A chatbot is a software application or web interface that is designed to mimic human conversation through text or voice interactions. Modern chatbots are typically online and use generative AI (GenAI) systems that are capable of maintaining a conversation with a user in natural language and simulating the way a human would behave as a conversational partner. Such chatbots often use large language models (LLMs) and natural language processing, but simpler chatbots have existed for decades.
LLM chatbots Chatbot Developer Released Platform Technology License Notes ChatGPT OpenAI 2022-11-30 Web app, iOS, Android GPT-4, GPT-4o, GPT-4o mini Claude Anthropic 2023–03 Web app, iOS Claude 2.1 Copilot Microsoft 2023-02-07 Web app, Windows, iOS, Android Microsoft Prometheus, GPT-4 Launched as Bing Chat DeepSeek DeepSeek 2025-01-10 Web app, iOS, Android DeepSeek R1, V3 and V4 Virtual assistantDoubaoByteDance2023-08Web app, iOS, Android? Ernie Bot Baidu 2023-03-16 ? ? ? Gemini Google 2023-03-21 Web app, Android, iOS Gemini family of models Virtual assistant GigaChat Sberbank 2023–04 Web app, iOS, Android GigaChat Grok xAI 2023-11-04 Web app, iOS, Android Grok Limited usage for all registered users on X. HKChat HKChat OmniServe Limited 2025-11-20 Web app, iOS, Android HKGAI V1 LLM Kimi Moonshot AI 2023-11-16 Web app, iOS, Android Kimi family of models Leo Brave Software 2023-11-02 Web app, Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, Android LLaMA 4, Claude and others ? Included with the Brave browser Meta AI Meta AI 2023-09-27 Web app, Windows, macOS, iOS, Android Muse Spark ? Included with the Meta's appsMistral Vibe Mistral AI 2024-02-26 Web app, iOS, Android Mistral, Magistral, Codestral and Devstral GDPR-compliant Perplexity Aravind Srinivas 2022-12-07 Web app, Windows, macOS, iOS, Android Sonar ? Q Amazon 2023-11-28 Web app Amazon Titan, Amazon Bedrock, generative pre-trained transformers ? Developed for enterprise use Qwen Alibaba Group 2023-09-01 Web app, Android Qwen1.5, Qwen2, Qwen3 ?
General chatbots Chatbot Developer Released Platform Technology License Notes Alexa Amazon 2014-11-06 Fire OS, iOS, Android, Linux, Windows, Wear OS Largely based on a Polish speech synthesizer named Ivona, bought by Amazon in 2013 Virtual assistant Alice Yandex 2017-10-10 Web app, Windows, iOS, Android YandexGPT Virtual assistant AliGenieAlibaba Group 2017-07-05 ? ? ? Virtual assistant Bixby Samsung Electronics 2017-04-21 Android, Tizen, Windows, Wear OS ? Virtual assistant Braina Brainasoft 2014-02-09 or earlier Windows Various Virtual assistant and speech-to-text dictation applicationCeliaHuawei 2020-04-27 Android, EMUI, HarmonyOS Huawei PanGu Virtual assistant designed for the latest HarmonyOS and Android-based EMUI smartphones that lack Google Services and the Google Assistant Chai Chai 2021-09-01 API, iOS, Android Chatbot platform ChatBotText2019-08API, Web app? Launched as BotEngine Cleverbot Rollo Carpenter 2008–10 Web app ? ? Winner of the 2010 Mechanical Intelligence Competition Clova Naver Corporation 2017-03-01 iOS, Android ? ? Virtual assistant Google Assistant Google 2016-05-18 Android, ChromeOS, iOS, iPadOS, KaiOS, Linux, Android TV, Wear OS ? Virtual assistant Jabberwacky Rollo Carpenter 1997 Web app ? ? Predecessor to Cleverbot Kuki Steve Worswick 2005 Web app, various social networks Pandorabots AIML ? Embodied five-time Loebner Prize winner designed to befriend humans in the metaverse Lenny 2011 ? ? An audio bot designed to annoy telemarketers MegaHAL Jason Hutchens 1995-04-30 Web app, command line Markov chain (4th order) SILVIA Cognitive Code 2008-01-01 Windows, macOS, iOS, Android ? Core platform technology SimSimi ISMaker 2002 Web app, iOS, Android ? ? Siri Apple Inc. 2011-10-05 iOS, iPadOS, watchOS, macOS, tvOS, audioOS, visionOS ? Virtual assistant Ultra Hal Robert Medeksza 2000-12-04 or earlier Windows ? 2007 Loebner Prize winner intended to function as a virtual assistant Xiaowei Tencent 2017-06 (late in the month) ? ? ? Virtual assistant
