All Around My Hat (song)

The song "All Around my Hat" (Roud 567 and 22518, Laws P31) is of nineteenth-century English origin.S.G. Spaeth. A History of Popular Music in America, pp. 83–84 (1948, ), quotes a song said to be from around 1840, that goes, "All round my hat, I vears [sic] a green villow [sic]." In an early version, dating from the 1820s, a Cockney costermonger vowed to be true to his fiancée, who had been sentenced to seven years' transportation to Australia for theft and to mourn his loss of her by wearing green willow sprigs in his hatband for "a twelve-month and a day", the willow being a traditional symbol of mourning.See Othello, 4:3, in which Desdemona sings a willow song and asks Emilia about omens of weeping. Another Elizabethan willow song mentions the wearing of the green willow; this is in a poem by John Heywood, dated circa 1545 (Br. Mus. addit. No. 15,233): "All a green willow, willow, willow, All a green willow is my garland." See Norman Ault, Elizabethan Lyrics, pp. 14–15, 519 (1949). Robert George Whitney Bolwell, The Life and Works of John Heywood, identifies this Heywood work as the song "The Ballad of the Green Willow". He points out that this is a predecessor of Shakespeare's Willow Song, which merely changes the word "is" in the refrain to "must be". The song was made famous by Steeleye Span,Their video version is available on [www.youtube.com/watch?v=3zzwbYyvWiU|Youtube]. (This is not the traditional version; it is a rock version.) whose rendition may have been based on a more traditional version sung by John Langstaff, in 1975.Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: A variation from Devon was collected from the singing of Harry Westaway in Belstone, Devon.Harry senior, Harry junior and Bill Westaway of Belstone, Devon ; Westaway One Name Study

Synopsis A young man is forced to leave his lover, usually to go to sea. On his return he finds her on the point of being married to another man. In some versions he goes into mourning, with the green willow as a symbol of his unhappiness (willow is considered to be a weeping tree). In other versions he reminds her of her broken promise, and she dies mysteriously. In some versions he simply contemplates his lover left behind, without actually returning to find her being married. In other versions, the young man is a street hawker who is mourning his separation from his lover who has been transported to Australia for theft.

Traditional versions The song is found across most English speaking countries. Dozens of nineteenth century broadside versions of the song have been collected. The famous tune associated with the song is associated with Roud 22518 rather than Roud 567.

A version sung by a Mr. Verrall of Horsham, Sussex, England, was notated by the composer and folklorist George Butterworth in 1909, and the melody of this version can be heard via the Vaughan Williams Memorial Library. Ralph Vaughan Williams notated a version sung by a Mr. Harris of Little Burstead, Essex, in 1904, and another by Ellen Powell in Herefordshire the same year, the original manuscripts of which are also publicly available.

Field recordings Several authentic recordings have been made of the song, mostly in North America.

The song seemed to have thrived in traditional communities in Nova Scotia, Canada, well into the twentieth century, where several versions were recorded by the folklorist Helen Creighton:

Mrs. R. W. Duncan of Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, 1943 Nina Bartley Finn of Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, 1943 Neil O'Brien of Pictou, Nova Scotia, 1953, available on YouTube as part of the Helen Creighton collection album. Sandy Stoddard of Ship Harbor, Nova Scotia, 1953 Ned McKay of Little Harbor, Nova Scotia, 1954

A handful of field recordings were also made in the United States.

Jessie Anthony of Winchester, Massachusetts, recorded by Helen Hartness Flanders, 1946. The Ritchie sisters of Viper, Kentucky, recorded by Mary Elizabeth Barnicle, 1946.

Commentary The song has typical archetypal elements of the separated lovers, the interrupted wedding, and the inconsolable rejected lover. In the "Yellow Ribbon" variants, the adornment is a reminder of lost love, similar to Ireland's "The Black Velvet Band".

A traditional version and variant texts A traditional version (sometimes known as "I will wear the Green Willow") in common use in the 1950s and 1960s was:

My love she was fair and my love she was kind too And many were the happy hours, between my love and me I never could refuse her, whatever she'd a mind to And now she's far away, far o'er the stormy sea.

All 'round my hat I will wear a [or: the] green willow All 'round my hat for a twelve month and a day If anybody asks me the reason why I wear it It's all because my true love is far, far away.

Will my love be true and will my love be faithful? Or will she find another swain to court her where she's gone? The men will all run after her, so pretty and so graceful And leave me here lamenting, lamenting all alone.

All 'round my hat I will wear a green willow All 'round my hat for a twelve month and a day If anybody asks me the reason why I wear it It's all because my true love is far, far away.

A variation of this had the following verse stanza:

My love she was fair, and my love she was kind And cruel the judge and jury that sentenced her away For thieving was a thing that she never was inclined to They sent my love across the sea ten thousand miles away.

A version popularized by Steeleye Span used the traditional chorus (shown above) and these verse stanzas (from Farewell He):

Fare thee well cold winter and fare thee well cold frost Nothing have I gained but my own true love I've lost I'll sing and I'll be merry when occasion I do see He's a false deluding young man, let him go, farewell he.

