Joseph McCabe published A Biographical Dictionary of Modern Rationalists in 1920 (London: Watts & Co.). Most (though not all) of those listed were also included in A Biographical Dictionary of Ancient, Medieval and Modern Freethinkers (1945)

A Firmin Abauzit Ernst Abbe Francis Ellingwood Abbot George Frederick Abbott Leonard Dalton Abbott Edmond About Thomas Achelis or Thomas Ludwig Bernhard Achelis ( mentioned in :de:Thomas Otto Achelis, his son) ACKERMANN, Louise V. ACOLLAS, Professor E. ACOSTA, Uriel ADAM, Professor Charles, D. es L. ADAMS, Charles Francis ADAMS, Francis W. L. ADAMS, John, President of the United States ADAMS, Robert ADAMSON, Professor Robert, Ph.D. ADCOCK, A. St. John ADICKES, Professor E., Ph.D. ADLER, Professor Felix, Ph.D. AHRENS, Professor Heinrich, Ph.D. AIKENHEAD, Thomas AIRY, Sir George B., K.C.B., D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S. AITZEMA, Lieuwe van ALBEE, John ALCOTT, Amos Bronson ALEMBERT, Jean le Rond d' ALFIERI, Count V. ALGAROTTI, Count F. Thomas Clifford Allbutt ALLEN, Grant, B.A. ALLEN, Colonel Ethan ALLEN, John. M.D. ALLINGHAM, William ALLMAN, Professor G. J., LL.D., D.Sc., F.R.S. ALLSOP, Thomas ALTMEYER, Professor J. J., Ph.D., D.C.L. ALVIELLA, Count Goblet d' AMARI, Professor M. AMICIS, Edmondo de AMIEL, Henri F. ANDERSON, George

B Ba

François-Noël Babeuf Guido Baccelli Robert Bage Walter Bagehot Jens Immanuel Baggesen Julius Bahnsen Karl Friedrich Bahrdt Samuel Bailey George Baillie () Alexander Bain Mikhail Bakunin James Mark Baldwin

William Platt Ball () John Ballance José Manuel Balmaceda Eduard Baltzer Honoré de Balzac François-Désiré Bancel ( see :fr:François-Désiré Bancel) Hubert Howe Bancroft Giuseppe Baretti George Barlow Jane Barlow

Joel Barlow Antoine Barnave J. Edmestone Barnes () Jules Barni ( see :fr:Jules Barni and :hu:Jules Barni) François Odysse Barot () Thomas Squire Barrett () Jules Barthélemy-Saint-Hilaire Paul Joseph Barthez Hector Alexandre Bartoli ( see :fr:Hector Alexandre Bartoli) Theodor Bartošek ( see :cs:Theodor Bartošek) Giacomo Barzelotti () Johann Bernhard Basedow Marie Bashkirtseff John Baskerville Adolf Bastian Henry Charlton Bastian Frédéric Bastiat Henry Walter Bates Angelo Battelli Cesare Battisti Charles Pierre Baudelaire Wolf Wilhelm Friedrich von Baudissin Henri Baudrillart Bruno Bauer Edgar Bauer Ernest Belfort Bax Pierre Bayle

Be

Charles Marsh Beadnell () Louis de Beausobre August Bebel Cesare Beccaria Erich Becher ( see :de:Erich Becher and :sv:Erich Becher) Walter Frederick Becker () Hubert Beckers William Thomas Beckford Thomas Beddoes Thomas Lovell Beddoes Edward Spencer Beesly Ludwig van Beethoven Elphinstone Waters Begbie () Balthasar Bekker Thomas Evans Bell () Gustave Belot Hedwig Bender ( see :de:Hedwig Bender) Friedrich Eduard Beneke Alfred William Benn De Robigne Mortimer Bennett () Arnold Bennett Jeremy Bentham Pierre-Jean de Béranger Henri Louis Bergson John Berkenhout Hector Berlioz Claude Bernard Henry Meyners Bernard () Aaron Bernstein Eduard Bernstein Paul Bert Agostino Bertani Marcellin Berthelot Claude Louis Berthollet Domenico Berti ( see :it:Domenico Berti and :sv:Domenico Berti) Alphonse Bertillon Louis Bertillon George Berwick () Walter Besant Matilda Betham-Edwards Richard Bethell Saverio Bettinelli Marie-Henri Beyle

Bi

Aurelio Bianchi-Giovini ( see :it:Aurelio Bianchi-Giovini) Marie François Xavier Bichat Ambrose Bierce Alfred Binet Jean-Baptiste Biot William John Birch () George Birkbeck Richard Bithell () Georges Bizet Edwin August Björkmann () Bjornstjerne Bjornson Grigorevich Blagosvetlov () William Blake Louis Blanc Louis Auguste Blanqui Robert Blatchford Linley Blathwayt () Karl Bleibtreu Ange François Blein ( see :fr:Ange François Blein) Karl Blind Mathilde Blind Ivan Bloch Charles Blount (deist) Henry BLount Thomas Pope Blount Robert Blum

