President of the Republic

The President of the Republic is a title used for heads of state and/or heads of government in countries having a republican form of government.

Designation

In most cases the president of a republic is elected, either: by direct universal suffrage (by all voters), or by indirect suffrage, or by a Parliament or one of its Chambers, or by an electoral college which may itself be designated.

Africa

: President of Algeria, President of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria since 1963 : President of Angola, President of the Republic of Angola since 1975 : President of Benin, President of the Republic of Benin since 1960 : President of Botswana, President of the Republic of Botswana since 1966 : President of Burkina Faso, President of the Republic of Burkina Faso since 1960 : President of Burundi, President of the Republic of Burundi since 1966 : President of Cameroon, President of the Republic of Cameroon since 1960 : President of Cape Verde, President of the Republic of Cape Verde since 1975 : President of the Central African Republic since 1960, abolished in 1976 with the creation of the Central African Empire, restored in 1979 : President of Chad, President of the Republic of Chad since 1962 : President of the Comoros, President of the Union of the Comoros since 1977 : President of the Republic of the Congo since 1960 : President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo since 1960 : President of Djibouti, President of the Republic of Djibouti since 1977 : President of Egypt, President of the Arab Republic of Egypt since 1953 : President of Equatorial Guinea, President of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea since 1968 : President of Eritrea, President of the State of Eritrea since 1993 : President of Ethiopia, President of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia since 1974 : President of Gabon, President of the Gabonese Republic since 1960 : President of the Gambia, President of the Republic of The Gambia since 1970 : President of Ghana, President of the Republic of Ghana since 1960 : President of Guinea, President of the Republic of Guinea since 1958 : President of Guinea-Bissau, President of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau since 1973 : President of Ivory Coast, President of the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire since 1960 : President of Kenya, President of the Republic of Kenya since 1964 : President of Liberia, President of the Republic of Liberia since 1847 : President of Madagascar, President of the Republic of Madagascar since 1959 : President of Malawi, President of the Republic of Malawi since 1966 : President of Mali, President of the Republic of Mali since 1965 : President of Mauritania, President of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania since 1961 : President of Mauritius, President of the Republic of Mauritius since 1992 : President of Mozambique, President of the Republic of Mozambique since 1975 : President of Namibia, President of the Republic of Namibia since 1990 : President of Niger, President of the Republic of Niger since 1960 : President of Nigeria, President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria since 1963 : President of Rwanda, President of the Republic of Rwanda since 1961 : President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic since 1982 : President of São Tomé and Príncipe, President of the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe since 1975 : President of Senegal, President of the Republic of Senegal since 1960 : President of Seychelles, President of the Republic of Seychelles since 1976 : President of Sierra Leone, President of the Republic of Sierra Leone since 1971 : President of Somalia, President of the Federal Republic of Somalia since 1960 : President of Somaliland, President of the Republic of Somaliland since 1991 : President of South Africa, President of the Republic of South Africa since 1994 : President of South Sudan, President of the Republic of South Sudan since 2011 : President of Sudan, President of the Republic of Sudan since 1958 : President of Tanzania, President of the United Republic of Tanzania since 1964 : President of Togo, President of the Togolese Republic since 1960 : President of Tunisia, President of the Republic of Tunisia since 1957 : President of Uganda, President of the Republic of Uganda since 1963 : President of Zambia, President of the Republic of Zambia since 1964 : President of Zimbabwe, President of the Republic of Zimbabwe since 1980

Americas

: President of Argentina, Presidente de la Nación Argentina since 1826 : President of Barbados, President of Barbados since 2021 : President of Bolivia, Presidente del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia since 1825 : President of Brazil, Presidente da República Federativa do Brasil since 1889 : President of Chile, Presidente de la República de Chile since 1826 : President of Colombia, Presidente de la República de Colombia since 1819 : President of Costa Rica, Presidente de la República de Costa Rica since 1848 : President of Cuba, Presidente de la República de Cuba since 1902 : President of Dominica, President of the Commonwealth of Dominica since 1978 : President of the Dominican Republic, Presidente de la República Dominicana since 1844 : President of Ecuador, Presidente de la República del Ecuador since 1830 : President of El Salvador, Presidente de la República de El Salvador since 1841 : President of Guatemala, Presidente de la República de Guatemala since 1839 : President of Guyana, President of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana since 1980 : President of Haiti, Président de la République d'Haïti (French), Prezidan peyi Repiblik Ayiti (Creole) since 1807 : President of Honduras, Presidente de la República de Honduras since 1982 : President of Mexico, Presidente de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos 1824 to 1864 and since 1867 : President of Nicaragua, Presidente de la República de Nicaragua since 1854 : President of Panama, Presidente de la República de Panamá since 1904 : President of Paraguay, Presidente de la República del Paraguay since 1844 : President of Peru, presidente de la República del Perú since 1823 : President of Suriname, President van de Republiek Suriname since 1975 : President of Trinidad and Tobago, President of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago since 1976 : President of the United States of America since 1789 : President of Uruguay, Presidente de la República Oriental del Uruguay since 1830 : President of Venezuela, Presidente de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela since 1830

