Buch is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Bob Buch (born 1949), member of the Alaska House of Representatives Christian Leopold von Buch (1774–1853), German geologist and paleontologist Claudia-Maria Buch (born 1966), German economist Eva-Maria Buch (1921–1943), German resistance fighter Idit Buch, Israeli computational biologist ML Buch (born 1987), Danish musician M. N. Buch, (1934–2015) recipient of Padma Bhusan, the third highest Indian civilian award, for his services to the nation. Tomás Buch (1931–2017), Argentine chemist and technologist Vera Buch (1895–1987), American political activist and union organizer Walter Buch (1883–1949), German jurist and war criminal
See also Captal de Buch, including Jean III de Grailly, captal de Buch