Succinea, common name the amber snails, is a large genus of small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Succineidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Succinea Draparnaud, 1801. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=181586 on 2021-02-23
The common name refers to the fact that live snails in this genus are translucent and similar to amber in appearance.
Description The length of the shell ranges between ; the width ranges between .
The dextrous, pointed ovoid shell consists of 3⅓–3½ whorls. It is thin-walled, glossy and translucent. The protoconch is very compact. The spire is short and consists mainly of a large, wide body whorl and an oval aperture with a sharp angle at the top. The deep sutures are prominent.The interior surface of the aperture is cream-colored or white.
The shell is usually light brown, but may be whitish with gray or light yellow streaks.
The large body cannot be completely withdrawn within the shell. The lower pair of tentacles is vestigial.
The many species in this genus are difficult to distinguish. Sometimes they need dissecting to confirm identification through the shape of the jaw and character of the reproductive system.White-McLean, J.A. (September, 2011). Terrestrial Mollusc Tool. USDA/APHIS/PPQ Center for Plant Health Science and Technology and the University of Florida. [10 july 2022] - < http://idtools.org/id/mollusc
Distribution This large genus has a worldwide distribution. Species in this genus usually live in damp habitats such as marshes. Some species are amphibious.
Species Species within the genus Succinea include:
Succinea aegyptiaca Ehrenberg, 1831 Succinea aequinoctialis d'Orbigny, 1837 Succinea africana F. Krauss, 1848 Succinea alpestris Möllendorff, 1875 Succinea amoi C. M. Cooke & Clench, 1945 Succinea ampulacea E. von Martens, 1898 Succinea andecola Crawford, 1939 Succinea angustior (C. B. Adams, 1850)"Mollusca" . Diversidad Biológica Cubana, accessed 23 March 2011. † Succinea antiqua Colbeau, 1867 Succinea aperta I. Lea, 1838 Succinea apicalis Ancey, 1904 Succinea approximans Shuttleworth, 1854Shuttleworth R. J. (1854). "Beiträge zur näheren Kenntniss der Land- und Süsswasser-Mollusken der Insel Portorico". Mitteilungen der naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Bern Nr. 310-330: 33-56. page 55. Succinea approximata G. B. Sowerby II, 1872 Succinea arangoi Pfeiffer, 1866 (taxon inquirendum) Succinea arboricola Connolly, 1912 Succinea archeyi Powell, 1933Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 Succinea argentina Miquel, Rapacioli & Meneghini, 2019 Succinea arundinetorum Heude, 1882 Succinea aurita Hylton Scott, 1951 Succinea aurulenta Ancey, 1889 Succinea australis (Férussac, 1821) Succinea baconi L. Pfeiffer, 1855 Succinea badia Morelet, 1867 Succinea bakeri Hubricht, 1963 † Succinea baoyueensis W. Yü & X.-Q. Zhang, 1982 Succinea barbadensis Guilding, 1828 Succinea baumanni Sturany, 1894 Succinea bequaerti Pilsbry, 1919 Succinea bermudensis L. Pfeiffer, 1857 Succinea bernardii Récluz, 1852 † Succinea bertrandi Fontannes, 1884 Succinea bettii E. A. Smith, 1877 Succinea bicolorata Ancey, 1889 † Succinea boissyi Deshayes, 1863 Succinea brevis Dunker in Pfeiffer, 1850 † Succinea brevispira Deshayes, 1863 Succinea burmeisteri Döring, 1873 Succinea caduca Mighels, 1845 Succinea californica P. Fischer and Crosse, 1878 – San Tomas ambersnail Succinea campestris Say, 1817 – Crinkled Ambersnail Succinea canella A. Gould, 1846 Succinea carectorum Heude, 1882 Succinea carmenensis P. Fischer & Crosse, 1878 Succinea casta Ancey, 1899 Succinea cepulla A. Gould, 1846 Succinea ceylanica Pfeiffer, 1855 Succinea chinensis L. Pfeiffer, 1857 Succinea chudeaui Germain, 1907 Succinea cinnamomea Ancey, 1889 Succinea clarionensis Dall, 1926 Succinea cochinchinensis Crosse & P. Fischer, 1863 Succinea