The Indiana Northeastern Railroad is a Class III short line freight railroad operating on nearly in southern lower Michigan, northeast Indiana and northwest Ohio. The Indiana Northeastern Railroad Company began operations in December 1992 and is an independent privately owned company. As of 2017 the railroad hauled more than 7,000 carloads per year. Commodities moved by the railroad include corn, soybeans, wheat and flour. It also handles plastics, fiberboard, aluminum, copper, coal, perlite, stone, lumber, glass, rendering products, as well as agricultural fertilizers and chemicals.Indiana Northeastern RailroadLewis, Edward A. American Shortline Railway Guide 5th edition. 1996. Greenberg. page 59.Hillsdale.net Kiwanis Learn About Indiana Northeastern Railroad
Routes Indiana Northeastern routes consist of approximately 70 miles in Michigan, 44 miles in Indiana and 9 miles in Ohio. From its headquarters and operational hub in the city of Hillsdale, Michigan, in Hillsdale County, Indiana's northernmost route runs northwest into Jonesville, Michigan, and then predominantly west into Branch County through Quincy to a terminus at Coldwater, Michigan. IN also has a 7-mile branch line from Jonesville to Litchfield, Michigan. The tracks IN operates on between Quincy and Coldwater are owned by the Branch County Rail Users Association (RUA). The Little River Railroad also operates steam excursions on the route between Coldwater and Quincy.Dedication of new locomotive maintenance facility. Steuben County Economic Development Corporation. October 26, 2012
IN's route south of Hillsdale heads southwest through unincorporated Bankers, Michigan and through Reading, Montgomery and Ray. Where it enters Steuben County, Indiana and proceeds through Fremont, Angola, Pleasant Lake and into Steubenville, Indiana where it junctions with IN's southernmost east–west route. All of the trackage IN operates on in Michigan is owned by the State of Michigan with the exception of the portion owned by the RUA.Michigan Department of Transportation State Owned Rail
The southernmost route of IN trackage heads east from South Milford in LaGrange County, Indiana into Stuben County through Helmer, Hudson and Ashley, Indiana. Then proceeds through the junction at Stubenville and on through Hamilton before entering Williams County, Ohio. It then passes through the Village of Edon before arriving at Montpelier, Ohio where it interchanges its traffic with the Norfolk Southern Railway on its Detroit to Fort Wayne line.
Former route In 2004 IN purchased a 19-mile segment of track from RUA from Coldwater west to Sturgis, Michigan where it would maintain an interchange with the Michigan Southern Railroad. Due to a lack of traffic IN applied to abandon this line in 2012.2012 STB Filing for Abandonment
History
Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway
The Indiana Northeastern Railroad's oldest existing line from Hillsdale to Coldwater dates back to the 1830s when the state of Michigan began planning a railroad between Monroe, Michigan and Chicago. Rails reached Hillsdale from the east in 1843. The state of Michigan sold the line in 1846 and it became the Michigan Southern Rail Road. Construction of the line continued west of Hillsdale and by 1852 it became part of a line to Chicago through Coldwater and Sturgis, Michigan. This line would eventually become unofficially known as "The Old Road" and in 1869 came under the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway (LS&MS) when the Michigan Southern Rail Road and the Lake Shore Railway merged that year.Hillsdale Historical Society Railroad to Hillsdale
IN's connection from Hillsdale to the unincorporated area of Bankers was originally built as the Detroit, Hillsdale and Indiana Rail Road in 1871. A line that ran from Bankers to Ypsilanti. The line was also acquired by the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern in 1881. The trackage was eventually abandoned northeast of Hillsdale.The Saline Post, Detroit Hillsdale Indiana Line
IN's north–south route from Bankers to Stubenville, Indiana started as the Fort Wayne, Jackson and Saginaw Railroad in 1870. The route was intended to compete for northbound traffic from Fort Wayne, Indiana. It was also acquired by the LS&MS in 1882. The tracks south of Stubenville were eventually abandoned.History of the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway Company
IN's seven-mile branch north to Litchfield was part of the Northern Central Michigan Railroad as a route north from Jonesville to Lansing. It was acquired soon after the company began operation by LS&MS in 1897. The tracks immediately north of Litchfield were abandoned.
