HATNet Project

The Hungarian Automated Telescope Network (HATNet) project is a network of six small fully automated "HAT" telescopes. The scientific goal of the project is to detect and characterize extrasolar planets using the transit method. This network is used also to find and follow bright variable stars. The network is maintained by the Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian.

The HAT acronym stands for Hungarian-made Automated Telescope, because it was developed by a small group of Hungarians who met through the Hungarian Astronomical Association. The project started in 1999 and has been fully operational since May 2001.

Equipment The prototype instrument, HAT-1 was built from a 180 mm focal length and 65 mm aperture Nikon telephoto lens and a Kodak KAF-0401E chip of 512 × 768, 9 μm pixels. The test period was from 2000 to 2001 at the Konkoly Observatory in Budapest.

HAT-1 was transported from Budapest to the Steward Observatory, Kitt Peak, Arizona, USA, in January 2001. The transportation caused serious damage to the equipment.

Later built telescopes use Canon 11 cm diameter f/1.8L lenses for a wide-field of 8°×8°. It is a fully automated instrument with 2K x 2K Charge-coupled device (CCD) sensors. One HAT instrument operates at the Wise Observatory.

HAT is controlled by a single Linux PC without human supervision. Data are stored in a MySQL database.

HAT-South From 2009, three other locations joined the HATNet with telescopes of completely new design. The telescopes are deployed to Australia, Namibia and Chile. Each system has eight (2*4) joint-mounted, quasi-parallel Takahashi Epsilon (180 mm diameter, f/2.8) astrographs with Apogee 4k*4k CCDs with overlapping fields of view. The processing computers are Xenomai-based industrial PCs with 10 TB of storage.

Participants in the project HAT-1 was developed during the undergraduate (and also the first year graduate) studies of Gáspár Bakos (Eötvös Loránd University, now at Princeton University) and at Konkoly Observatory (Budapest), under the supervision of Dr. Géza Kovács. In the development József Lázár, István Papp and Pál Sári also played an important role.

More than 100 people have contributed altogether to the seventy planet discovery papers published or submitted by the project as of Feb 2020. Gáspár Bakos, István Papp, József Lázár, Pál Sári, have contributed to all of the planet discoveries by HAT. Other participants who have contributed to at least 10 discovery papers include: Joel Hartman (62 papers, Princeton), Robert Noyes (55, CfA), David Latham (44, CfA), Zoltán Csubry (43, Princeton), Kaloyan Penev (43, UT Dallas), Géza Kovács (42, Konkoly Observatory), Guillermo Torres (40, CfA), Geoffrey Marcy (38, UC Berkeley), Gilbert Esquerdo (37, CfA), Waqas Bhatti (34, Princeton), Miguel de Val-Borro (34, Goddard Space Flight Center), Lars Buchhave (33, Niels Bohr Institute), Daniel Bayliss (32, University of Warwick), Dimitar Sasselov (32, CfA), Bence Béky (31, CfA), Andrew Howard (31, Caltech), Debra Fischer (30, Yale University), George Zhou (30, CfA), Néstor Espinoza (29, STSCI), Andrés Jordán (29, Adolfo Ibáñez University), Robert Stefanik (29, CfA), Rafael Brahm (28, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile), Thomas Henning (28, MPIA), Luigi Mancini (28, University of Rome Tor Vergata), Markus Rabus (28, Las Cumbres Observatory), Vincent Suc (28, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile), John Johnson (27, CfA), R. Paul Butler (20, Carnegie Institution for Science), Simona Ciceri (19, MPIA), Brian Schmidt (19, ANU), Joao Bento (17, ANU), Thiam-Guan Tan (17, Perth Exoplanet Survey Telescope), Mark Everett (16, NOAO), Sam Quinn (16, CfA), Avi Shporer (16, MIT), Allyson Bieryla (14, CfA), Bun'ei Sato (14, Tokyo Institute of Technology), B.J. Fulton (12, Caltech), Howard Isaacson (12, UC Berkeley), András Pál (12, CfA), Brigitta Sipőcz (12, University of Hertfordshire), Támás Szkelenár (12), Chris Tinney (12, University of New South Wales), Duncan Wright (11, Australian Astronomical Observatory), Jeffrey Crane (10, Carnegie Institution for Science), Emilio Falco (10, CfA), Paula Sarkis (10, MPIA), and Stephen Shectman (10, Carnegie Institution for Science).

Planets discovered One-hundred-thirty-four extrasolar planets have been discovered so far by the HAT surveys, including a handful of planets that were independently discovered by other groups as well (particularly the WASP survey). Sixty-three of these were found by the northern HATNet project, and seventy-one by the southern HATSouth project. All have been discovered using the transit method. In addition, a few additional planetary companions to the transiting planets were discovered through radial velocity follow-up observations, including HAT-P-13c, which was the first outer planetary or brown-dwarf companion confirmed with a well-characterised orbit for a system with a transiting planet

Light green rows indicate that the planet orbits one of the stars in a binary star system.