Historical chatbots Chatbot Developer Released Discontinued Platform Technology License Notes Albert One Robby Garner 1995 June 2005 The Internet Based on a multi-faceted approach in natural-language programming ? 1998 and 1999 Loebner Prize winner designed to mimic the way humans make conversations Artificial Linguistic Internet Computer Entity Richard Wallace 1995-11-23Thompson 2002, p. 2 2013-10-15 ? AIML Henderson 2007, pg. 127 Three-time Loebner Prize winner Assistant Speaktoit 2011-03-01 2016-12-15 Android, iOS, Windows Phone, Windows 8, Windows 10, ChromeOS ? ? A virtual assistant acquired by Google, unrelated to the Google Assistant Charlix ? 2006-04-17 2010-03-03 Linux Based on Artificial Linguistic Internet Computer Entity Desktop virtual assistant Cortana Microsoft 2014-04-02 2023-08-11 Windows, Windows Phone, iOS, Android, Xbox OS Tellme Networks, Satori, Microsoft Eva A deprecated virtual assistant succeeded by Copilot; originally named after character in Xbox Halo video game Dr. Sbaitso Creative Labs 1991-06 or earlier PC Mag Oct 29, 1991 p.67 advertisement ? MS-DOS Speech synthesis ? Initially released in Singapore ELIZA Joseph Weizenbaum 1964 1967 (stopped development) ? Pattern matching, MAD-SLIP, lisp-like representation ? Developed at MIT Eugene Goostman Vladimir Veselov, Eugene Demchenko, Sergey Ulasen 2001 2014-06-07 ? ? ? 2012 Turing 100 and 2014 Royal Society Turing test winner some regard as having passed the Turing test Evi True Knowledge 2012–10 2014-01-23 iOS, Android ? ? Virtual assistant Fred Robby Garner 1997-12-01 or earlierL. Caputo, R. Garner, P. Nathan. "FRED, Milton and Barry: the evolution of intelligent agents for the Web", Advances in intelligent systems, 1997. portal.acm.org ? ? ? ? GooglyMinotaur ActiveBuddy (under contract by Capitol Records) 2001–06 2002-03-24 AIM ? ? ActiveBuddy's first offering, specializing in Radiohead-related information Infobot Kevin Lenzo 1995–06 ? IRC Perl, factoids An IRC bot primarily designed to assist with answering FAQs in channels such as #perl Jeeney AI C.J. Jones 2007-02Chatbot Jeeney A.I., chatbots.org (Retrieved 21 February 2024). 2010 ? ? ? 2009 Chatterbox Challenge winnerEhab El-agizy, (June 30, 2009) Chatterbox Challenge 2009 Winners, chatbots.org Mark V Shaney Rob Pike, Bruce Ellis, Don P. Mitchell 1981 ? Usenet Markov chain techniques ? A synthetic user whose postings in the net.singles newsgroups were generated based on text from other postings Mycroft Mycroft team 2015-11-17 2023-01-31 Linux ? Virtual assistant PARRY Kenneth Colby 1972 ? ? ? ? An early example of a chatbot Racter Mindscape (publisher) 1984 ? IBM PC compatibles, Apple II, Mac, Amiga ? ? Was able to generate English-language prose at random SmarterChild ActiveBuddy 2001–06 2006-10-12 AIM, Windows Live Messenger ? ? The second bot released by ActiveBuddy Sparrow Google DeepMind 2022–09 2023-01-12 Web app Chinchilla Tay Microsoft 2016-03-23 2016-03-24 Twitter ? ? Rapidly decayed into producing racist bigotry after manipulation by online trolls (from 4chan and 8chan); suspended after 16 hours Verbot Avaya 1997 2012 (early in the year) Microsoft Windows, web app ? ? An artificial intelligence software development kit Viv Viv Labs, Inc. (subsidiary of Samsung Electronics) 2016-05-09 2017-10-18 iOS, Android Integrated into Bixby 2.0 ? Virtual assistant Zo Microsoft 2016-12 2019-09-07 Facebook, GroupMe, Kik, Twitter ? ?
See also Cursor (code editor) — Fork of VS Code with additional AI features J.A.R.V.I.S. — AI from Iron Man List of AI-assisted software development tools List of large language models List of artificial intelligence companies OpenClaw — Agentic AI native desktop application that performs actions on a user's computer OpenRouter The Pile (dataset), public data used to train many research models
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