collina Hanley & Theobald, 1873 Succinea colorata P. Fischer & Crosse, 1877 Succinea comorensis Fischer-Piette & Vukadinovic, 1974 Succinea concordialis A. Gould, 1848 Succinea congoensis Pilsbry, 1919 Succinea contenta (Iredale, 1939) Succinea contorta C. B. Adams, 1845 Succinea cordovana P. Fischer & Crosse, 1877 Succinea costaricana von Martens, 1898Villalobos M. C., Monge-Nájera J., Barrientos Z. & Franco J. (1995). "Life cycle and field abundance of the snail Succinea costaricana (Stylommatophora: Succineidae), a tropical pest". Revista de Biología Tropical 43: 181-188. PDF . Succinea costulosa Pease, 1865 Succinea crassinuclea L. Pfeiffer, 1849 Succinea crocata A. Gould, 1846 Succinea cryptica Tillier, 1981 Succinea cygnorum Pilsbry, 1930 Succinea dakaensis Sturany, 1898 Succinea daucina L. Pfeiffer, 1854 Succinea delicata Ancey, 1889 Succinea dolphin C. M. Cooke & Clench, 1945 Succinea dominicensis L. Pfeiffer, 1853 † Succinea dongyingensis Youluo, 1978 Succinea donneti L. Pfeiffer, 1853 Succinea elegantior Annandale, 1921 Succinea elongata Pease, 1870 Succinea erythrophana Ancey, 1883 Succinea eussoensis Preston, 1912 Succinea exarata F. Krauss, 1848 Succinea falklandica E. A. Smith, 1884 Succinea fischeri Gassies, 1871 Succinea flexilis Quick, 1957 Succinea floridana Pilsbry, 1905 – Florida chalksnail Succinea fulgens Lea, 1841 (taxon inquirendum) Succinea garrettiana Ancey, 1899 Succinea gayana (d'Orbigny, 1835) Succinea gibba Henshaw, 1904 Succinea girnarica Theobald, 1859 Succinea gladiator Schileyko & Likharev, 1986 Succinea globispira Martens, 1898". Barrientos, Z. 2003. Lista de especies de moluscos terrestres (Archaeogastropoda, Mesogastropoda, Archaeopulmonata, Stylommatophora, Soleolifera) informadas para Costa Rica Revista de Biología Tropical 51: 293-304. Succinea godivariana Gude, 1914 Succinea gracilis I. Lea, 1841 Succinea grosvenorii I. Lea, 1864 – Santa Rita ambersnail Succinea guadelupensis Dall, 1900 Succinea guatemalensis Morelet, 1849 Succinea gundlachi Pfeiffer, 1852 (taxon inquirendum) Succinea gyrata J. S. Gibbons, 1879 Succinea hanleyi Gude, 1914 Succinea hararensis Connolly, 1928 Succinea haustellum Rehder, 1942 † Succinea headonensis Wenz, 1919 † Succinea henanensis Y.-T. Li, 1983 Succinea hortulana Morelet, 1851 Succinea humerosa A. Gould, 1846 Succinea hyalina Shuttleworth, 1854 † Succinea imperspicua S. V. Wood, 1851 Succinea indiana Pilsbry, 1905 – xeric ambersnail Succinea indica L. Pfeiffer, 1849 Succinea infundibuliformis A. Gould, 1846 Succinea interioris Tate, 1894 Succinea kempi Preston, 1912 Succinea konaensis Sykes, 1897 Succinea kuntziana Solem, 1959 Succinea labiosa Philippi, 1860 Succinea latior C. B. Adams, 1849 Succinea lauta A. Gould, 1859 Succinea lauzannei Germain, 1909 Succinea lebruni Mabille, 1884 Succinea lessensis Pilsbry, 1919 † Succinea lingulata X.-G. Zhu, 1985 Succinea listeri E. A. Smith, 1889 Succinea lopesi Lanzieri, 1966 Succinea lumbalis A. Gould, 1846 Succinea luteola Gould, 1848 – Mexico ambersnail Succinea lutosa Pilsbry, 1926 Succinea lutulenta Ancey, 1889 Succinea macgillivrayi Cox, 1864 Succinea macta Poey, 1858 Succinea magellanica A. Gould, 1846 Succinea magnaciana Heude, 1882 Succinea manaosensis Pilsbry, 1926 Succinea manuana A. Gould, 1846 Succinea margarita L. Pfeiffer, 1853 † Succinea marioni Saporta, 1889 Succinea martini (Jousseaume, 1887) Succinea masafuerae Odhner, 1922 Succinea masoala Emberton & Griffiths, 2009 Succinea mauiensis Ancey, 1889 Succinea maxima Henshaw, 1904 Succinea mcgregori Pilsbry, 1898 Succinea meridionalis d'Orbigny, 1846 Succinea mirabilis Henshaw, 1904 Succinea modesta A. Gould, 1846 Succinea monticula C. Semper, 1873 Succinea montrouzieri Crosse, 1867 † Succinea nagpurensis Hislop, 1860 Succinea newcombiana Garrett, 1857 Succinea nobilis Poey, 1853 Succinea norfolkensis Sykes, 1900 