This is an incomplete list of former heads of regimes, like presidents, prime ministers and monarchs, who were sentenced to death by the succeeding regime.
Leader Country Born Title Died Notes Li Si China (Qin dynasty) Chancellor (? to 208 BCE) Executed by waist chop Zhao Gao Unknown Chancellor (208 BC–207 BC) Executed Ying Ziying Emperor (207 BC) Executed prisoner of war Sima Chi China (Western Jin) Emperor (307 to 311) Sima Ye Emperor (313 to 316) Wen Tianxiang China (Song dynasty) Chancellor (1275–78) Zhao Xian Emperor (1274–76) Ordered to commit suicide Queen (1553) Executed (beheaded by axe) Mary, Queen of Scots Queen of Scotland (1542–1567) Executed (beheaded with axe) Charles I of England King (1625–1649) Executed by decapitation Louis XVI King (1774–1792) Executed by decapitation (guillotine) France President (1793–1794) Agustín I Regent (1821–1822)Emperor (1822–1823) Executed by firing squad President (1829, 1830–1834, 1835–1839) Prime minister (1848) President (1858, 1859–1860, 1861–1863) Maximilian I Mexico Emperor (1864–1867) President (1870–1871) Sentenced to death, died in uncertain circumstances before sentence was carried out Nicholas II 6 May 1868, in the Julian calendar Emperor (1894–1917) 4 July 1918, in the Julian calendar Shot along with his family Omar al-Mukhtar Libya Ruler of Senussi Zawiyas (1896–1931) Executed by hanging Peljidiin Genden 1892 President (1924–1927)Prime minister (1932–1936) Executed by firing squad Prime minister (1944) Prime minister (1943–1944) Prime minister (1940–1943) Prime minister (1922–1943) Prime Minister (1943–1945) Minister president (1942–1945) Prime minister (1941-1942) Prime minister (1938-1939) Nationleader, Prime minister (1944–1945) Executed by hanging Prime minister (1940–1944) Executed by firing squad Chen Gongbo President (1944–1945) Prime minister (1944) Executed by firing squad Chancellor (1938) Executed by hanging Liang Hongzhi 1882 Chairman (1938–1940) Executed by firing squad President (1939–1945) Executed by hanging Prime minister (1941–1944) Head of state (1940–1944) Sentence commuted to life imprisonment Prime minister (1953–1955, 1956) Executed by hanging Prime Minister (1960) Executed by firing squad Prime minister (1950–1960) Executed by hanging Prime minister (1958-1963) Executed by firing squad President (1963–1968)Prime minister (1963) President (1969–1978) President (1971–1973)Prime minister (1973–1977) Executed by hanging Prime minister (1965–1977) Executed by firing squad President (1972–1979) Equatorial Guinea President (1968–1979) Grenada Prime minister (1979–1983) President (1950–1960)Prime minister (1937–1939) Sentence commuted; released in 1964 President (1965–1986) Sentence commuted; released in 22 October 1940 President (1967–1989) Executed by firing squad President (1987–1992) Executed by hanging Emperor (1976–1979)President (1966–1976) Sentence commuted; released in 1993 Georgios Papadopoulos Prime Minister (1967–1973)Regent (1972–1973)President (1973) Sentence commuted to life imprisonment Saddam Hussein President (1979–2003) Executed by hanging President (1968–1969) Convicted in absentia President (1968–1991) Sentence commuted; released in 2002 Chun Doo-hwan President (1980–1988) Sentence commuted; released in 1997 Pervez Musharraf President (2001–2008) Convicted in absentia. Ruling overturned by higher court. Mengistu Haile Mariam Head of state (1977–1987)President (1987–1991) Living Convicted in absentia Joseph Kabila President (2001–2019)Acting President (2001) Sheikh Hasina Prime Minister (1996–2001; 2009–2024) President (2000–2024) Convicted in absentia
See also List of heads of regimes who were later imprisoned
Footnotes
External links The lives, deaths of dictators