The various states and civilizations in Iran (Persia) have had numerous capital cities and royal centers throughout history.
Ahar; Pishkinid dynasty Anshan; pre-Achaemenid era Ardabil; early Safavid era, Sajid Asaak; Parthian era royal center Astara; Ispahbads of Gilan Alamut Castle; Nizari Ismaili state Amol; Ziyarid, Alavid, Marashis, Dabuyid, Bavandid, Chalavi, (Parthian Empire climate capital) Babylon; Achaemenid era Baghdad; caliphates, Jalayerid, Buyid Balkh; in legend, the governmental center of the Kayanian dynasty Bardsir; Banu Ilyas Basra; Jalayerid Bukhara; Samanid era Ctesiphon; Parthian, Sasanian era Damavand; Masmughans of Damavand Dinavar; Hasanwayhids Diyarbakır; Aq Qoyunlu Fuman; Dabuyid Farim (Perim); Bavandid Firozkoh; Ghurid Firuzkuh; Chalavi Shahr-e Qumis (Hecatompylos); Parthian era Ghazna; Ghurid, Khwarazmid, Ghaznavid Gor (Firuzabad); Sasanian era Gorgan (Astarabad); Ziyarid, Alavids Herat; Ghurid, Kartids, Timurid Empire Hulwan; Annazids Ij (Ig); Shabankara Isfahan; Ziyarid dynasty, Kakuyid Emirate, Injuid dynasty, Seljuk era, Safavid era Istakhr; Sasanian era Izeh (Idaj); Hazaraspids Ecbatana (later Hamadan); Median Empire, Achaemenid era, Eldiguzids, Seljuks (Greater and Iraq Seljuks) Kerman; Muzaffarid, Qutlugh-Khanids Khorramabad; Khorshidi dynasty Kunya Urgench; early Khwarezmid era Lafur; Qarinvand dynasty Lankaran; Talysh Khanate Lahijan; Karkiya dynasty Maragheh; Ilkhanid, Ahmadilis, Sajid Mashhad; Malik Mahmud Sistanihttps://en.numista.com/catalogue/ruler.php?id=4171, Afsharid, Suleiman II Safavi, Autonomous Government of Khorasan Merv; capital during al-Mamun's caliphate, Seljuk Empire Mosul; winter capital during Qara Qoyunlu Nakhchivan; Eldiguzids Nishapur; Taherid, Simjurid, Lili ibn al-Nu'man, Seljuk, Muayyid eras Nisa, Turkmenistan; periodical capital of the Parthian era Pasargadae; Achaemenid Persepolis; Achaemenid ceremonial capital Rey (Rhagae); Median, Ziyarid, Buyid, Seljuk Empire Rudbar; Justanids Qaen; Muhtashams of Quhistan a branch of Nizari Ismaili State Qazvin; early Safavid era Sari; Qajar, Dabuyid, Alavid, Bavandid, Marashis Sabzevar; Sarbadars Samarkand; Samanid, Khwarazmid, Timurid era Shiraz; Buyid dynasty, Injuid dynasty, Muzaffarid dynasty, Salghurid dynasty, Zand era Soltaniyeh; Ilkhanid Susa; Achaemenid, Parthian era Tabriz; Ilkhanid, Khwarezmid, Rawadid, Chupanid, Jalayerid, Eldiguzids, Kara Koyunlu, Aq Qoyunlu, early Safavid era Tabas; Amir Gilaki Dyansty Tarom; Sallarid Tun; Muhtashams of Quhistan a branch of Nizari Ismaili State Tus; Jauni Qurbani Dynasty Yazd; Kakuyid, Atabegs of Yazd Zaranj; Saffarid dynasty, Mihrabanid, Nasrid Tehran; Qajar era, Pahlavi era, Islamic Republic of Iran 1796–present
See also Iran Ancient Iran Afghanistan
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