Nonthaburi is one of the central provinces (changwat) of Thailand, established by the Act Establishing Changwat Samut Prakan, Changwat Nonthaburi, Changwat Samut Sakhon and Changwat Nakhon Nayok, Buddhist Era 2489 (1946), which came into force on 9 May 1946 (Thursday).
Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Pathum Thani, Bangkok, and Nakhon Pathom. Nonthaburi is the most densely populated province after Bangkok. The Bang Kwang Central Prison is in the province.
Geography The province of Nonthaburi is located on the Chao Phraya River basin in central Thailand. It borders Bangkok to the south and to the east, the provinces of Pathum Thani and Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya to the north, and Nakhon Pathom to the west. The province is part of the greater Bangkok Metropolitan Region. With an area of , it is the third smallest province in the country by land area.
In most parts, the provice is as urbanized as the capital, and the boundary between the two provinces is nearly unrecognizable. There is no forest area in the province.
Climate Nonthaburi province has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification category Aw). Winters are dry and warm. Temperatures rise until May. The monsoon season runs from May through October, with heavy rain and somewhat cooler temperatures during the day, although nights remain warm. Climate statistics: the maximum temperature is in April and the lowest temperature is in December. The highest average temperature is and the minimum average temperature is . Annual total rainfall was with total 112 rainy days. Maximum daily rainfall was on September 20, 2024.
History
Nonthaburi was declared a city in the middle of the 16th century. It was previously a village named Talat Khwan. During the reign of King Prasat Thong, a canal was dug to create a shortcut for the flow of the Chao Phraya. The river changed its flow into the new canal, which is still the riverbed today. In 1665 King Narai built a fortress, as the shorter river course was giving enemies an easier route to the capital, Ayutthaya. The town was then moved near the fortress.
From 1943 to 1946 the province was incorporated into Bangkok.
Symbols The provincial seal shows earthenware, a traditional product of Nonthaburi. The provincial tree and flower is the yellow flame tree (Peltophorum pterocarpum). Nonthaburi is a province where the Chao Phraya River crosses from north to south, and on the ground, the Chao Phraya giant catfish (Pangasius sanitwongsei) is the provincial aquatic life.
The provincial slogan translates to "Grand royal mansion, renowned Suan Somdet, Ko Kret's pottery, famous ancient temples, tasty durians, and the beautiful government office". The royal mansion is a reference to Phra Tamnak Nonthaburi in Mueang Nonthaburi District, the former residence of Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn. Princess Mother Srinagarindra Garden (Suan Somdet) is a water garden with a statue of princess Srinagarindra in the Pak Kret District. The provincial administration building once received an award as the most beautiful such building by the Ministry of Interior.
Demography Population Population history of Nonthaburi province is as follows: 1947 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 135,537 196,000 254,000 386,741 668,760 816,614 1,334,083 1,276,745
Religion Most people in Nonthaburi province are Buddhist, 96.1%, followed by Islam, 3.1%.Other religions are: Christianity 0.59%, Confucianism, Sikhism and others 0.07%, and Hinduism 0.05%.
There are total 198 Theravada Buddhist temples in the province, of which 189 Maha Nikai and 9 Dhammayut temples. 52 Mueang Nonthaburi 50 Bang Kruai 41 Pak Kret 26 Bang Yai 15 Sai Noi 14 Bang Bua Thong
Further there are 38 Cristian churches and 19 Mosques in the province.
Administrative divisions
Provincial government The province is divided into six districts (amphoes).The districts are further subdivided into 52 subdistricts (tambons) and 395 villages (mubans). DistrictsPeopleSubdistrictsVillages 1Mueang Nonthaburi 356,701 10 32 2 Bang Kruai 156,626 9 603Bang Yai 175,294 6 69 4 Bang Bua Thong 299,858 8 81 5 Sai Noi 79,185 7 68 6 Pak Kret 254,616 12 85
Local government As of 20 March 2026 there are: one Nonthaburi Provincial Administrative Organization - PAO () and thirty-five municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. The capital Nonthaburi, Pak Kret and Bang Bua Thong have city (thesaban nakhon) status. Further twenty-two have town (thesaban mueang) status and ten subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon).
