The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House (May 8–21, 1864) of the American Civil War. The Confederate order of battle is listed separately. Order of battle compiled from the casualty returnsOfficial Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 1, pages 136–153 and the reports.Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 1, pages 1162–1168Multiple commander names indicate command succession of command during the battle or the campaign.
Abbreviations used
Military rank LTG = Lieutenant General MG = Major General BG = Brigadier General Col = Colonel Ltc = Lieutenant Colonel Maj = Major Cpt = Captain
Other w = wounded k = killed c = captured
Forces operating against Richmond May 8–16, 1864 LTG Ulysses S. Grant, General-in-Chief, Union armies
Escort: 5th United States Cavalry, Companies B, F and K
IX Corps
MG Ambrose E. BurnsideThe IX Corps was under the direct orders of Lieutenant General Grant until May 24, 1864, when it was assigned to the Army of the Potomac. (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 169)
Chief of Staff: MG John G. Parke
Division Brigade Regiments and OthersFirst Division
BG Thomas G. Stevenson (k)
Col Daniel Leasure
MG Thomas L. CrittendenAssumed command May 12, 1864 1st Brigade
Col Jacob P. GouldDisabled by sickness May 8, 1864
Ltc Stephen M. Weld, Jr.
BG James LedlieAssumed command May 13, 1864 35th Massachusetts 56th Massachusetts: Ltc Stephen M. Weld, Jr. 57th Massachusetts 59th Massachusetts 4th United States 10th United States 2nd Brigade
Col Daniel LeasureCommanded the division May 10–12, 1864; disabled by sickness May 14, 1864
Ltc Gilbert P. Robinson 3rd Maryland: Ltc Gilbert P. Robinson 21st Massachusetts 100th Pennsylvania Artillery Maine Light, 2nd Battery (B) Massachusetts Light, 14th BatterySecond Division
BG Robert B. Potter 1st Brigade
Col Zenas BlissInjured May 11, 1864 (see: Gordon C. Rhea, The Battles for Spotsylvania Court House and the Road to Yellow Tavern May 7–12, 1864, The Order of Battle)
Col John I. Curtin 36th Massachusetts 58th Massachusetts 51st New York 45th Pennsylvania: Col John I. Curtin 48th Pennsylvania 7th Rhode Island 2nd Brigade
Col Simon G. Griffin 2nd Maryland (detachment) 31st Maine 32nd Maine 6th New Hampshire 9th New Hampshire 11th New Hampshire 17th Vermont Artillery Massachusetts Light, 11th Battery New York Light, 19th BatteryThird Division
BG Orlando B. Willcox 1st Brigade
Col John F. Hartranft 2nd Michigan: Col William Humphrey 8th Michigan 17th Michigan 27th Michigan1st and 2nd Companies Michigan Sharpshooters attached 109th New York 51st Pennsylvania 2nd Brigade
Col Benjamin C. ChristDisabled from command May 11, 1864 (see: Gordon C. Rhea, The Battles for Spotsylvania Court House and the Road to Yellow Tavern May 7–12, 1864, The Order of Battle)
Col William Humphrey 1st Michigan Sharpshooters: Col Charles V. DeLand (w), Maj John Piper (k), Cpt Levant C. Rhines 20th Michigan 79th New YorkLeft army May 13, 1864 60th Ohio9th and 10th Companies Ohio Sharpshooters attached 50th Pennsylvania Artillery Maine Light, 7th Battery (G) New York Light, 34th BatteryFourth DivisionIn reserve guarding trains
BG Edward Ferrero 1st Brigade
Col Joshua K. Sigfried 27th United States Colored Troops 30th United States Colored Troops 39th United States Colored Troops 43rd United States Colored Troops 2nd Brigade
Col Henry G. Thomas 30th Connecticut Colored (detachment) 19th United States Colored Troops 23rd United States Colored Troops Artillery Pennsylvania Light, Battery D Vermont Light, 3rd BatteryReporting directly Provost Guard 8th United States Cavalry 3rd New Jersey 22nd New York 2nd Ohio 13th Pennsylvania Artillery ReserveNot engaged; ordered to Washington May 16, 1864