North Star Constellation Rightascension Declination App.mag. Distance (ly) Spectraltype Planet Mass(MJ) Radius(RJ) Orbitalperiod(d) Semimajoraxis(AU) Orbitaleccentricity Inclination(°) Discoveryyear Ref ADS 16402 B Lacerta 10.4 453 G0V HAT-P-1b 0.524 1.225 4.4652934 0.0553 <0.067 86.28 2006 Hunor Hercules 8.71 440 F8 Magor 8.65 0.951 5.63341 0.0677 0.5163 90 2007 Dombay Ursa Major 11.86 457 K Teberda 0.599 0.890 2.899703 0.03894 0 87.24 2007 BD+36°2593 Boötes 11.2 1010 F HAT-P-4b 0.68 1.27 3.056536 0.0446 0 89.9 2007 Chasoň Lyra 12 1110 G Kráľomoc 1.06 1.26 2.788491 0.04075 0 86.75 2007 Sterrennacht Andromeda 10.5 650 F Nachtwacht 1.057 1.33 3.852985 0.05235 0 85.51 2007 GSC 03547-01402 Cygnus 10.5 1044 F8 HAT-P-7b 1.776 1.363 2.2047299 0.0377 0 85.7 2008 GSC 02757-01152 Pegasus 10.17 750 F HAT-P-8b 1.52 1.5 3.07632 0.0487 0 87.5 2008 Tevel Auriga 12.34 1560 F Alef 0.78 1.4 3.92289 0.053 0 86.5 2008 WASP-11/HAT-P-10 Perseus 11.89 408 K3V WASP-11b/HAT-P-10b 0.460 1.045 3.7224690 0.0439 0 88.5 2008 GSC 03561-02092 Cygnus 9.59 123.5 K4 HAT-P-11b 0.081 0.422 4.8878162 0.053 0.198 88.5 2009 Komondor Canes Venatici 12.84 465 K4 Puli 0.211 0.959 3.2130598 0.0384 0 89.0 2009 GSC 3416-00543 Ursa Major 10.429 698 G4 HAT-P-13b 0.851 1.28 2.9162595 0.0426 0.021 83.4 2009 GSC 3416-00543 Ursa Major 10.429 698 G4 HAT-P-13c >15.2 428.5 1.186 0.691 2009 Franz Hercules 9.98 670 F Sissi 1.386 1.468 4.6267669 0.0606 0.107 83.5 2010 Berehynia Perseus 12.16 190 G5 Tryzub 1.946 1.072 10.863502 0.0964 0.19 89.1 2010 GSC 2792-01700 Andromeda 10.8 235 F8 HAT-P-16b 4.193 1.289 2.77596 0.0413 0.036 86.6 2010 HAT-P-17 Cygnus 10.54 293.5 K HAT-P-17b 0.53 1.01 10.338523 0.0882 0.346 89.2 2010 HAT-P-17 Cygnus 10.54 293.5 K HAT-P-17c 1.4 1797 2.75 0.1 2010 HAT-P-18 Hercules 12.76 541 K HAT-P-18b 0.197 0.995 5.508023 0.0559 0.084 88.8 2010 HAT-P-19 Andromeda 12.9 701 K HAT-P-19b 0.292 1.132 4.008778 0.0466 0.067 88.2 2010 HAT-P-20 Gemini 11.34 228 K7 HAT-P-20b 7.246 0.867 2.875317 0.0361 0.015 86.8 2010 Mazalaai Ursa Major 11.46 228 G3 Bambaruush 4.063 1.024 4.124461 0.0494 0.228 87.2 2010 HAT-P-22 Ursa Major 9.73 267 G5 HAT-P-22b 2.147 1.08 3.21222 0.0414 0.016 86.9 2010 Moriah Delphinus 11.94 1282 G5 Jebus 2.09 1.368 1.212884 0.0232 0.106 85.1 2010 HAT-P-24 Gemini 11.818 998 F8 HAT-P-24b 0.681 1.243 3.3552464 0.0465 0.067 88.6 2010 HAT-P-25 Aries 13.19 969 G5 HAT-P-25b 0.567 1.19 3.652836 0.0466 0.032 87.6 2010 Guahayona Virgo 11.74 437 K1 Guataubá 0.059 0.565 4.234516 0.0479 0.124 88.6 2010 HAT-P-27 Virgo 12.21 665 G8 HAT-P-27b 0.66 1.038 3.039586 0.0403 0.078 84.7 2011 HAT-P-28 Andromeda 13.03 1288 G3 HAT-P-28b 0.626 1.212 3.257215 0.0434 0.051 88 2011 Muspelheim Perseus 11.9 1050 F8 Surt 0.778 1.107 5.72318 0.0667 0.095 87.1 2011 HAT-P-30 Draco 10.42 629 F HAT-P-30b 0.711 1.34 2.810595 0.0419 0.035 83.6 2011 HAT-P-31 Cancer 11.66 