Succinea normalis Ancey, 1881 Succinea nyassana Dupuis & Putzeys, 1923 Succinea obesa E. von Martens, 1867 Succinea ochracina Gundlach in Poey, 1858 Succinea ordinaria E. A. Smith, 1905 Succinea oregonensis I. Lea, 1841 – Oregon ambersnail Succinea orientalis Benson, 1851 † Succinea palliolum F. Sandberger, 1871 Succinea panamensis Pilsbry, 1920 Succinea panucoensis Pilsbry, 1910 Succinea paralia Hubricht, 1983 – Saltmarsh Ambersnail † Succinea parscovensis Cobălcescu, 1883 Succinea patagonica E. A. Smith, 1881 Succinea peruviana L. Pfeiffer, 1867 Succinea philippinica Möllendorff, 1893 Succinea piratarum Quadras & Möllendorff, 1894 Succinea princei Preston, 1912 Succinea pristina Henshaw, 1904 Succinea propinqua Drouët, 1859 † Succinea protevoluta Yen, 1969 Succinea protracta Sykes, 1900 Succinea pseudomalonyx Dupuis & Putzeys, 1902 Succinea pudorina A. Gould, 1846 Succinea pueblensis Crosse & P. Fischer, 1877 Succinea puna Tomassi & Cuezzo, 2021 Succinea punctata L. Pfeiffer, 1855 Succinea putamen A. Gould, 1846 Succinea putris (Linnaeus, 1758) – European ambersnail Succinea quadrasi Möllendorff, 1894 Succinea quadrata Ancey, 1904 Succinea quicki van Benthem Jutting, 1964 Succinea raoi Rao & Mitra, 1976 Succinea recisa Morelet, 1851 – rustic ambersnail Succinea riisei L. Pfeiffer, 1853 † Succinea rollieri Maillard, 1892 Succinea rosariensis Döring, 1873 Succinea rubella Pease, 1871 Succinea rugosa L. Pfeiffer, 1842 Succinea rugulosa Morelet, 1872 Succinea rusticana Gould, 1846 – rustic ambersnail Succinea rutilans W. T. Blanford, 1870 Succinea sagra d'Orbigny, 1842 † Succinea schumacheri And.Meijer T. (2010). "Palaeomalacology of the Brabant Loam (the Netherlands)". In: Bakels C., Fennema K., Out W. A. & Vermeeren C. (eds). Of Plants and Snails: A collection of papers presented to Wim Kuijper in gratitude for forty years of teaching and identifying. Sidestone Press, Leiclen. 179-192. . † Succinea scitula X.-G. Zhu, 1985 Succinea setchuanensis Heude, 1882 † Succinea shenyangensis Youluo, 1978 Succinea simplex L. Pfeiffer, 1855 Succinea simplicissima Preston, 1912 Succinea snigdha Rao, 1924 Succinea socorroensis Dall, 1926 Succinea solastra Hubricht, 1961 – Lone Star ambersnail Succinea solidula L. Pfeiffer, 1849 Succinea solitaria E. A. Smith, 1887 † Succinea sparnacensis Deshayes, 1863 Succinea striata F. Krauss, 1848 Succinea strigillata A. Adams & Angas, 1864 Succinea strubelli Strubell, 1895 Succinea subgranosa L. Pfeiffer, 1850 † Succinea subpfeifferi Gottschick, 1920 Succinea tenella Morelet, 1865Cowie R. H., Dillon R. T., Robinson D. G. & Smith J. W. (2009). "Alien non-marine snails and slugs of priority quarantine importance in the United States: A preliminary risk assessment". American Malacological Bulletin 27: 113-132. PDF . Succinea tenerrima Ancey, 1904 Succinea tenuis Gundlach in Poey, 1858 Succinea teragona Ancey, 1904 Succinea texta Odhner, 1922 Succinea tornadri Rao, 1924 † Succinea ubaghsi Bosquet, 1859 Succinea undulata Say, 1829 Succinea unicolor Tryon, 1866 – squatty ambersnail Succinea urbana Hubricht, 1961 – urban ambersnail Succinea vaginacontorta C. B. Lee, 1951 Succinea venusta A. Gould, 1846 Succinea vesicalis A. Gould, 1846 Succinea virgata E. von Martens, 1865 Succinea vitrea L. Pfeiffer, 1855 Succinea waianaensis Ancey, 1899 Succinea wallisi C. M. Cooke & Clench, 1945 Succinea wilsonii I. Lea, 1864 – golden ambersnail Succinea yarkandensis G. Nevill, 1881 † Succinea zhuoxianensis W. Yü & H.-Z. Pan, 1982
Additional species, taken from IUCN Red List: Succinea guamensis Pfeiffer, 1857 Succinea sanctaehelenae Lesson, 1830
Synonyms Succinea aurea Lea, 1841: synonym of Mediappendix vermeta (Say, 1829) Succinea barberi (W. B. Marshall, 1926) – Sanibel ambersnail:"Succinea Draparnaud, 1801". ITIS, accessed 4 January 2011. synonym of Oxyloma barberi (W. B. Marshall, 1926)