This is a list of the mammal species recorded in the Solomon Islands. The geographical area covered by this article refers to the archipelago of the Solomon Islands, which includes Bougainville, an autonomous region of Papua New Guinea, as well as the group of islands that make up the nation state of Solomon Islands. Within this area there are sixty-three mammal species of which four are critically endangered, one is endangered, and fifteen are vulnerable.

Three of the species listed for the Solomon Islands are considered to be extinct.This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.

The marine mammals of the order Cetacea that have been identified in the Pacific Ocean is described in the literature review by Miller (2006) and by the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP). A revision of the list of cetaceans reported in the ocean surrounding the Solomon Islands was carried by Miller (2009).

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature: EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalised populations well outside its previous range. CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species. DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)

Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.

Family: Dugongidae Genus: Dugong Dugong, Dugong dugon VU

Order: Rodentia (rodents) Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to .

Suborder: Myomorpha Family: Muridae (mice, rats, gerbils, etc.) Subfamily: Murinae Genus: Rattus Spiny rat, Rattus praetor LC Genus: Solomys Poncelet's naked-tailed rat, Solomys ponceleti EN Florida naked-tailed rat, Solomys salamonis VU Bougainville naked-tailed rat, Solomys salebrosus EN Isabel naked-tailed rat, Solomys sapientis VU Genus: Uromys Emperor rat, Uromys imperator EX Guadalcanal rat, Uromys porculus EX King rat, Uromys rex CR

Order: Chiroptera (bats) The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats) Subfamily: Pteropodinae Genus: Dobsonia Solomon's naked-backed fruit bat, Dobsonia inermis LC Genus: Nyctimene Common tube-nosed fruit bat, Nyctimene albiventer LC Island tube-nosed fruit bat, Nyctimene major LC Malaita tube-nosed fruit bat, Nyctimene malaitensis VU Nendo tube-nosed fruit bat, Nyctimene sanctacrucis EX Umboi tube-nosed fruit bat, Nyctimene vizcaccia LC Genus: Pteralopex Bougainville monkey-faced bat, Pteralopex anceps CR Guadalcanal monkey-faced bat, Pteralopex atrata CR Montane monkey-faced bat, Pteralopex pulchra CR New Georgian monkey-faced bat, Pteralopex taki EN Genus: Pteropus Admiralty flying-fox, Pteropus admiralitatum LC Ontong Java flying fox, Pteropus howensis VU Small flying-fox, Pteropus hypomelanus LC Lesser flying-fox, Pteropus mahaganus VU Temotu flying fox, Pteropus nitendiensis VU Solomons flying-fox, Pteropus rayneri NT Santa Cruz flying fox, Pteropus sanctacrucis VU Insular flying-fox, Pteropus tonganus LC Vanikoro flying fox, Pteropus tuberculatus VU Dwarf flying fox, Pteropus woodfordi VU Subfamily: Macroglossinae Genus: Macroglossus Long-tongued nectar bat, Macroglossus minimus LC Genus: Melonycteris Orange fruit bat, Melonycteris aurantius VU Fardoulis's blossom bat, Melonycteris fardoulisi VU Woodford's fruit bat, Melonycteris woodfordi LC Family: Vespertilionidae Subfamily: Myotinae Genus: Myotis Large-footed bat, Myotis adversus LC Subfamily: Vespertilioninae Genus: Pipistrellus Angulate pipistrelle, Pipistrellus angulatus LC Subfamily: Miniopterinae Genus: Miniopterus Intermediate long-fingered bat, Miniopterus medius LC Schreibers' long-fingered bat, Miniopterus schreibersii LC Great bent-winged bat, Miniopterus tristis LC Family: Molossidae Genus: Chaerephon Solomons mastiff bat, Chaerephon solomonis LC Family: Emballonuridae Genus: Emballonura Large-eared sheath-tailed bat, Emballonura dianae VU Raffray's sheath-tailed bat, Emballonura raffrayana LC Genus: Mosia Dark sheath-tailed bat, Mosia nigrescens LC Genus: Saccolaimus Naked-rumped pouched bat, Saccolaimus saccolaimus LC Family: Rhinolophidae Subfamily: Hipposiderinae Genus: Anthops Flower-faced bat, Anthops ornatus VU Genus: Aselliscus Temminck's trident bat, Aselliscus tricuspidatus LC Genus: Hipposideros Spurred roundleaf bat, Hipposideros calcaratus LC Makira roundleaf bat, Hipposideros demissus VU Fierce roundleaf bat, Hipposideros dinops DD

Order: Diprotodontia (marsupials) The Diprotodontia are an order of about 125 species of marsupial mammals including the kangaroos, wallabies, possums, koala, wombats, and many others.

Suborder: Phalangeriformes Family: Phalangeridae Genus: Phalanger Northern common cuscus, Phalanger orientalis LC (Introduced) Genus: Spilocuscus Common spotted cuscus, Spilocuscus maculatus LC Family: Pseudocheiridae Genus: Pseudochirulus Lowland ringtail possum, Pseudochirulus canescens LC Genus: Pseudochirops Golden ringtail possum, Pseudochirops corrinae NT Family: Petauridae Genus: Dactylopsila Striped possum, Dactylopsila trivirgata LC Genus: Petaurus Sugar glider, Petaurus breviceps LC

Order: Cetacea (whales)

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Suborder: Mysticeti Family: Balaenopteridae Subfamily: Balaenopterinae Genus: Balaenoptera Rorqual baleen whale: either Bryde's whale, Balaenoptera brydei or sei whale, B. borealis DD Subfamily: Megapterinae Genus: Megaptera Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae VU Suborder: Odontoceti Superfamily: Platanistoidea Family: Ziphidae Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae Genus: Mesoplodon Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris DD Family: Physeteridae Genus: Physeter Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus vulnerable species VU Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins) Genus: Peponocephala Melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra LC (now rarely found in the Solomon Islands) Genus: Globicephala Short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchus DD Genus: Steno Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis LC Genus: Stenella Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata LC Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba LC Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris DD Genus: Lagenodelphis Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei LC Genus: Grampus Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus LC Genus: Tursiops Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus LC Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus NT Genus: Feresa Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata DD Genus: Pseudorca False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens DD Genus: Orcinus Orca, Orcinus orca DD

See also List of chordate orders List of mammals described in the 2000s List of prehistoric mammals Lists of mammals by region Mammal classification

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References