Asia

: President of Bangladesh, গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশের রাষ্ট্রপতি (Bengali), President of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (English) since 1971 : President of China, 中华人民共和国主席, President of the People's Republic of China since 1954, abolished in 1975, restored in 1982 : President of East Timor, Presidente da República Democrática de Timor-Leste or Prezidente Republika Demokratika Timor-Leste, President of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste since 2002 : President of India, भारत गणराज्य के राष्ट्रपति (Hindi), President of the Republic of India (English) since 1950 : President of Indonesia, Presiden Republik Indonesia since 1945 : President of Iran, رییس‌جمهور ایران Rayis Jomhur-e Irān (Persian) since 1980 : President of Iraq, رئيس العراق Rayis aleiraq since 1958 : President of Israel, נשיא מדינת ישראל, President of the State of Israel since 1948 : President of Kazakhstan, Қазақстан Республикасының Президенті, Qazaqstan Respwblïkasınıñ Prezïdenti since 1990 : President of South Korea, 대한민국 대통령, President of the Republic of Korea since 1948 : President of Kyrgyzstan, Кыргыз Республикасынын Президенти or Президент Киргизской Республики, President of the Kyrgyz Republic since 1990 : President of Laos, President of the Lao People's Democratic Republic since 1975 : President of Lebanon, رئيس الجمهورية اللبنانية Rayiys aljumhuriat allubnania since 1926 : President of the Maldives 1953-54 and since 1968 : President of Mongolia, Монгол Улсын Ерөнхийлөгч, Mongol Ulsyn Yerönkhiilögch since 1990 : President of Myanmar, ပြည်ထောင်စု သမ္မတ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်‌ သမ္မတ, President of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar since 1948 : President of Nepal, संघीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपालका अध्यक्ष, President of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal since 2008 : President of Pakistan, صدر اسلامی جمہوریہ پاکستان (Urdu), President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (English) since 1956 : President of Palestine, رئيس دولة فلسطين Rayiys dawlat filastin since 1989 : President of the Philippines, President of the Republic of the Philippines, "Pangulo ng Republika ng Pilipinas" (Filipino) since 1899 : President of Singapore, President of the Republic of Singapore since 1965 : President of Sri Lanka, ශ්‍රී ලංකා ජනාධිපති (Sinhalese), இலங்கை சனாதிபதி (Tamil) since 1972 : President of Syria (رئيس سوريا, Raʾīs Sūriyā) (Arabic), since 1922; President of the Syrian Arab Republic (رئيس الجمهورية العربية السورية, Raʾīs al-Jumhūriyyah al-ʿArabiyyah as-Sūriyyah) (Arabic), from 1961 to 2024; restored in 2025. : President of the Republic of China, 中華民國總統 since 1912 : President of Tajikistan, Президенти Тоҷикистон or Президент Таджикистана, President of the Republic of Tajikistan since 1990 : President of Turkmenistan, Türkmenistanyň ministrler kabinetiniň prezidenti we başlygy (Turken), President and chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan (English) since 1990 : President of Uzbekistan, Oʻzbekiston Respublikasining Prezidenti since 1990 : President of Vietnam, President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam since 1976, abolished in 1981, restored in 1992 : President of Yemen, رئيس الجمهورية اليمنية Rayiys aljumhuriat alyamania since 1990

Europe

: President of Albania, Presidenti i Shqipërisë since 1991 : President of Armenia, Հայաստանի Հանրապետության նախագահ, President of the Republic of Armenia since 1991 : President of Austria, Bundespräsident der Republik Österreich since 1920 : President of Azerbaijan, President of the Republic of Azerbaijan since 1990 : President of Belarus, Прэзідэнт Рэспублікі Беларусь or Президент Республики Беларусь (President of the Republic of Belarus) since 1994 : President of Bulgaria, Президент на Република България since 1990 : President of Croatia Predsjednik Republike Hrvatske since 1990 : President of Cyprus, Πρόεδρος της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας or Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı (President of the Republic of Cyprus, ) since 1960 : President of the Czech Republic, Prezident České republiky (President of the Czech Republic) since 1993 : President of Estonia, Eesti Vabariigi President since 1992 (pre Soviet 1938 to 1940) : President of Finland, tasavallan presidentti or republikens president since 1919 : President of the French Republic, Président de la République Française 1848-52 and since 1870 : President of Georgia, საქართველოს პრეზიდენტი since 1991 : President of the Federal Republic of Germany, Bundespräsident der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Federal President of the Federal Republic of Germany) 1949-90 for West Germany only, and since 1990 for all of Germany : President of the Hellenic Republic, Πρόεδρος της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας (President of the Hellenic Republic) between 1924 and 1935, and since 1973 : President of the Republic of Hungary, Köztársasági elnök (Hungarian) since 1989 : President of Iceland, Forseti Íslands (Icelandic) since 1944 : President of Ireland, Uachtarán na hÉireann (Irish) since 1938 : President of the Italian Republic, Presidente della Repubblica Italiana since 1948 : President of Kosovo, Presidenti i Republikës së Kosovës or Председник Републике Косова, President of the Republic of Kosovo since 2008 : President of Latvia, Latvijas Valsts prezidents (Latvian), President of the Republic of Latvia since 1922 : President of Lithuania, Lietuvos Respublikos Prezidentas (Lithuanian), President of the Republic of Lithuania since 1919