Cpt John Edwards, Jr. New York Light, 27th Battery 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery D 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery H 2nd United States, Battery E 3rd United States, Battery G 3rd United States, Batteries L and M Provisional BrigadeDiscontinued as an unattached command and assigned to the First Division May 12, 1864
Col Elisha G. Marshall 2nd New York Mounted Rifles (dismounted)Joined army May 15, 1864 14th New York Heavy Artillery 24th New York Cavalry (dismounted) 2nd Pennsylvania Provisional Heavy Artillery
Army of the Potomac
MG George G. Meade
General Staff: Chief of Staff: MG Andrew A. Humphreys Assistant Adjutant General: BG Seth Williams Chief Quartermaster: BG Rufus Ingalls
General Headquarters:
Provost Guard: BG Marsena R. Patrick 1st Massachusetts Cavalry, Companies C and D 80th New York (20th Militia) 3rd Pennsylvania Cavalry 68th Pennsylvania 114th Pennsylvania
Engineer Troops: 50th New York Engineers Battalion United States Engineers
Guards and Orderlies: Independent Company Oneida (New York) Cavalry
II Corps
MG Winfield S. Hancock
Escort: 1st Vermont Cavalry, Company M
Division Brigade Regiments and OthersFirst Division
BG Francis C. Barlow 1st Brigade
Col Nelson A. Miles 26th Michigan 61st New York 81st Pennsylvania: Col H. Boyd McKeen 140th Pennsylvania 183rd Pennsylvania 2nd Brigade
Col Thomas A. Smyth 28th Massachusetts 63rd New York 69th New York 88th New York 116th Pennsylvania 3rd Brigade57th New York was on provost duty at Fredericksburg
Col Paul FrankRelieved for drunkenness on May 10, 1864 (see: Gordon C. Rhea, The Battles for Spotsylvania Court House and the Road to Yellow Tavern May 7–12, 1864, The Order of Battle)
Col Hiram L. Brown (c)Assigned May 10, 1864; captured May 12, 1864
Col Clinton D. MacDougall 39th New York 52nd New YorkDetachment 7th New York attached 111th New York: Col Clinton D. MacDougall 125th New York 126th New York 4th Brigade
Col John R. Brooke 2nd Delaware 64th New York 66th New York 53rd Pennsylvania 145th Pennsylvania: Col Hiram L. Brown 148th PennsylvaniaSecond Division
BG John Gibbon 1st Brigade
BG Alexander S. Webb (w)
Col H. Boyd McKeen 19th Maine 15th Massachusetts 19th Massachusetts 20th Massachusetts 1st Company Massachusetts Sharpshooters 7th Michigan 42nd New York 59th New York 82nd New York (2nd Militia) 2nd Brigade
BG Joshua T. Owen 152nd New York 69th Pennsylvania 71st Pennsylvania 72nd Pennsylvania 106th Pennsylvania 3rd Brigade
Col Samuel S. Carroll (w)
Col Theodore G. Ellis 14th Connecticut: Col Theodore G. Ellis 1st Delaware 14th Indiana 12th New Jersey 10th New York Battalion 108th New York 4th Ohio 8th Ohio 7th West Virginia Provost Guard 2nd Company Minnesota SharpshootersThird Division
MG David B. Birney 1st Brigade
BG J. H. Hobart WardRelieved for drunkenness on May 12, 1864 (see: Gordon C. Rhea, The Battles for Spotsylvania Court House and the Road to Yellow Tavern May 7–12, 1864, The Order of Battle)
Col Thomas W. Egan 20th Indiana 3rd Maine 40th New York: Col Thomas W. Egan 86th New York 124th New York 99th Pennsylvania 110th Pennsylvania 141st Pennsylvania 2nd United States Sharpshooters 2nd Brigade
Col John S. Crocker 4th Maine 17th Maine 3rd Michigan 5th Michigan 93rd New York 57th Pennsylvania 63rd Pennsylvania: Col William S. Kirkwood (mw), Cpt James F. Ryan 105th Pennsylvania 1st United States SharpshootersFourth DivisionAssigned as the Third and Fourth Brigades of the Third Division May 13, Mott taking command of the former and Brewster of the latter brigade (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 2, pages 709 and 711)
BG Gershom Mott 1st Brigade
Col Robert McAllister 1st Massachusetts 16th Massachusetts 5th New Jersey 6th New Jersey 7th New Jersey 8th New Jersey 11th New Jersey: Col Robert McAllister 26th Pennsylvania 115th Pennsylvania 2nd Brigade
Col William R. Brewster 11th Massachusetts 70th New York 71st New York 72nd New York 73rd New York 74th New York 120th New York 84th Pennsylvania Artillery Brigade
