son Saw Hla 6 March 1556 24 July 1564 Son Sekkya 24 July 1564 7 February 1572 Brother Hpalaung 7 February 1572 4 July 1593 Son of Min Bin Razagyi 4 July 1593 4 July 1612 Son Khamaung 4 July 1612 14 May 1622 Son Thiri Thudhamma 14 May 1622 29 May 1638 Son Sanay 29 May 1638 17 June 1638 Son Narapati 17 June 1638 13 December 1645 Great grandson of Min Bin Thado 13 December 1645 c. May 1652 Son Sanda Thudhamma c. May 1652 11 June 1674 Son Uggabala 11 June 1674 16 April 1685 Son Wara Dhamma 16 April 1685 20 June 1692 Brother Mani Dhamma 20 June 1692 20 December 1694 Elder brother Sanda Thuriya I 20 December 1694 4 August 1696 Brother Nawrahta 4 August 1696 18 August 1696 Son Mayuppiya 18 August 1696 13 May 1697 Usurper Kalamandat 16 May 1697 5 June 1698 Usurper Naradipati 5 June 1698 17 June 1700 Son of Sanda Thuriya Sanda Wimala I 18 June 1700 30 March 1707 Grandson of Thado Sanda Thuriya II 3 April 1707 September 1710 Grandson of Sanda ThudhammaInterregnum ~2 months Sanda Wizaya November 1710 April 1731 Usurper Sanda Thuriya III April 1731 1734 Son-in-law Naradipati II 1734 1735 Son Narapawara 1735 September 1737 Usurper Sanda Wizala September 1737 25 March 1738 Cousin Madarit 28 March 1738 6 February 1743 Brother Nara Apaya 6 February 1743 28 October 1761 Uncle Thirithu 28 October 1761 3 February 1762 Son Sanda Parama 3 February 1762 1 May 1764 Brother Apaya 1 May 1764 17 January 1774 Brother-in-law Sanda Thumana 17 January 1774 5 May 1777 Brother-in-law Sanda Wimala II 6 May 1777 5 June 1777 Usurper Sanda Thaditha 5 June 1777 1 December 1782 Usurper Maha Thammada 2 December 1782 2 January 1785 nephew in-law
See also List of Burmese monarchs List of heirs to the Burmese thrones
References
Bibliography
External sources