Hogna is a genus of wolf spiders with more than 200 described species. It is found on all continents except Antarctica.
Lifestyle They live in burrows that are open and not closed with a trapdoor.
Description
The genus has never been properly revised, even in Europe, and a reliable diagnosis is lacking.
The genitalia are very conservative and closely resemble those of many other lycosine genera, making diagnosis on genitalic characters alone difficult. Characters that may be significant include the form of the female epigyne with a very long, relatively narrow longitudinal bar of the central T-shaped structure, the dorsal color pattern with the central longitudinal pale stripe of the prosoma extending the full length as far as the posterior median eyes, the abdominal pattern with a central lanceolate mark flanked by two darker longitudinal stripes, and the dense ventral scopulae present on tarsi and metatarsi of all legs.
However, the African fauna includes specimens that differ somewhat from this in either genitalic or somatic characters, some appearing intermediate between Hogna and Trochosa.
Hogna carolinensis is among the largest spiders found in the United States; females may have a body length of from to . The carapace of H. carolinensis is characterized by an overall dark brown coloration, usually without any patterned variations. Its abdomen has a slightly darker stripe down its center, and its ventral side is black. This spider typically dwells in a vertical tube dug into the ground that may reach as deep as eight inches.
Taxonomy The genus is in need of revision.
Etymology The word Hogna might be a rough latinization of one of the Greek words ὄχνη (ókhnē) "pear" or ὄγχνη (ónkhnē) "pear-tree".
Species
, this genus includes 229 species and four subspecies.
These species have articles on Wikipedia:
Hogna adjacens Roewer, 1959 – South Africa Hogna antelucana (Montgomery, 1904) – United States Hogna arborea Lo, Wei & Cheng, 2023 – Taiwan Hogna baltimoriana (Keyserling, 1877) – Canada, United States Hogna bimaculata (Purcell, 1903) – Namibia, Botswana, South Africa Hogna carolinensis (Walckenaer, 1805) – Canada, United States, Mexico Hogna coloradensis (Banks, 1894) – United States, Mexico Hogna denisi Roewer, 1959 – South Africa Hogna deweti Roewer, 1959 – South Africa Hogna ericeticola (Wallace, 1942) – United States Hogna frondicola (Emerton, 1885) – Canada, United States Hogna idonea Roewer, 1959 – South Africa Hogna infulata Roewer, 1959 – South Africa Hogna ingens (Blackwall, 1857) – Madeira Hogna lawrencei (Roewer, 1960) – Botswana, South Africa Hogna lenta (Hentz, 1844) – United States Hogna lupina (Karsch, 1879) – Sri Lanka Hogna miami (Wallace, 1942) – United States Hogna pseudoceratiola (Wallace, 1942) – United States Hogna radiata (Latreille, 1817) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Middle East, Iran, Kazakhstan, Central Asia (type species) H. r. minor (Simon, 1876) – Mediterranean Hogna schreineri (Purcell, 1903) – Namibia, South Africa Hogna simoni Roewer, 1959 – Cameroon, DR Congo, Angola, South Africa Hogna spenceri (Pocock, 1898) – Rwanda, South Africa, Eswatini Hogna thetis (Simon, 1909) – São Tomé and Príncipe Hogna transvaalica (Simon, 1898) – Botswana, South Africa Hogna unicolor Roewer, 1959 – Mozambique, South Africa Hogna zuluana Roewer, 1959 – South Africa
Hogna ackermanni Logunov, 2020 – Afghanistan Hogna adjacens Roewer, 1959 – South Africa Hogna agadira (Roewer, 1960) – Morocco Hogna albemarlensis (Banks, 1902) – Galapagos Hogna alexandria (Roewer, 1960) – Egypt Hogna ammophila (Wallace, 1942) – United States Hogna andina (Chamberlin, 1916) – Peru Hogna andreinii Reimoser, 1937 – Ethiopia Hogna angusta (Tullgren, 1901) – United States Hogna antelucana (Montgomery, 1904) – United States Hogna antiguiana Roewer, 1955 – Antigua and Barbuda (Antigua) Hogna arborea Lo, Wei & Cheng, 2023 – Taiwan Hogna archaeologica (Chamberlin, 1925) – Mexico Hogna argentinensis (Mello-Leitão, 1941) – Argentina Hogna