10th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment

The 10th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment was a volunteer infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The regiment was engaged in many of the critical battles of the western theater of the war, including Perryville, Stone's River, and Chickamauga—where a large portion of the regiment was taken as prisoners of war.

Service The 10th Wisconsin was raised at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and mustered into Federal service on October 14, 1861. Staying in the west it became part of the Army of the Ohio's 9th Brigade under Col. Joshua W. Sill.National Park Service- 10th Regiment, Wisconsin Infantry The regiment suffered very heavy casualties in the Battle of Perryville in September 1862, when out of 276 men some 147 were killed, wounded or missing.Annual Reports, p. 310 Afterwards, when the Army of the Ohio became the Army of the Cumberland and created a permanent corps structure, the regiment became part of the XIV Corps. In September 1863, during the Battle of Chickamauga, 72 men were killed and wounded and some 132 men were missing, most of them being captured and becoming prisoners of war.Annual Reports, p. 313 When the regiment's initial three-year enlistments expired in October 1864, the more recent recruits and the veterans who chose to re-enlist were transferred to the 21st Wisconsin Infantry Regiment.

The 10th Wisconsin initially mustered 1,029 men and later recruited an additional 601 men, for a total of 1,630 men throughout the war.The Blue Book of the State of Wisconsin The regiment lost 5 officers and 91 enlisted men killed in action or who later died of their wounds, plus another 1 officer and 147 enlisted men who died of disease, for a total of 244 fatalities.

Detailed service record

Companies +CompanyOriginal MonikerAnnual Reports, pp. 59–60Primary Place of RecruitmentCaptain(s) A Walworth County GuardsWalworth County and Lafayette CountyRoster of Wisconsin Volunteers, pp. 646–647 BLyon Guards Dodge CountyRoster of Wisconsin Volunteers, pp. 648–649 CMenasha GuardsMenasha, Winnebago County, and Calumet CountyRoster of Wisconsin Volunteers, pp. 650–651 DFremont RiflesColumbia County and Adams CountyRoster of Wisconsin Volunteers, pp. 652–653 ESturdy OaksHartford, Juneau County, Dodge County, and Washington CountyRoster of Wisconsin Volunteers, pp. 654–656 FGrant County PatriotsGrant CountyRoster of Wisconsin Volunteers, pp. 656–658 GJackson County RiflesBlack River Falls, Jackson CountyRoster of Wisconsin Volunteers, pp. 658–660 HJuneau County RiflesJuneau County and Monroe CountyRoster of Wisconsin Volunteers, pp. 660–662 IGrant County SixthMonroe CountyRoster of Wisconsin Volunteers, pp. 662–664 KWaupun RiflesWaupun, Dodge County, and Fond du Lac CountyRoster of Wisconsin Volunteers, pp. 664–667

Commanders Colonel Alfred Rose Chapin (October 14, 1861January 23, 1863) resigned. Earlier in the war, he had served as adjutant of the 1st Wisconsin Infantry Regiment, and was detailed as assistant adjutant general of their brigade. Colonel John Gibson McMynn (January 1863June 16, 1863) resigned. He joined the regiment as its original major; he was promoted to lieutenant colonel in July 1862 and to colonel at the time of Chapin's resignation. Before the war, he had been a teacher and pioneer of public education, and was one of the founders of the Wisconsin Teachers Association. After returning from the war, he was appointed Wisconsin's superintendent of public instruction by Governor James T. Lewis. Lt. Col. John Hager Ely (June 16, 1863September 20, 1863) was mortally wounded at the Battle of Chickamauga, and died of wounds while a prisoner of war. He joined the regiment as captain of Co. E, was promoted to major in November 1862, and was promoted to lieutenant colonel at the time of McMynn's resignation in June 1863. Capt. Jacob Whitman Roby (September 20, 1863October 25, 1864) was captain of Co. B when he took command of the regiment after the loss of Lt. Col. Ely at the battle of Chickaumauga. He continued as acting commander of the regiment until its dissolution. Wisconsin governor James T. Lewis ordered Roby promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel in October 1864, but the rank was never confirmed by federal authorities.

Other notable people John A. Barney was enlisted in Co. B and promoted to 1st sergeant. He was lost an arm and was captured at Chickamauga, and was then discharged due to disability. After the war he served as a Wisconsin state senator. Joshua James Guppey was the original lieutenant colonel of the regiment and was commissioned colonel of the 23rd Wisconsin Infantry Regiment in July 1862. After the war he received an honorary brevet to brigadier general and served as a Wisconsin county judge. Sophronius S. Landt was enlisted in Co. D and promoted to sergeant. After the war he served as a Wisconsin state legislator. Robert Mitchell was 1st assistant surgeon of the regiment and later commissioned surgeon of the 27th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment. After the war he served as a Wisconsin state legislator.

10th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment

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