Asanuma (浅沼, "shallow swamp") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Hanjirō Asanuma (浅沼 半次郎; 1861–1951), village headman and dairy farmer; father of Inejiro Asanuma , Japanese politician and assassinated head of the Japan Socialist Party Kyoko Asanuma (浅沼 享子; 1904–1981), Japanese politician, widow of Inejiro Asanuma and Japan-China friendship advocate Michio Asanuma (浅沼 美智雄; 1915–2001), Japanese political activist, right-wing activist, member of the Greater Japan Patriotic Party , Japanese former water polo player Santy Asanuma (born 1961), Palauan politician , Japanese voice actor , Japanese footballer , Japanese musician , Japanese baseball player