City municipalitiesPeople 2Pak Kret 187,449 1Nonthaburi 239,041 3Bang Bua Thong 52,518
Town municipalitiesPeople 1 Mai Bang Bua Thong 57,748 12 Sala Klang 25,689 2 Bang Mae Nang 53,168 13 Bang Krang 25,311 3 Phimon Rat 52,600 14 Sai Ma 24,674 4 Plai Bang 49,054 15 Bang Rak Noi 21,237 5 Bang Rak Pattana 46,065 16 Ban Bang Muang 18,7176 Bang Kruai 44,300 17 Tha It 18,663 7 Bang Khu Rat 41,558 18 Bang Len 18,564 8 Sao Thong Hin 40,539 19 Lam Pho 15,473 9 Bang Si Mueang 33,074 20 Bang Mai 14,12610 Sai Noi 31,993 21 Bang Phai 13,36411 Lahan 27,892 22 Bang Phlap 12,413
Subdistrict mun. People 1 Bang Yai 14,658 6 Khlong Phra Udom 6,862 2 Bang Si Thong 11,872 7 Sai Yai 6,501 3 Thawi Watthana 9,798 8 Bang Muang 5,876 4 Nong Phrao Ngai 8,266 9 Khun Si 5,264 5 Khlong Khwang 7,610 10 Sai Noi 1,973 The non-municipal areas are administered by 10 Subdistrict Administrative Organizations - SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon). MunicipalitiesCommunities Nonthaburi93 Bang Si Muang41
Education Educational institutions from primary to high education in Nonthaburi province is as follows:
High education Total four high education entities with 18,116 students.
Vocational education Total thirteen vocational colleges with 13,696 students.
Secondary education Total 40 upper secondary schools with 24,684 students. Total 31 lower secondary schools with 33,748 students.
Primary education Total 98 primary schools with 57,581 pupils.
Health Government hospitals There are eleven government hospitals in Nonthaburi province, of which Mueang Nonthaburi district has one regional hospital: Phra Nang Klao Hospital with 657 beds. There are seven community hospitals in the other five districts: Bang Yai Hospital 104 beds Bang Bua Thong Hospital 102 beds Pak Kret Hospital 87 beds Bang Kruai Hospital 60 beds Sai Noi Hospital 60 beds Nonthaburi Medical Center 30 beds Phimon Rat Hospital 30 beds Furthermore, there are three specialized hospitals in Mueang Nonthaburi district: Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute with 650 bedsPanyanathaphikku Chonprathan Medical Center with 400 beds.Central Chest Institute of Thailand with 400 beds.
Private hospitals There are thirteen private hospitals in Nonthaburi province: Mueang Nonthaburi Nonthavej Hospital 208 beds Mueang Nonthaburi Lelux Hospital 30 beds Mueang Nonthaburi Mind Med 18 beds Mueang Nonthaburi Rattanathibeth Medical Center 10 beds Mueang Nonthaburi Asia Cosmetic Hospital 6 beds Pak Kret World Medical Hospital 150 beds Pak Kret Krungthai Hospital 100 beds Pak Kret Vibharam Pakkret Hospital 100 beds Pak Kret Mitrmaitri Medical Center 11 beds Bang Yai Kasemrad Intern. Hospital Rattanathibeth 133 beds Beng Bua Thong Kasemrad Hospital Rattanathibeth 119 beds Bang Bua Thong Chollada Hospital 59 beds Bang Kruai Anan Phatthana 2 Hospital 50 beds
Health promoting hospitals There are total 78 health-promoting hospitals in the province, of which: 16 in Mueang Nonthaburi, 15 in Bang Bua Thong, 15 in Pak Kret, 13 in Sai Noi, 11 in Bang Kruai and 8 in Bang Yai districts.
Clinics Around 743 clinics are in Nonthaburi province, of which 334 clinics in Mueang Nonthaburi, 184 Pak Kret, 93 Bang Bua Thong, 64 Bang Yai, 59 Bang Kruai and 9 Sai Noi districts.
