Califano is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Arcangelo Califano (fl. 1730s-1750s), Italian composer and musician Aniello Califano (1870–1919), Italian poet and writer Christian Califano (born 1972), French rugby player Dan Califano (fl. 1973), Argentine or American soccer player Franco Califano (1938–2013), Italian musician John Edmund Califano (1862–1946), American artist Joseph A. Califano Jr. (born 1931), American jurist, government administrator, and writer