Bolognini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Antonio Bolognini (died 1461), Roman Catholic prelate Carlo Bolognini (1678–1704), Italian painter of the Baroque Ennio Bolognini (1893–1979), Argentine-born American cellist, guitarist and composer Eugenia Attendolo Bolognini (1837–1914), Italian noblewoman and philanthropist Giacomo Bolognini (1664–1734), Italian painter Giovanni Battista Bolognini (1611–1688), Italian painter and engraver Maurizio Bolognini (born 1952), Italian post-conceptual artist Mauro Bolognini (1922–2001), Italian film director Nepomuceno Bolognini (1823–1900), officer of Garibaldi