Economy Economic output In 2023, Nonthaburi province had an economic output of 400.388 billion baht (US$10.54 billion). This amounts to per capita gross provincial product (GPP) of 214,515 baht (US$5,645). In 2025 the total workforce was 1,228,109 of which 1,219,841 persons were employed in economic activity. In agriculture and fishery 16,366 persons (1.3%) were employed and in the non-agricultural sector 1,203,476 persons (98.7%).
+ Gross Provincial Product (GPP) ActivitiesMillion BahtPercent1 Trade 66,962 16.72 Manufacturing 54,544 13.63 Human health 53,258 13.34 Finance 45,620 11.45 Information 31,626 7.96 Defence / publ.admin. 25,832 6.57 Real estate 19,559 4.98 Pastime 19,302 4.89 Construction 14,011 3.510 Accommodation / food 12,880 3.211 Transportation 12,284 3.112 Scientific activity 9,257 2.313 Energy 8,097 2.014 Education 7,765 1.915 Other service activity 6,449 1.616 Agriculture 5,515 1.417 Administration 5,210 1.318 Water supply 2,117 0.6 Total 400,388 100
+ Employed persons ActivitiesWorkforcePercent1 Trade 332,570 27.32 Manufacturing 199,544 16.43 Accommodation / food 187,377 15.44 Transportation 101,575 8.35 Construction 74,109 6.16 Administration 49,729 4.17 Defence / publ.admin. 40,077 3.38 Education 37,106 3.09 Scientific activity 32,098 2.610 Other service activities 30,782 2.511 Human health 30,081 2.512 Finance 23,321 1.913 Real estate 20,729 1.714 Information 17,402 1.415 Agriculture 16,366 1.316 Pastime 11,062 0.917 Energy 9,470 0.818 Household enterprise 4,724 0.419 Water supply 1,718 0.1 Total 1,219,841 100 Trade Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles, the biggest sector of the economy generated 66,962 million baht (US$1,762 million) or 16.7% of GPP with 17,734 registered entities and a workforce of 332,570 people (27.3% of all employed persons ).
Manufacturing The second sector of the economy generated 54,544 million baht (US$1,435 million) or 13.6% of GPP with 3,5162 registered entities and a workforce of 199,544 people (16.4%).
Construction 1,340 construction entities and a workforce of 74,109 people (6.1%) contributed 14,011 million baht (US$368 million) or 3.5% of GPP.
Agriculture Nonthaburi province is renowned for growing the best durians in the country. Durian has been a well-known fruit in this province for 400 years. The fruit is known as "Durian Non" which means durian from Nonthaburi province. สำนักบรรณสารสนเทส มสธ. ทุเรียนนนท์ ฝ่ายอุทยานการศึกษา สำนักการศึกษาต่อเนื่อง มหาวิทยาลัยสุโขทัยธรรมาธิราช (Accessed on 9 September 2015) It is also known as the most expensive durian in the world. There are six groups of Nonthaburi durian which are Kop, Luang, Kan Yao, Kampan, Thong Yoi, and miscellaneous. Most durian orchards are near rivers such as the Chao Phraya. This is because the soil next to the river is good for planting which is also good for durian trees. Many durian orchards have disappeared due to flooding and pollution. The price of durian Non depends on its group. Kan Yao is the most expensive, starting from around 10,000 baht up to 20,000 baht (or about US$600) for one durian. The Kan Yao itself is not easy to find in normal markets. The main reason for the high price is because it is rare. The recent flood in 2011 cleared out almost all of the durian trees in Nonthaburi, and only a few trees have been newly planted. Also, residential areas are expanding into agricultural areas.
Agriculture and fishery in Nonthaburi province, the sixteenth sector of the economy, generated 5,515 million baht (US$145 million) or 1.4% of GPP with a workforce of 16,366 (1.3% of all employed persons).
Agricultural land use is 43.4% of total land of Nonthaburi province . This is divided as follows: paddy land: 24.4%, farmland: 11,3%, orchard/perennial crop: 4.3% and vegetable/ornamental plant: 3.2%.
Production of the arable crop: rice 113,403 tonnes.