1155 F/G HAT-P-31b 2.171 1.07 5.005425 0.055 0.245 87.1 2011 HAT-P-32 Andromeda 11.29 1044 F/G HAT-P-32b 0.941 2.037 2.150009 0.0344 0.163 88.7 2011 HAT-P-33 Gemini 11.89 1367 F HAT-P-33b 0.763 1.827 3.474474 0.0503 0.148 86.7 2011 Sansuna Sagitta 10.16 838 F8 Ġgantija 3.328 1.107 5.452654 0.0677 0.441 87.1 2012 HAT-P-35 Hydra 12.46 1745 F or G HAT-P-35b 1.054 1.332 3.646706 0.0498 0.025 87.3 2012 Tuiren Canes Venatici 12.26 1034 F or G Bran 1.832 1.264 1.327347 0.0238 0.063 86 2012 HAT-P-37 Draco 13.23 1341 F or G HAT-P-37b 1.169 1.178 2.797436 0.0379 0.058 86.9 2012 Horna Triangulum 12.56 812 G Hiisi 0.267 0.825 4.640382 0.0523 0.067 88.3 2012 HAT-P-39 Gemini 11.42 812 F HAT-P-39b 0.599 1.571 3.54387 0.0509 - 87 2012 Taika Lacerta 11.7 1634 F Vytis 0.615 1.73 4.45724 0.0608 - 88.3 2012 HAT-P-41 Aquila 11.09 1014 F HAT-P-41b 0.812 1.529 2.69405 0.0424 - 87.9 2012 Lerna Hydra 12.17 1458 F or G Iolaus 0.975 1.277 4.64188 0.0575 - 85.9 2012 HAT-P-43 Cancer 13.36 1771 F or G HAT-P-43b 0.66 1.283 3.33269 0.0443 - 88.7 2012 HAT-P-44 Cassiopeia 13.21 1220 G/K HAT-P-44b 0.392 1.28 4.30122 0.0507 0.072 89 2013 HAT-P-44 Cassiopeia 13.21 1220 G/K HAT-P-44c 1.6 - 219.9 0.699 - - 2013 HAT-P-45 Cetus 12.79 995 F7 HAT-P-45b 0.892 1.426 3.12899 0.0452 0.049 87.8 2013 HAT-P-46 Cetus 11.94 965 F9 HAT-P-46b 0.493 1.284 4.46313 0.0577 0.123 85.5 2013 HAT-P-46 Cetus 11.94 965 F9 HAT-P-46c 2 - 77.7 0.387 - - 2013 HAT-P-47 Aries 10.6 F4 HAT-P-47b 0.206 1.313 4.732182 0.0615 - 84.8 2016 HAT-P-48 Aries 12.16 G0 HAT-P-48b 0.168 1.131 4.40865 0.0543 - 86.8 2016 HAT-P-49 Vulpecula 10.3 1050 F HAT-P-49b 1.73 1.41 2.6915 0.0438 0 86.2 2014 HAT-P-50 Canis Minor 11.762 F8 HAT-P-50b 1.350 1.288 3.1220109 0.04530 <0.115 83.65 2015 HAT-P-51 Pisces 13.440 G6 HAT-P-51b 0.309 1.293 4.2180278 0.05069 <0.123 88.48 2015 HAT-P-52 Aries 14.068 K0 HAT-P-52b 0.818 1.009 2.7535953 0.03694 <0.047 87.02 2015 HAT-P-53 Andromeda 13.73 G0 HAT-P-53b 1.484 1.318 1.9616241 0.03159 <0.134 86.2 2015 HAT-P-54 Gemini 13.505 443 Late K HAT-P-54b 0.760 0.944 3.7998 0.04117 - 87.04 2015 HAT-P-55 Hercules 13.207 G2 HAT-P-55b 0.582 1.182 3.5852467 0.04604 <0.139 87.70 2015 HAT-P-56 Gemini 10.908 F HAT-P-56b 2.18 1.466 2.7908327 0.04230 <0.246 82.13 2015 HAT-P-57 Ophiuchus 10.465 A8 HAT-P-57b <1.85 1.413 2.4652950 0.0406 - 88.26 2015 HAT-P-65 Equuleus 13.145 G2 HAT-P-65b 0.527 1.89 2.6054552 0.03951 <0.304 84.2 2016 HAT-P-66 Ursa Major 12.993 G0 HAT-P-66b 0.783 1.59 2.9720860 0.04363 <0.090 86.2 2016 HAT-P-67 Hercules 10.069 F HAT-P-67b 0.34 2.085 4.81010 0.06505 0 88.8 2017 HAT-P-69 Hydra 9.8 A HAT-P-69b 3.58 1.676 4.7869491 0.06555 0 87.19 2019 HAT-P-70 Orion 9.5 A HAT-P-70b <6.78 1.87 2.74432452 0.04739 0 96.50 2019 WASP-194/HAT-P-71 Cygnus 12.0 F6IV-V WASP-194b/HAT-P-71b 1.174 1.381 3.183387 0.047 0 83.23 2021

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