A quadrangular castle or courtyard castle is a type of castle characterised by ranges of buildings which are integral with the curtain walls, enclosing a central ward or quadrangle, and typically with angle towers. There is no keep and frequently no distinct gatehouse. The quadrangular form predominantly dates from the mid to late fourteenth century and signals the transition from defensively to domestically oriented great houses. The four walls are also known as ranges.
Quadrangular castles typically display a sophisticated and complex approach to the planning of internal social spaces. There are many quadrangular castles around the UK, for example: Bodiam Castle in East Sussex, and Bolton Castle.
The 27 quadrangular castles identified by John Rickard as being built in England consist roughly 10% of the castles built in the country between 1272 and 1422. No castles of this design were built in Wales.
One of the earliest quadrangular castles in Germany is Neuleiningen, of which substantial ruins remain.
List of quadrangular castles in the United Kingdom NameLocationCoordinatesConstructedBuilt forDesigned byHeritage statusImage Beverston Castle Cotswold 1225 Maurice de GauntThomas de Berkeley, 3rd Baron Berkeley anonymous Grade I listed buildingscheduled monument Bodiam Castle East Sussex 1385 Edward Dalyngrigge anonymous Grade I listed buildingscheduled monument Bolton Castle North Yorkshire 1379 Richard le Scrope, 1st Baron Scrope of Bolton John Lewyn Grade I listed buildingscheduled monument Caverswall Castle Staffordshire Moorlands 1275 anonymous Grade I listed building Cawood Castle North Yorkshire 1378 John Kemp anonymous Grade I listed buildingscheduled monument Dorset 1370s anonymous scheduled monument Chillingham Castle Northumberland 1344 anonymous Grade I listed building Cooling Castle Medway 1380s John de Cobham, 3rd Baron Cobham Henry Yevele Grade I listed buildingscheduled monument North Yorkshire 1302 anonymous Grade I listed buildingscheduled monument Farleigh Hungerford Castle Somerset 1383 Thomas Hungerford anonymous Grade I listed buildingscheduled monument Ford Castle Northumberland 1338 anonymous Grade I listed building Fyvie Castle Aberdeenshire 1300s anonymous anonymous category A listed building Greys Court South Oxfordshire 1348 John de Grey, 1st Baron Grey de RotherfieldFrancis Knollys, 1st Viscount KnollysBaron Lovel anonymous Grade I listed buildingscheduled monument Greystoke Castle Westmorland and Furness 1353 William de Greystoke, 2nd Baron Greystoke anonymous Grade II* listed building Hartley Castle Westmorland and Furness 1353 Sir Richard Musgrave, 1st Baronet anonymous scheduled monumentGrade II listed building Hemyock Castle Mid Devon 1380 Margaret and William Asthorpe anonymous scheduled monumentGrade II* listed building Hever Castle Hever 1271 anonymous Grade I listed building Inverlochy Castle Highland 1270s Clan Cumming anonymous category B listed building Lumley Castle County Durham 1389 Ralph de Lumley, 1st Baron Lumley John LewynJohn Vanbrugh Grade I listed building Maxstoke Castle Warwickshire 1345 William de Clinton, 1st Earl of Huntingdon anonymous Grade I listed buildingscheduled monument Moor End Castle Northamptonshire 1347 Edward III of England anonymous scheduled monument Raby Castle County Durham 1378 House of Neville John Lewyn Grade I listed building Ravensworth Castle Tyne and Wear 1350s Marmaduke Lumley anonymous Grade II* listed buildingscheduled monument Sheriff Hutton Castle North Yorkshire 1382 John Neville, 3rd Baron Neville de Raby John Lewyn Grade II* listed buildingscheduled monument Shirburn Castle South Oxfordshire 1377 Henry Yevele Grade I listed building Somerton Castle North Kesteven 1281 Antony Bek anonymous Grade I listed buildingscheduled monument Starborough Castle Surrey 1341 Reginald de Cobham, 1st Baron Cobham anonymous scheduled monumentGrade II* listed building Sudeley CastleGloucestershire 1443Ralph Boteler, 1st Baron SudeleyanonymousGrade I listed building Westenhanger Castle KentShepway 1343 Edward Poynings anonymous scheduled monumentGrade I listed building Wingfield Castle Mid Suffolk 1384 Michael de la Pole, 1st Earl of Suffolk anonymous Grade I listed building Woodcroft Castle Cambridgeshire 1280 anonymous anonymous Grade II* listed building Dorset 1336 Guy de Bryan, 1st Baron Bryan anonymous Grade I listed building Wressle Castle East Riding of Yorkshire 1390s Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of WorcesterHenry Percy, 5th Earl of Northumberland John Lewyn Grade I listed buildingscheduled monument
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