Lyman Emmet Kipp, Jr. (December 24, 1929 – March 30, 2014) was a sculptor and painter who created pieces that are composed of strong vertical and horizontal objects and were often painted in bold primary colors recalling arrangements by De Stijl Constructivists. Kipp is an important figure in the development of the Primary Structure style which came to prominence in the mid-1960s.

Kipp's early work in the 1950s focused on geometric, plaster reliefs and cast bronzes (see No. 1 - 1959 or Directional I). He moved on to large, geometric, welded pieces composed of post and beam elements emphasizing the vertical during the 1960s (see Andy's Cart Blanche, Muscoot or Hudson Bay). Finding it difficult to transport large, heavy, welded pieces, he turned to angled sections and sheets of steel and aluminum that could be bolted together on site. Typically the pieces were painted with bright colors and the thin edges were often defined with bright, complementary colors (see Long Distance, Chicksaw or Kobi). In the late 1970s, Kipp's steel sheets began to move into the air on thin legs (see Lockport 1977, Salute to Knowledge or Yoakum Jack).

Kipp was a founding member of ConStruct, the artist-owned gallery that promoted and organized large-scale sculpture exhibitions throughout the United States. Other founding members include Mark di Suvero, Kenneth Snelson, John Raymond Henry and Charles Ginnever.

Kipp's health deteriorated and he died peacefully on March 30, 2014. His last known works were in 2011.

Education/Teaching/Grants 1950 - 1952 Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, NY 1952 - 1954 Cranbrook Academy of Art, Michigan

1960 - 1963 Bennington College, Vermont 1962 - 1963 Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, NY 1963 - 1968 Hunter College, NYC 1966 Dartmouth College, NH (Visiting Artist) 1968 - 1975 Lehman College, NYC (Chairman - 1968 - 1974) 1975 - 1978 Hunter College, NYC (Chairman) 1978 - 1985 Hunter College, NYC 1985 Hunter College, NYC (Professor Emeritus)

1966 Guggenheim Fellowship 1966 Fulbright Grant 1967 Summer Research Grant, City University of New York 1970 City University Faculty Research Grant 1975 City University Faculty Research Grant 1977 Art Park, Lewiston, NY 1980 Hand Hollow Foundation, New York 1982 Schuster Grant

Monumental sculptures and public works

United States

Alabama

Cherokee, 1977, University of Alabama, Huntsville

Arizona

Hudson Bay, 1968, Museum of Art, University of Arizona, Tucson

California

Trap II, 1965, University Art Museum, University of California, Berkeley Chickasaw, 1977, California State University, San Bernardino Highline, 1976, Federal Building & Post Office, Van Nuys

Colorado

Alto, 1984, Hoffman Heights Library, Aurora Red Wing, 1974, Aurora Corporate Plaza, Aurora

District of Columbia

Alternate Design for Highline, 1975, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington Salamanca, 1969, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington

Florida

Dollbaby, 1991, Pinewood Park, Largo Levenworth, 1978, Pinewood Park, Largo Blackjack, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health, Miami D, Greynolds Park, North Miami Beach Tonawanda, 1977, Florida Coastal Professional Center, Naples Kenosha, 1984, von Liebig Art Center, Naples Untitled (blue/red), 1984, von Liebig Art Center, Naples Untitled (black/red), 1984, von Liebig Art Center, Naples E, 1979, Vero Beach Museum of Art, Vero Beach

Indiana

Range, 1974, Fort Wayne Museum of Art, Fort Wayne

Massachusetts

Auro, 1965, List Visual Arts Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge

Michigan

No. 1-1959, 1959, Museum of Art, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Oshkosh, 1978, Grand Rapids Art Museum, Grand Rapids Bullshoals, 1978, Grand Rapids Art Museum, Grand Rapids Kobi, 1982, Grand Rapids Art Museum, Grand Rapids Study for Zephyr, 1973, Grand Rapids Art Museum, Grand Rapids Salute to Knowledge, 1981, Grosse Pointe Public Library, Grosse Pointe Farms Muscoot, 1979, Calvin College Campus, Grand Rapids Long Distance, 1979, Calvin College Campus, Grand Rapids

Nebraska

Ulysses, 1972, Sheldon Museum of Art, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln

New Hampshire

Bartar, 1968, Hood Museum of Art, Dartmouth College, Hanover Median II, 1963, Hood Museum of Art, Dartmouth College, Hanover

New York

Wild Rice, 1967, The Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller Empire State Plaza Art Collection, west plaza, Albany Directional I, 1962, Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo Flat Rate II, 1969, Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo Trianon, 1963, Whitney Museum of American Art, NYC Lockport 1977, 1977, Storm King Art Center, Mountainville Untitled, Storm King Art Center, Mountainville Placid, 1978, Lake Placid Center for the Arts, Lake Placid

New Jersey

Yoakum Jack, 1977, William Paterson University, Wayne

Pennsylvania

Music Box, 1956, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia Manly, 1980, Hartwood Acres Park, Pittsburgh Wink, 1980, Penn State University, University Park

Tennessee

Dragon Fly, 1995, Sculpture Fields of Montague Park, Chattanooga Hugo, 1980, Sculpture Fields of Montague Park, Chattanooga

Wisconsin

Bullfinch, 1968, Lynden Sculpture Garden, Milwaukee Lodgepole, 1968, Lynden Sculpture Garden, Milwaukee

References Janovy, Karen O., Siedell, Daniel A., Sculpture from the Sheldon Memorial Art Gallery (University of Nebraska Press, 2006) Sculpture Off the Pedestal (Grand Rapids Art Museum, 1973) Library of Congress: 73-88657 Construct (Fine Arts Museum of Long Island, 1979) Kipp Website