Col John C. Tidball Maine Light, 6th Battery (F) Massachusetts Light, 10th Battery New Hampshire Light, 1st Battery 1st New York Light, Battery G 4th New York Heavy, 3rd Battalion 1st Pennsylvania Light, Battery F 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery A 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery B 4th United States, Battery K 5th United States, Batteries C and I
V Corps
MG Gouverneur K. Warren
Provost Guard: 12th New York Battalion
Division Brigade Regiments and OthersFirst Division
BG Charles Griffin 1st Brigade
BG Romeyn B. Ayres 140th New York: Col George Ryan (k) 146th New York 91st Pennsylvania 155th Pennsylvania 2nd United States, Companies B, C, F, H, I, and K 11th United States, Companies B, C, D, E, F, and G, 1st Battalion 12th United States, Companies A, B, C, D, and G, 1st Battalion, and Companies A, C, D, F, and H, 2nd Battalion 14th United States, 1st Battalion 17th United States, Companies A, C, D, G, and H, 1st Battalion, and Companies A, B, and C, 2nd Battalion 2nd Brigade
Col Jacob B. Sweitzer 9th Massachusetts 22nd Massachusetts:2nd Company Massachusetts Sharpshooters attached Col William S. Tilton 32nd Massachusetts 4th Michigan 62nd Pennsylvania 3rd Brigade
BG Joseph J. Bartlett 20th Maine 18th Massachusetts 1st Michigan 16th MichiganBrady's Company Michigan Sharpshooters attached 44th New York 83rd Pennsylvania 118th PennsylvaniaSecond DivisionRobinson was wounded on May 8, 1864. On May 9, 1864 the division was temporarily disbanded, the First Brigade being attached to the Fourth Division, and the Second to the Third Division; the Third Brigade served as an independent command under direct orders of the corps commander. This arrangement continued till May 30, 1864.
BG John C. Robinson (w)
Col Richard Coulter 1st Brigade
Col Peter Lyle 16th Maine 13th Massachusetts 39th Massachusetts 104th New York 90th Pennsylvania 107th PennsylvaniaJoined May 16, 1864 2nd Brigade
Col Richard CoulterCoulter assumed command of the division and Bates of the brigade May 8, 1864. The former returned to the brigade May 9, 1864
Col James L. Bates 12th Massachusetts: Col James L. Bates 83rd New York (9th Militia) 97th New York 11th Pennsylvania 88th Pennsylvania 3rd Brigade
Col Andrew W. Denison (w)
Col Charles E. Phelps (c)
Col Richard N. Bowerman 1st Maryland 4th Maryland: Col Richard N. Bowerman 7th Maryland: Col Charles E. Phelps 8th MarylandThird Division
BG Samuel W. Crawford 1st Brigade
Col William McCandless (w)
Col William C. Talley (c)
Col Wellington H. Ent
Col Samuel M. Jackson 1st Pennsylvania Reserves: Col William C. Talley 2nd Pennsylvania Reserves 6th Pennsylvania Reserves: Col Wellington H. Ent 11th Pennsylvania Reserves: Col Samuel M. Jackson 13th Pennsylvania Reserves (1st Rifles) 3rd Brigade
Col Joseph W. Fisher 5th Pennsylvania Reserves 8th Pennsylvania ReservesLeft army May 15, 1864 10th Pennsylvania Reserves 12th Pennsylvania ReservesFourth Division
BG Lysander Cutler 1st Brigade
Col William W. Robinson 7th Indiana 19th Indiana 24th Michigan: Ltc William Wight, Maj Albert M. Edwards 1st New York Battalion Sharpshooters 2nd WisconsinProvost guard of division from May 11, 1864 6th Wisconsin 7th Wisconsin 2nd Brigade
BG James C. Rice (k)
Col Edward B. Fowler 76th New York 84th New York (14th Militia): Col Edward B. Fowler 95th New York 147th New York 56th Pennsylvania 3rd Brigade
Col Edward S. Bragg 121st Pennsylvania 142nd Pennsylvania 143rd Pennsylvania 149th Pennsylvania 150th Pennsylvania Artillery Brigade
Col Charles S. Wainwright Massachusetts Light, Battery C Massachusetts Light, Battery E 1st New York Light, Battery D 1st New York Light, Batteries E and L 1st New York Light, Battery H 4th New York Heavy, 2nd Battalion 1st Pennsylvania Light, Battery B 4th United States, Battery B 5th United States, Battery D
VI Corps
MG John Sedgwick (k)
BG Horatio G. Wright
Escort: