Euploea is a genus of milkweed butterflies. The species are generally dark in colouration, often quite blackish, for which reason they are commonly called crows. As usual for their subfamily, they are poisonous due to feeding on milkweeds and other toxic plants as caterpillars. The latter are aposematically colored to warn off predators from eating them, and the adult butterflies are often mimicked by unrelated species which are not or less poisonous.They are medium to large butterflies with a slender body and large, relatively narrow wings. The body is black with white spots.The typical butterfly wing colouring is dark blue, dark brown, or black often with white spots and ray-like stripes in the outer part.In some species the blue is or violet is shimmering metallic (structural as in Morpho and Arhopala) Caterpillars, on the other hand, are brightly coloured.Hans Fruhstorfer in Seitz, A. (ed.) (1908–1928): Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde, 9 Band, Die indo-australischen Tagfalter. — VIII + 1197 + VI pp., 177 pls., Stuttgart (A. Kernen) Carpenter, Hale, G.D. 1953.The genus Euploea (Lepidoptera: Danaidae) in Micronesia, Melanesia, Polynesia and Australia. A zoo-geographical study.Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 1953.Treadaway, C. G. (2012): Nymphalidae XXI, Euploea of the Philippine Islands. — In: Bauer, E., & Frankenbach, T. (eds.), Butterflies of the world, 37: 1–10, 28 pls. — Keltern (Goecke and Evers). Butler, A.G. 1866 A Monograph of the diurnal Lepidoptera belonging to the Genus Euploea, with Descriptions of many new Species, founded principally on the Specimens in the Collection of the British Museum Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1866 (2) : 268-302, pl. 29-30
Species Listed alphabetically."Euploea Fabricius, 1807" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms Euploea albicosta – Biak dark crow Euploea alcathoe – no-brand crow, striped black crow Euploea alcathoe enastri – Gove crow Euploea algea – long-branded blue crow, mournful crow, Algea crow Euploea andamanensis – Andaman crow Euploea asyllus Euploea batesii Euploea blossomae – Schaus's crow Euploea boisduvali Euploea caespes – Murphy's crow Euploea camaralzeman – Malayan crow Euploea climena Euploea configurata – Sulawesi striped blue crow Euploea cordelia – Cordelia crow Euploea core – common crow Euploea corinna – Australian common crow Euploea crameri – spotted black crow Euploea darchia – small brown crow Euploea dentiplaga – Seram crow Euploea desjardinsii Euploea doretta – Pagenstecher's crow Euploea doubledayi – striped black crow Euploea eboraci – Bismark crow Euploea eleusina – Vollenhov's crow Euploea eunice – blue-banded king crow Euploea eupator – Vanoort's crow Euploea euphon – Mascarene crow Euploea eurianassa Euploea eyndhovii Euploea gamelia – Javan crow Euploea goudotii Euploea hewitsonii – Hewitson's dwarf crow Euploea klugii – blue king crow Euploea lacon – Spartan crow Euploea latifasciata – Weymer's crow, broad-banded crow Euploea leucostictos – orange-flash crow Euploea lewinii Euploea magou – magou crow Euploea martinii – Sumatran crow Euploea midamus – blue spotted crow Euploea mitra – Seychelles crow Euploea modesta Euploea morosa Euploea mulciber – striped blue crow Euploea nechos Euploea netscheri Euploea orontobates
Euploea phaenareta – great crow,Kirton, Laurence G. (2014). A Naturalist's Guide to the Butterflies of Peninsular Malayasia, Singapore and Thailand. Oxford:John Beaufoy Publ., p.55. large crow Euploea phaenareta juvia – Taiwan or juvia large crow, extinct (1960s) Euploea radamanthus – magpie crow Euploea redtenbacheri – Malayan crow, Redtenbacher's crow ?Euploea rogeri – Roger's monarch Euploea stephensii Euploea swainson – Swainson's crow Euploea sylvester – double-branded crow Euploea tobleri – Tobler's crow Euploea transfixa Euploea treitschkei Euploea tripunctata – Biak threespot crow Euploea tulliolus – eastern brown crow, dwarf crow Euploea usipetes Euploea wallacei Euploea westwoodii – Westwood's king crow Danaini classification (Wahlberg, Niklaus Based on Ackery & Vane-Wright 1984: Milkweed Butterflies: Their Cladistics and Biology. British Museum (Natural History), London. ) Insecta pro
Nomenclature This genus has a large number of junior synonyms, due in part to Moore committing what probably ranks as one of the most drastic cases of oversplitting in the history of zoology:
Crastia Hübner, 1816 Trepsichrois Hübner, 1816 Salpinx Hübner, 1819 Eudaemon Billberg, 1820 Terpsichrois Hübner, 1821 (lapsus) Euplaea Boisduval, 1832 (lapsus) Calliploea Butler, 1875 Macroploea Butler, 1878 Stictoploea Butler, 1878 Euplea W.F. Kirby, 1879 (lapsus) Adigama Moore, 1880 Andasena Moore, 1883 Betanga Moore, 1883 Bibisana Moore, 1883 Chanapa Moore, 1883 Chirosa Moore, 1883 Danisepa Moore, 1883 Deragena Moore, 1883 Gamatoba Moore, 1883 Glinama Moore, 1883 Hirdapa Moore, 1883 Isamia Moore, 1883 Karadira Moore, 1883 Lontara Moore, 1883 Mahintha Moore, 1883 Menama Moore, 1883 Mestapra Moore, 1883 Nacamsa Moore, 1883 Narmada Moore, 1880 Nipara Moore, 1883 Oranasma Moore, 1883 Pademma Moore, 1883 Patosa Moore, 1883 Penoa Moore, 1883 Pramasa Moore, 1883 Pramesta Moore, 1883 Rasuma Moore, 1883 Sabanosa Moore, 1883 Saphara Moore, 1883 Sarobia Moore, 1883 Satanga Moore, 1883 Selinda Moore, 1883 Tabada Moore, 1883 Tagata Moore, 1883 Tiruna Moore, 1883 Tronga Moore, 1883 Vadebra Moore, 1883 Vonona Moore, 1883 Anadara Moore, 1883 (non Gray, 1847: preoccupied) Doricha Moore, 1883 (non Reichenbach, 1853: preoccupied) Karadina Moore, 1891 (lapsus) Chirosia Sharp, 1904 (lapsus) Daniseppa Fruhstorfer, 1910 (lapsus) Pamasa Fruhstorfer, 1910 (lapsus) Rausuma Fruhstorfer, 1910 (lapsus) Ironga Martin, 1914 (lapsus) Makroploea Martin, 1915 (lapsus) Eupolea Hulstaert, 1931 (lapsus) Ramasa Hulstaert, 1931 (lapsus)
References
External links Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms: Preliminary species list. Version of May 6, 2007. Retrieved May 20, 2007.