Neruda (; feminine: Nerudová) is a Czech surname. Notable people with the name include:
Alois Neruda (1837–1899), Czech cellist Danuše Nerudová (born 1979), Czech economist Franz Xaver Neruda (1843–1915), Czech-Danish cellist, son of Josef Neruda Freedom Neruda (born 1956), Ivorian journalist Jan Neruda (1834–1891), Czech journalist, writer and poet Johann Baptist Neruda (–1780), Czech composer Josef Neruda (1807–1875), Czech organist, great-grandson of Johann Baptist Neruda Maria Neruda (1838–1911), Czech-Swedish violinist, daughter of Josef Neruda Pablo Neruda (1904–1973), Chilean poet, writer and socialist politician, Nobel laureate for Literature Wilma Neruda (1838–1911), Czech violinist, daughter of Josef Neruda
See also Neruda (disambiguation)