The other night he brought me a fine diamond ring But he thought to have deprived me of a far better thing But I being careful like lovers ought to be He's a false deluding young man, let him go, farewell he

Here's a half a pound of reason, and a quarter pound of sense A small sprig of thyme and as much of prudence You mix them all together and you will plainly see He's a false deluding young man, let him go, farewell he.

Textual variants Sabine Baring-Gould printed a version in "A Garland of Country Song" in 1895. This version is very close to the best-known version, by Steeleye Span. This is probably a more recent variant of the nineteenth-century song.

cf. "The Green Willow" ("All around my hat" lyrics)

Songs that refer to All Around My Hat (song) Jasper Carrott sang a parody, "It's my bloody ribbon and it's my bloody hat", at the Cambridge Folk Festival in 1976. The parody song was later covered by The Bad Shepherds and played regularly in their live concerts.

Motifs Motifs of the song include separated lovers, a broken token, and death for love, common themes in tragic love songs.

Television and stage references In the 'Watching TV' episode of British television sitcom Men Behaving Badly, Gary and Dorothy repeatedly end up singing the Steeleye Span version of the song while trying to remember the theme tune to Starsky and Hutch. Paul Whitehouse also sings the first lines of the song in an episode of The Fast Show, changing a key word in each line with "arse".

It features prominently in the plot of the episode "The Prisoner" in "The Adventures of Robin Hood (TV series)". It is claimed to be a favorite song of the 12th century crusading King Richard The Lionheart and is constantly sung by the king's courier who has been secretly imprisoned in Prince John's dungeon. The tune is so charismatic that a prison guard sings it while drinking at a tavern and is overhead by Robin Hood, thus alerting Robin of the courier's fate.

In Episode 6 of the Russian science fiction serial Better than Us, a young woman idly sings this song to herself while waiting for Safronov to appear.

The song is referred to in the 1964 play Philadelphia, Here I Come! by Brian Friel.

Commercial recordings Album/Single Performer Year Variant Notes It's Shirley! Shirley Abicair 1958 Green Willow The Voice of the People volume 6 Eddie Butcher 1955 Another Man's Wedding Sings American and English Folk Songs and Ballads John Langstaff 1959 All Around My Hat Listed on the label as "All 'Round My Hat" and sourced from S. Baring-Gould's anthology. (Tradition Records, TLP 1009) Now Is the Time for Fishing Sam Larner 1959–1960 Green Broom In this version, a Cockney costermonger vowed to be true to his fiancée, who had been sentenced to seven years transportation to Australia for theft, and to mourn his loss by wearing green willow sprigs in his hatband for "a twelve-month and a day", in a traditional symbol of mourning. "Maritime Folk Songs" (anthology by Helen Creighton) Neil O'Brien 1962 All Around My Hat American version. "Mainly Norfolk" Peter Bellamy 1968 All Around My Hat. From the Beggar's Mantle Barbara Dickson 1972 The Orange and the Blue This is a Scottish version. A couple vow loyalty to each other before the man goes to sea. He returns just as his "inconstant lover" is about to be married to someone else. He points out her treachery, and she dies mysteriously before the night of the honeymoon. He goes into mourning, wearing the willow for twelve months, followed by a coat of orange and blue. All Around My Hat Steeleye Span 1975 All Around My Hat/Farewell He This British folk rock group took it to number 5 on the charts, with the original version interpolated with lyrics from another early 19th century song, "Farewell He". This turned the song into a conversation, with the original words of constancy alternating with a sermon to young girls on the inconstancy of young men. This is the only Steeleye Span song later covered by a mainstream band (Status Quo, below). All Around My Hat José Hoebee 1986 All Around My Hat José Hoebee (of Dutch girl group Luv') recorded a cover version of the song inspired by Steeleye Span's rendering. Don't Stop Status Quo 1996 All Around My Hat Status Quo invited Maddy Prior (of Steeleye Span) to sing harmony. Hat Trick (album) The Mollys 1997 All Around My Hat Songwriter Nancy McCallion and lead vocalist Catherine Zavala of the American group The Mollys revised the song in a humorous vein. The female protagonist pledges to be true to her departed lover "for a twelve-month and a day", and then speculates as to which of several men she may choose to replace him, if he does not return in time. Three Quarter Ale Three Quarter Ale 2003 All Around My Hat/Farewell He Three Quarter Ale invited Lindsay Smith to sing the final verse on it. Different Tongues Brian Peters 2003 All Around My Hat

Musical variants "She Wore a Yellow Ribbon"

Other songs with the same tune "The Death of Brush" "The Jolly Miller" "The Death of Brugh" "Unter meinem Hut" by the GDR Band Oktoberklub

References

External links California State University at Fresno data on "All Around my Hat" Mudcat Origins? All Around my Hat. Folkinfo discussion - All Around my Hat A "street hawker" version of the song with tune and lyrics All Around My Hat Lyrics and Chords