Bo

Manuel Maria Barbosa du Bocage Barbara Leigh Smith Bodichon Jean Bodin Wilhelm Boerner ()

Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux Nicolas Boindin ( see :fr:Nicolas Boindin) Marie-Louis-Antoine-Gaston Boissier Arrigo Boito Johan Bojer Wilhelm Bolin ( see :fi:Wilhelm Bolin and :sv:Wilhelm Bolin) Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke Simón Bolívar Wilhelm Bolsche Bernard Bolzano Jérôme Bonaparte

Napoléon Joseph Charles Paul Bonaparte Ruggero Bonghi Rosa Bonheur Filippo de Boni ( see :it:Filippo De Boni) Charles Bonnet John Bonnycastle Charles Victor de Bonstetten James Bonwick James Booth (lawyer) () Ignaz von Born Ludwig Börne George Borrow Bernard Bosanquet Louis Augustin Guillaume Bosc Christopher Jacob Boström Jacques Boucher de Crèvecœur de Perthes Louis Antoine de Bougainville Célestin Charles Alfred Bouglé Francisque Bouillier Henri de Boulainvilliers Nicolas Antoine Boulanger Léon Bourgeois Désiré-Magloire Bourneville Émile Boutmy Émile Boutroux Giovanni Bovio Charles Bowen, Baron Bowen Charles Bowman (secularist) () Hjalmar Hjorth Boyesen

Br

Edward William Brabrook Charles Bradlaugh Hypatia Bradlaugh Bonner Francis Herbert Bradley Hans Lien Brækstad ( see book translated? by him) Teófilo Braga Johannes Brahms

George Bramwell Edvard Brandes Georg Brandes Louis Brandin () Hjalmar Branting Lily Braun Wilhelm von Braun ( see :sv:Wilhelm von Braun) Charles Bray Wilhelm Breitenbach () Franz Brentano E. Cobham Brewer Henry Brewster (writer) () Aristide Briand

Horace J. Bridges () John Henry Bridges () Eugene Brieux Daniel Garrison Brinton Adolphe Brisson ( see :fr:Adolphe Brisson) Eugène Henri Brisson Jacques Pierre Brissot Augusta Cooper Bristol () Paul Broca Benjamin Collins Brodie Rupert Brooke Stopford Augustus Brooke William Brooksbank (writer) () Charles de Brosses François-Joseph-Victor Broussais Arthur Brown (jurist) () Ford Madox Brown George William Brown (reformer) () John Armour Brown () Titus L. Brown () Walston Hill Brown () William Montgomery Brown Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard Thomas Browne William George Browne Robert Browning Giordano Bruno

Bu

Walter James Buchanan () Robert Buchanan (Owenite) () Robert Williams Buchanan Alexander Büchner () Friedrich Büchner Henry Thomas Buckle Odón de Buen y del Cos Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon Ferdinand Buisson Charles Buller Luther Burbank Jakob Burckhardt Karl Friedrich Burdach Francis Burdett William Burdon () Thomas François Burgers Jean Lévesque de Burigny Thomas Burnet James Burnett, Lord Monboddo John Burnett Émile-Louis Burnouf Eugène Burnouf John Burns Robert Burns John Burroughs Thomas Burt John Hill Burton Richard Francis Burton J. B. Bury Samuel Butler, author of Hudibras Samuel Butler, novelist Vissarion Belinsky Lord Byron

C Ca

George-Paul-Sylvester Cabanis () Pierre Jean Georges Cabanis William Ralph Hall Caine () Wathen Mark Wilks Call () Laureano Calderón y Arana ( see :es:Laureano Calderón Arana) Salvador Calderón y Arana ( see :es:Salvador Calderón y Arana) Charles Callaway () Charles Stuart Calverley

Jean Jacques Régis de Cambacérès Thomas Campbell (poet) Giovanni Canestrini Stanislao Cannizzaro Tommaso Cannizzaro ( see :it:Tommaso Cannizzaro) Carlo Cantoni ( see :it:Carlo Cantoni) Emily Palmer Cape () Giosuè Carducci Richard Carlile Henry Carlton (jurist) () John Aitken Carlyle () Thomas Carlyle Andrew Carnegie Bartolomäus von Carneri () Lazare Hippolyte Carnot

Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot Marie François Sadi Carnot Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot Elme Marie Caro Queen Caroline Edward Carpenter William Benjamin Carpenter Herbert Wildon Carr

Jean-Louis Carra ( see :fr:Jean-Louis Carra) Jean Baptiste Nicholas Armand Carrel Moritz Carrière Julius Victor Carus Karl Gustav Carus Paul Carus Giovanni Jacques de Seingalt Casanova Jean Paul Pierre Casimir-Perier Otto Caspari ( see :de:Otto Caspari) Walter Richard Cassels David Castelli

