Dinar

The dinar (, ) is the name of the principal currency unit in several countries near the Mediterranean Sea, with a more widespread historical use. The English word "dinar" is the transliteration of the Arabic (), which was possibly borrowed via the Syriac from the Latin .Oxford English Dictionary, Second edition, 1989, s.v. "dinar"; online version November 2010

The modern gold dinar is a projected bullion gold coin, and is not issued as an official currency by any state.

History

The modern dinar's historical antecedents are the Eastern Roman silver denarius (Greek δηνάριο - "dinario"), and the gold dinar and silver dirham, the main coin of the medieval Islamic empires, first issued in AH 77 (696–697 AD) (Late Antiquity) by Ummayad Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. The word "dinar" derives from the Latin word "dēnārius," a silver coin of ancient Rome, which was first minted c. 211 BC.

The Kushan Empire introduced a gold coin known as the dīnāra in India in the 1st century AD; the Gupta Empire and its successors up to the 6th century adopted the coin.

The 8th-century English king Offa of Mercia minted imitations of Abbasid dinars struck in 774 by Caliph al-Mansur with "Offa Rex" centred on the reverse.Medieval European Coinage by Philip Grierson, p. 330. The moneyer likely had no understanding of Arabic as the Arabic text contains many errors. Such coins may have been produced for trade with Islamic Spain. These coins are called a Mancus, which is also derived from the Arabic language.

Legal tender

Countries with current usage Countries currently using a currency called "dinar" or similar:

Countries Currency ISO 4217 code Algerian dinar DZD Bahraini dinar BHD Iraqi dinar IQD Jordanian dinar JOD Kuwaiti dinar KWD Libyan dinar LYD Macedonian denar MKDMKN (1992−1993) Serbian dinar RSDCSD (2003–2006) Tunisian dinar TND

As a subunit of the Iranian rial, although functionally obsolete due to inflation. Coins in the subunit were last minted in 1979.

Non-circulating Arab Accounting Dinar used by the Arab Monetary Fund

Countries with former usage in the 20th century Countries and regions which have previously used a currency called "dinar" in the 20th century: Countries Currency ISO 4217 code Used Replaced by Bahraini dinarBHD1966–1973United Arab Emirates Dirham Bosnia and Herzegovina dinarBAD1992–1998Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark Croatian dinarHRD1991–1994Croatian kunaIranian Rial subunitIRR1931–1979Subunit obsoleteYemeni dinarYDD1965–1990 Yemeni rial1990–1996Sudanese dinarSDD1992–2007 Sudanese poundYugoslav dinarYUF (1945–1965)YUD (1965–1989)YUN (1990–1992)YUR (1992–1993)YUO (1993)YUG (1994)YUM (1994–2003)1918–2003 Serbian dinar

Countries with historical usage before the 20th century Historical countries and empires which used a currency or coin called "dinar" prior to the 20th century: +CountriesCurrencyUsedReplaced byCornish Dynar900– 960English PennyUmmayad CaliphateUmmayad Dinar680– 750Abbasid DinarAbbasid CaliphateAbbasid Dinar750– 1258Mamluk DinarMamluk SultanateMamluk Dinar1250– 1517Ottoman Akçe

Dinar

Bron en licentie