By 1914 the LS&MS was formally merged with the New York Central & Hudson River Railroad and a number of other leased railroads including the nearby Michigan Central Railroad to create the New York Central Railroad (NYC). New York Central would operate these former LS&MS lines as its Toledo Division.New York Central System Historical Society LS&MS NYC Division Maps
Wabash Railroad 4th District
Indiana Northeastern's southernmost route from South Milford, Indiana to its interchange point with the Norfolk Southern Railway in Montpelier, Ohio was originally built by the Wabash Railroad in 1892 and 1893. The line originally known as its "Chicago Extension" ran from a junction with Wabash's Detroit to Fort Wayne line in Montpelier directly west to Gary, Indiana terminating at a junction known as Clark Junction. At the junction Wabash trains would then run over the Baltimore and Ohio Chicago Terminal and Chicago and Western Indiana switching and terminal railroads to connect with the Chicago area rail network and Wabash's own Chicago rail yards. The line would eventually be designated as Wabash's 4th District and became part of the shortest route for trains between Detroit and Chicago. A connection from Montpelier to Toledo, Ohio would also be added after 1900. The 4th District would become the first Wabash district to be dieselized (operating with diesel locomotives instead of steam) in 1950 and the last rail line in Indiana to operate mixed trains in 1962. Wabash would continue to operate the line until the railroad was acquired by the Norfolk and Western Railway (N&W), through lease in 1964 and full ownership in 1970. N&W would designate the line as its Gary District and continue to operate it until the 1980s.Baird, Victor A. Railroading on the Wabash Fourth District. 2013 Erstwhile PublicationsAmerican-Rails Wabash Railroad
The line lost its through-train passenger service in the 1930s when the Pennsylvania Railroad wanted to compete in the Chicago – Detroit passenger market. The two railroads reached an agreement to run trains on the PRR between Chicago and Ft. Wayne, IN and then switch to the Wabash trackage for the Ft. Wayne to Detroit portion of the trip. This eliminated the necessity of the Montpelier, OH to Chicago, IL portion of the line.
Hillsdale County Railway
On February 1, 1968, the New York Central Railroad and Pennsylvania Railroad formally merged creating the Penn Central railroad. Which would mean all the former LS&MS NYC lines would be owned and operated by Penn Central.
Penn Central's bankruptcy in 1970 and the dire financial condition of other Northeast and Midwest railroads prompted the federal government to enact legislation creating Conrail in 1976. Conrail would take over the rail operations of the financially struggling carriers and merge them into a new rail system. However, the Penn Central routes in Hillsdale County, west to Quincy in Branch County and south to Stubenville, Indiana would not be included in the new Conrail system.MDOT Michigan's Railroad History
The State of Michigan, faced with the abandonment of 200 miles of track when Penn Central would cease rail operations, stepped in and create a subsidy program to continue rail service on Michigan trackage that would not be acquired by Conrail. With the assistance of the subsidies the Hillsdale County Railway Company (HCRC) was incorporated on January 27, 1976, and began operations on April 1, 1976, on the former Penn Central routes in Hillsdale County, west to Quincy and south to Stubenville. The company started with routes approximately 60 miles in length and it acquired a handful of first-generation EMD diesel locomotives. The new railway could interchange traffic with Conrail at Quincy and with the Norfolk and Western Railway at Stubenville.Mario Milletti. Penn Central on New Tracks Without a Railroad. New York Times. August 28, 1977
Hillsdale County Railway's locomotive-paint scheme was partially similar to the Reading Company's green and yellow scheme. The railway would also join the ranks of other US railroads in 1976 who painted at least one locomotive in a special scheme to commemorate the United States Bicentennial. Its NW2 switching locomotive was numbered 1976 and painted red and blue divided by a white stripe. It was also named Chief Baw Beese after Baw Beese, the early nineteenth-century chief of a Huron Band of Potawotami Native Americans that lived in what became Hillsdale County.Hillsdale Historical Society Baw Beese LakeRailroad Michigan.com Hillsdale County Railway
In November 1976 the State of Michigan expanded its support of rail service by enacting the State Transportation Preservation Act of 1976 (Act 295 of 1976). This further authorized the Michigan Department of State Highways and Transportation (now MDOT) to purchase Michigan rail lines in jeopardy of abandonment and contract with a rail carrier to be the designated operator of the lines the state acquired. The state purchased from the Penn Central Corporation the tracks that the Hillsdale County Railway was operating on within Michigan and HCRC would be the designated operator.
By the mid-1980s Conrail sought abandonment of its less profitable lines including the former LS&MS "Old Road" line from Quincy to White Pigeon, Michigan. At the same time N&W was in the process of abandoning its Gary District between Montpelier, Ohio and Gary, Indiana. Threatened with potentially losing its rail interchanges, HCRC extended operations on a three-mile section of underused track between Pleasant Lake and Stubenville, Indiana. In April 1986 HCRC purchased an almost 25-mile segment from N&W between Ashley, Indiana through Stubenville to a rail connection with N&W's Detroit - Fort Wayne line near Montpelier, Ohio.Meints, Graydon M. Indiana Railroad Lines. 2011. Indiana University Press. page 186 (Hillsdale County Railway)
The non-profit Branch and St Joseph County County Rail Users Association (RUA) was formed by the city of Coldwater and local business interests to purchase a 30-mile segment between Quincy and Sturgis from Conrail in 1989. RUA contracted with HCRC to operate and maintain over ten miles of the line between Quincy and Coldwater. A new separate short line railroad, the Michigan Southern Railroad, was contracted operate from Coldwater to Sturgis.Hillsdale Daily News. July 31, 1989. Pg 2
Pigeon River Railroad
In 1980 the Staggers Rail Act was enacted by the federal government which deregulated the United States railroad industry. The legislation made it easier for railroads to set rates, negotiate shipping contracts, seek abandonment of unprofitable routes and get merger approval. Within two years in 1982 the Norfolk and Western Railway and the Southern Railway created the Norfolk Southern Corporation; both railways would be completely merged by 1990. N&W also began to rationalize its routes and in 1983 began abandonment of segments of its Gary District in favor of its route from Detroit to Chicago through Fort Wayne.