Jean-Louis Castilhon Catherine the Great Carlo Cattaneo Giacomo Cattaneo () Charles Cattell () Éléonore-Louis Godefroi Cavaignac Felice Carlo Emmanuele Cavallotti Henry Cavendish Jean-Mamert Cayla () see :fr:Jean-Mamert Cayla) Émile-Honoré Cazelles ( see :s:fr:Auteur:Émile Cazelles)

Ce

Joseph Antoine Joachim Cerutti Giovanni Alfredo Cesareo ( see :it:Giovanni Alfredo Cesareo) Paul-Armand Challemel-Lacour Thomas Chaloner (regicide) Basil Hall Chamberlain Daniel Henry Chamberlain Houston Stewart Chamberlain Ephraim Chambers Robert Chambers (publisher, born 1802) Sebastien-Roch Nicolas Chamfort Adelbert von Chamisso Jean-François Champollion Francis Leggatt Chantrey John Chapman (publisher) Jean Antoine Claude Chaptal Victor Charbonnel ( but :fr:Victor Charbonnel has incoming links) Antoine Charma ( see :fr:Antoine Charma) Pierre Charron François-Jean de Chastellux Gabrielle Émilie du Châtelet Thomas Chatterton Pierre Gaspard Chaumette Pierre-Jean-Baptiste Chaussard Anton Pavlovich Chekhov André Marie Chénier Marie-Joseph Chénier Alice Chenoweth Charles Victor Cherbuliez Maria Luigi Carlo Zenobio Salvatore Cherubini Ramón Chíes y Gómez de Riofranco Lydia Maria Francis Child William Chilton (printer) Percival Chubb () Thomas Chubb Jules Arsène Arnaud Claretie Marcus Andrew Hislop Clarke Georges Eugène Benjamin Clemenceau Samuel Langhorne Clemens Martin Clifford William Kingdon Clifford Mrs. W. K. Clifford Henry Cline Edward Clodd Jean-Baptiste du Val-de-Grâce, baron de Cloots Arthur Hugh Clough Thomas Clouston

Co

Chapman Cohen Hermann Cohen Stanton Coit Henry John Coke () John Duke Coleridge Jean Guillaume César Alexandre Hippolyte, baron de Colins ( see :fr:Jean Hippolyte Colins de Ham) John Collier (painter) Christen Christian Dreyer Collin Anthony Collins John Churton Collins Lucy N. Colman Giovanni Battista Comazzi ( but we have lots of fleurons from his book. Cf. Henry Coventry (deist)) Andrew Combe George Combe Émile Justin Louis Combes Thomas Common Domenico Comparetti Jules Gabriel Compayré François-Charles-Louis Comte Isidore Marie Auguste François Xavier Comte Étienne Bonnot de Mably de Condillac Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas de Caritat, Marquis of Condorcet Marie Louise Sophie Grouchy, Marquise of Condorcet Richard Congreve Joseph Conrad Henri-Benjamin Constant de Rebecque Vasile Conta (Basil Conta) Hugh Conway Moncure Daniel Conway William Martin Conway Frederick Cornwallis Conybeare Keningale Robert Cook ( now only remembered as the husband of Mabel Collins) Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury John Gilbert Cooper Robert Cooper (Owenite) () Thomas Cooper Edward Drinker Cope Henri Arthur Marie Cornette () Otto Julius Bernhard von Corvin-Wiersbitzki Henry John Stedman Cotton Paul Louis Courier de Méré Leonard Henry Courtney William Leonard Courtney Victor Cousin Henry Coventry (deist) ( but we have lots of fleurons from his book. Cf. Giovanni Battista Comazzi ) William Coward Joseph Cowen

Johan Nikolai Cramer () Christopher Pearse Cranch Walter Crane William Randal Cremer Vincenzo Crescini ( see :it:Vincenzo Crescini) Benedetto Croce David Goodman Croly Henry Crompton () Mary Ann Cross (George Eliot) John Beattie Crozier () Franz-Valéry-Marie Cumont Heinrich Czolbe

D Da

Étienne Noël Damilaville Jean Philibert Damiron Vincenzo Dandolo Agnes Mary Frances Darmesteter James Darmesteter Frances Darusmont Charles Darwin Erasmus Darwin Francis Darwin George Howard Darwin Leonard Darwin Alphonse Daudet Pierre Claude François Daunou Jacques-Louis David Caroline Augusta Rhys Davids Thomas William Rhys Davids John Davidson (poet) Thomas Davidson (philosopher) Charles Maurice Davies Helen Hamilton Gardner Day

De

Élie Louis Marie Marc Antoine Debidour ( see :fr:Antonin Debidour) Lauro Adolfo De Bosis