Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855) is the eponym of all of the topics listed below. There are over 100 topics all named after this German mathematician and scientist, all in the fields of mathematics, physics, and astronomy. The English eponymous adjective Gaussian is pronounced .
Mathematics
Algebra and linear algebra
Geometry and differential geometry
Number theory
Cyclotomic fields Gaussian period Gaussian rational Gauss sum, an exponential sum over Dirichlet characters Elliptic Gauss sum, an analog of a Gauss sum Quadratic Gauss sum
Analysis, numerical analysis, vector calculus and calculus of variations
Complex analysis and convex analysis Gauss–Lucas theorem Gauss's continued fraction, an analytic continued fraction derived from the hypergeometric functions Gauss's criterion – described on Encyclopedia of Mathematics Gauss's hypergeometric theorem, an identity on hypergeometric series Gauss plane
Statistics
Gauss–Kuzmin distribution, a discrete probability distribution Gauss–Markov process Gauss–Markov theorem Gaussian copula Gaussian measure Gaussian correlation inequality Gaussian isoperimetric inequality Gauss's inequality Gauss-Helmert model
Gaussian function and topics named for it
Knot theory
Gauss code – described on website of University of Toronto Gauss linking integral (knot theory)
Other mathematical areas
Gauss's algorithm for determination of the day of the week Gauss's Easter algorithm Gaussian brackets – described on WolframMathWorld Gaussian's modular arithmetic Gaussian integer, usually written as Gaussian prime Gaussian logarithms (also known as addition and subtraction logarithms) Gauss congruence for integer sequences
Cartography
Gauss–Krüger coordinate system Gaussian grid
Physics Optics Gauss lens Double-Gauss lens Gaussian optics
Classical mechanics Gauss's principle of least constraint For orbit determination in orbital mechanics: Gauss's law for gravity Gaussian gravitational constant Gaussian year Gauss's method
Quantum mechanics Gaussian orbital
Electromagnetism
Gaussian units gauss, the CGS unit for magnetic flux density Degaussing, to demagnetize an object Gauss rifle or coilgun Gauss's law for magnetism Gaussian surface Gauss's law, giving the relationship between flux through a closed surface and the enclosed source
Gauss gun
Awards and recognitions Carl Friedrich Gauss Prize, a mathematics award Gauss Lectureship, a mathematical distinction The Gauss Mathematics Competition in Canadian junior high schools, an annual national mathematics competition administered by the Centre for Education in Mathematics and Computing
Other things named for him Biology
Gaussia, a palm genus described by Hermann Wendland with the then new species Gaussia princeps, collected by Charles Wright in western Cuba. Named in "memoriam astronomi Caroli Friderici Gauss".Wendland, H., 1865. Ueber die neue Palmengatung Gaussia. Nachr. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Georg-Augusts-Univ. 1865. Gaussia, a genus of copepods
Informatics Gaussian, a computational chemistry software program GAUSS, a matrix programming language for mathematics and statistics
Place names and expedition named in his honour
Terrestrial The Gauss expedition, the first German expedition to Antarctica (1901–1903) The ship Gauss, used in the Gauss expedition to the Antarctic Gaussberg in Antarctica, an extinct volcano discovered by the Gauss expedition Mount Gauss, in Antarctica Gauss Peninsula, East Greenland Gaussberg, a hill in Braunschweig
Celestial Crater Gauss on the MoonAndersson, L. E.; Whitaker, E. A., (1982). NASA Catalogue of Lunar Nomenclature. NASA RP-1097. Asteroid 1001 Gaussia
Institutions and buildings named in his honour The Carl-Friedrich-Gauss Fakultät of Braunschweig University of TechnologyCarl-Friedrich-Gauß-Fakultät Several schools in Germany named after Gauss Several buildings named "Gauss Haus" or "Gauss Building": Gauss Tower, an observation tower in Dransfeld, Germany The Gauss Building at the University of Idaho (College of Engineering) Gauss Haus, an NMR center at the University of Utah The 'Gauss House', a common room in the University of Sussex Mathematical and Physical Sciences department. A dormitory building is named after him in University of California, Santa Cruz, in Crown College
Monuments, busts, and memorial plaques Gauss Monuments were erected in Brunswick and Göttingen (the last together with Weber). Busts of Gauss were placed in the Walhalla hall of fame near Regensburg and in the German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam. Several places where Gauss has stayed in Germany are marked with plaques.
Other commemorations Germany issued three postage stamps honoring Gauss, one in 1955 on the hundredth anniversary of his death and two others in 1977, the 200th anniversary of his birth.
References