In biology, the BBCH-scale for canola describes the phenological development of canola plants using the BBCH-scale.
The phenological growth stages and BBCH-identification keys of canola are: Growth stageCodeDescription0: Germination00 Dry seed01 Beginning of seed imbibition03 Seed imbibition complete05 Radicle emerged from seed07 Hypocotyl with cotyledons emerged from seed08 Hypocotyl with cotyledons growing towards soil surface09 Emergence: cotyledons emerge through soil surface1: Leaf development110 Cotyledons completely unfolded11 First leaf unfolded12 2 leaves unfolded13 3 leaves unfolded1 . Stages continuous till ...19 9 or more leaves unfolded2: Formation of side shoots20 No side shoots21 Beginning of side shoot development: first side shoot detectable22 2 side shoots detectable23 3 side shoots detectable2 . Stages continuous till ...29 End of side shoot development: 9 or more side shoots detectable3: Stem elongation230 Beginning of stem elongation: no internodes (“rosette”)31 1 visibly extended internode32 2 visibly extended internodes33 3 visibly extended internodes3 . Stages continuous till ...39 9 or more visibly extended internodes5: Inflorescence emergence50 Flower buds present, still enclosed by leaves51 Flower buds visible from above (“green bud”)52 Flower buds free, level with the youngest leaves53 Flower buds raised above the youngest leaves55 Individual flower buds (main inflorescence) visible but still closed57 Individual flower buds (secondary inflorescences) visible but still closed59 First petals visible, flower buds still closed (“yellow bud”)6: Flowering60 First flowers open61 10% of flowers on main raceme open, main raceme elongating62 20% of flowers on main raceme open63 30% of flowers on main raceme open64 40% of flowers on main raceme open65 Full flowering: 50% flowers on main raceme open, older petals falling67 Flowering declining: majority of petals fallen69 End of flowering7: Development of fruit71 10% of pods have reached final size72 20% of pods have reached final size73 30% of pods have reached final size74 40% of pods have reached final size75 50% of pods have reached final size76 60% of pods have reached final size77 70% of pods have reached final size78 80% of pods have reached final size79 Nearly all pods have reached final size8: Ripening80 Beginning of ripening: seed green, filling pod cavity81 10% of pods ripe, seeds dark and hard82 20% of pods ripe, seeds dark and hard83 30% of pods ripe, seeds dark and hard84 40% of pods ripe, seeds dark and hard85 50% of pods ripe, seeds dark and hard86 60% of pods ripe, seeds dark and hard87 70% of pods ripe, seeds dark and hard88 80% of pods ripe, seeds dark and hard89 Fully ripe: nearly all pods ripe, seeds dark and hard9: Senescence97 Plant dead and dry99 Harvested product
1 Stem elongation may occur earlier than stage 19; in this case continue with stage 20 2 Visibly extended internode n develops between leaf n and leaf n+1
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