atramentata (Karsch, 1879) – Central, East Africa Hogna auricoma (Keyserling, 1891) – Brazil Hogna badia (Keyserling, 1877) – Cuba, Central America Hogna balearica (Thorell, 1873) – Spain (Balearic Is.) Hogna baliana Roewer, 1959 – Cameroon Hogna baltimoriana (Keyserling, 1877) – Canada, United States Hogna bellatrix (L. Koch, 1865) – Australia Hogna beniana (Strand, 1913) – Central, East Africa Hogna bergsoei (Thorell, 1875) – Caucasus (Russia), Turkmenistan Hogna bhougavia Roewer, 1960 – Afghanistan Hogna bicoloripes (Roewer, 1960) – Cameroon Hogna bifasciata (Buchar, 1997) – Bhutan, China Hogna bimaculata (Purcell, 1903) – Namibia, Botswana, South Africa Hogna birabeni (Mello-Leitão, 1938) – Argentina Hogna bivittata (Mello-Leitão, 1939) – Argentina Hogna blackwalli (Johnson, 1862) – Madeira Hogna bonifacioi Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines Hogna bottegoi Caporiacco, 1940 – Ethiopia Hogna bowonglangi (Merian, 1911) – Indonesia (Sulawesi) Hogna brevitarsis (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902) – Mexico to Panama Hogna brunnea (Bösenberg, 1895) – Canary Islands Hogna bruta (Karsch, 1880) – Polynesia Hogna burti (Hickman, 1944) – Australia (South Australia) Hogna caduca (Karsch, 1880) – Hawaii Hogna canariana (Roewer, 1960) – Canary Islands Hogna carolinensis (Walckenaer, 1805) – Canada, United States, Mexico Hogna chickeringi (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936) – Panama Hogna cinica (Tongiorgi, 1977) – St. Helena Hogna coloradensis (Banks, 1894) – United States, Mexico Hogna colosii (Caporiacco, 1947) – Guyana Hogna commota (Gertsch, 1934) – Colombia Hogna conspersa (L. Koch, 1882) – Spain (Balearic Is.) Hogna constricta (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902) – Guatemala Hogna cosquin (Mello-Leitão, 1941) – Argentina Hogna crispipes (L. Koch, 1877) – Australia (mainland, Norfolk Is.), New Guinea, Vanuatu, Polynesia, New Zealand Hogna dauana Roewer, 1959 – Ethiopia Hogna defucata Roewer, 1959 – DR Congo Hogna denisi Roewer, 1959 – South Africa Hogna deweti Roewer, 1959 – South Africa Hogna diyari Framenau, Gotch & Austin, 2006 – Australia (Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia) Hogna duala Roewer, 1959 – Cameroon Hogna effera (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) – Cyprus, Turkey, Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Yemen (Sokotra), Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Iraq, Iran Hogna efformata Roewer, 1959 – Namibia Hogna electa Roewer, 1959 – Tanzania Hogna enecens Roewer, 1959 – Kenya Hogna ericeticola (Wallace, 1942) – United States Hogna espanola Baert & Maelfait, 2008 – Galapagos Hogna estrix Roewer, 1959 – Namibia Hogna etoshana Roewer, 1959 – Namibia Hogna exigua (Roewer, 1960) – Namibia Hogna exsiccatella (Strand, 1916) – Guatemala Hogna felina (L. Koch, 1878) – Azerbaijan Hogna ferocella (Strand, 1916) – Canary Islands Hogna ferox (Lucas, 1838) – Canary Islands, Madeira, Spain, Malta, North Africa Hogna filicum (Karsch, 1880) – Polynesia Hogna flava Roewer, 1959 – Namibia Hogna forsteri Caporiacco, 1955 – Venezuela Hogna fraissei (L. Koch, 1882) – Spain (Majorca) Hogna frondicola (Emerton, 1885) – Canada, United States Hogna furva (Thorell, 1899) – Sierra Leone, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea (Bioko) H. f. cingulipes (Simon, 1909) – Equatorial Guinea (Annobon Is.) Hogna furvescens (Simon, 1910) – Botswana Hogna gabonensis Roewer, 1959 – Gabon Hogna galapagoensis (Banks, 1902) – Galapagos Hogna graeca (Roewer, 1951) – Greece, Turkey, Israel Hogna gratiosa Roewer, 1959 – Tanzania (Zanzibar) Hogna grazianii (Caporiacco, 1939) – Ethiopia Hogna gumia (Petrunkevitch, 1911) – Bolivia Hogna guttatula (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902) – Mexico Hogna hawaiiensis (Simon, 1899) – Hawaii Hogna heeri (Thorell, 1875) – Madeira Hogna hendrickxi Baert & Maelfait, 2008 – Galapagos Hogna hereroana (Roewer, 1960) – Namibia Hogna hibernalis (Strand, 1906) – Ethiopia