Law enforcement in the People's Republic of China is the responsibility of public security agencies, including the People's Police and People's Armed Police in mainland China. Hong Kong and Macau have separate law enforcement agencies, different legal systems, and are classified as separate jurisdictions under the one country, two systems framework. However, the Hong Kong Police Force (HKPF) and Public Security Police Force in Macau often cooperate with the mainland MPS on cases involving cross border crime.
Overview The national security system is made up of the Ministry of Public Security (MPS) and the Ministry of State Security (MSS), the People's Armed Police (PAP), the People's Liberation Army (PLA), and the state judicial, procuratorial, and penal systems. The Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission vets all law enforcement officers and legal officials for political reliability.
The Ministry of Public Security (MPS) oversees all domestic police activity in China. The ministry is responsible for police operations and detention centers and has dedicated departments for internal political, economic, and communications security. The Ministry of State Security (MSS) was established in 1983 to ensure "the security of the state through effective measures against enemy agents, spies, and counterrevolutionary activities designed to sabotage or overthrow China's socialist system." The Ministry of Justice maintains oversees the operation of prisons.
Judicial system
Key organizations
Ministry of Public Security
People's Armed Police
Chengguan
Police vehicles Police cars in the mainland are white with a dark blue swoosh painted on the side such as BYD e6. Police cars in Hong Kong and Macau use local liveries.
See also
Crime in China Court system of the People's Republic of China Law of the People's Republic of China Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China Public Security Bureau (PSB) People's Armed Police Ministry of State Security of the People's Republic of China Ministry of Justice of the People's Republic of China Terrorism in the People's Republic of China Custody and repatriation 1982 -2003 Secretariat for Security (Macau) Macau Security Force Public Security Police Force Law enforcement in Hong Kong Security Bureau (Hong Kong) Hong Kong Police Force Judiciary of Hong Kong Department of Justice (Hong Kong) Judiciary of Macau Legal system of Macau Secretary for Justice (Macau)
Notes
References Citations
Sources
Kam C. Wong, Chinese Policing: History and Reform (N.Y.: Peter Lang, 2009) Kam C. Wong, Police Reform in China (Taylor and Francis, 2011) Kam C. Wong, Cyberspace Governance in China (Nova Science Publisher, 2011)