Hogna hickmani Caporiacco, 1955 – Venezuela Hogna hippasimorpha (Strand, 1913) – Central Africa Hogna idonea Roewer, 1959 – South Africa Hogna indefinida (Mello-Leitão, 1941) – Argentina Hogna infulata Roewer, 1959 – South Africa Hogna ingens (Blackwall, 1857) – Madeira Hogna inhambania Roewer, 1955 – Mozambique Hogna inominata (Simon, 1886) – Thailand Hogna inops (Thorell, 1890) – Indonesia (Sumatra, Borneo, Sulawesi) H. i. lompobattangi (Merian, 1911) – Indonesia (Sulawesi) H. i. masarangi (Merian, 1911) – Indonesia (Sulawesi) Hogna insulana (L. Koch, 1882) – Spain (Majorca) Hogna insularum (Kulczyński, 1899) – Madeira Hogna interrita Roewer, 1959 – Zimbabwe Hogna irascibilis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885) – India Hogna irumua (Strand, 1913) – Central Africa Hogna isambertoi Crespo, 2022 – Madeira Hogna jacquesbreli Baert & Maelfait, 2008 – Galapagos Hogna jiafui Peng, Yin, Zhang & Kim, 1997 – China Hogna juanensis (Strand, 1907) – Mozambique Hogna junco Baert & Maelfait, 2008 – Galapagos Hogna kabwea Roewer, 1959 – Congo Hogna kankunda Roewer, 1959 – Congo Hogna karschi (Roewer, 1951) – São Tomé and Príncipe Hogna kuyani Framenau, Gotch & Austin, 2006 – Australia Hogna labrea (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942) – United States Hogna lacertosa (L. Koch, 1877) – Australia (South Australia) Hogna lambarenensis (Simon, 1909) – Congo Hogna landanae (Simon, 1878) – West Africa, Angola Hogna landanella Roewer, 1959 – Angola Hogna lawrencei (Roewer, 1960) – Botswana, South Africa Hogna lenta (Hentz, 1844) – United States Hogna leprieuri (Simon, 1876) – Algeria Hogna leucocephala (L. Koch, 1879) – Kazakhstan Hogna levis (Karsch, 1879) – West, Central Africa Hogna liberiaca Roewer, 1959 – Liberia Hogna likelikeae (Simon, 1900) – Hawaii Hogna litigiosa Roewer, 1959 – Angola Hogna longitarsis (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902) – Mexico, Costa Rica, Panama Hogna luctuosa (Mello-Leitão, 1947) – Brazil Hogna luederitzi (Simon, 1910) – Namibia Hogna lufirana (Roewer, 1960) – Congo Hogna lupina (Karsch, 1879) – Sri Lanka Hogna maasi (Gertsch & Wallace, 1937) – Mexico Hogna mabwensis Roewer, 1959 – Congo Hogna maderiana (Walckenaer, 1837) – Madeira Hogna magnoseptum (Guy, 1966) – Morocco Hogna maheana Roewer, 1959 – Seychelles Hogna manicola (Strand, 1906) – Ethiopia Hogna maroccana (Roewer, 1960) – Morocco Hogna maruana (Roewer, 1960) – Cameroon Hogna massaiensis (Roewer, 1960) – Tanzania Hogna massauana Roewer, 1959 – Eritrea Hogna maurusia (Simon, 1909) – Morocco Hogna medellina (Strand, 1914) – Colombia Hogna miami (Wallace, 1942) – United States Hogna migdilybs (Simon, 1886) – Senegal Hogna morosina (Banks, 1909) – Costa Rica Hogna munoiensis Roewer, 1959 – Congo Hogna nairobia (Roewer, 1960) – Kenya Hogna nervosa (Keyserling, 1891) – Brazil Hogna nigerrima (Roewer, 1960) – Tanzania Hogna nigrosecta (Mello-Leitão, 1940) – Argentina Hogna nimia Roewer, 1959 – Tanzania Hogna nonannulata Wunderlich, 1995 – Madeira Hogna nychthemera (Bertkau, 1880) – Brazil Hogna oaxacana (Gertsch & Wallace, 1937) – Mexico Hogna ocellata (L. Koch, 1878) – Azerbaijan Hogna ocyalina (Simon, 1910) – Botswana Hogna optabilis Roewer, 1959 – Congo Hogna ornata (Perty, 1833) – Brazil Hogna osceola (Gertsch & Wallace, 1937) – United States Hogna otaviensis (Roewer, 1960) – Namibia Hogna pardalina (Bertkau, 1880) – Brazil Hogna parvagenitalia (Guy, 1966) – Canary Islands Hogna patens Roewer, 1959 – Zimbabwe Hogna patricki (Purcell, 1903) – Southern Africa Hogna pauciguttata Roewer, 1959 – Mozambique Hogna persimilis (Banks, 1898) – Mexico Hogna perspicua Roewer, 1959 – Ethiopia Hogna petersi (Karsch, 1878) – Mozambique Hogna petiti (Simon, 1877) – Congo Hogna placata Roewer, 1959 – Lesotho Hogna posticata (Banks, 1904) – United States Hogna principum (Simon, 1909) – São Tomé and Príncipe Hogna propria Roewer, 1959 – Tanzania Hogna proterva Roewer, 1959 – Congo Hogna pseudoceratiola (Wallace, 1942) – United States