List of human spaceflights, 1961–1970

This is a detailed list of human spaceflights from 1961 to 1970, spanning the Soviet Vostok and Voskhod programs, the start of the Soviet Soyuz program, the American Mercury and Gemini programs, and the first lunar landings of the American Apollo program.

Red indicates fatalities. Green indicates sub-orbital spaceflight (including flights that failed to attain intended orbit). Grey indicates flights beyond low Earth orbit. The United States defines spaceflight as any flight reaching an altitude of 50 miles, while the FAI definition requires an altitude of 100 kilometers. During the 1960s, 13 crewed flights of the U.S. North American X-15 rocket plane met the U.S. criteria, of which only two met the FAI's. This article's primary list includes only the latter two flights. A separate, secondary list gives the other eleven which flew between 50 miles and 100 kilometers.

#CrewLaunchspacecraftHabitationReturnspacecraftBrief mission summary1 Yuri Gagarin12 April 1961 Vostok 1First crewed spaceflight. Reached Low Earth Orbit (LEO), flew around the Earth once.2 Alan Shepard (1)5 May 1961 Mercury-Redstone 3 (Freedom 7)First American crewed spaceflight. Did not reach Earth orbit, maximum altitude: 187 km (116 miles).3 Gus Grissom (1)21 July 1961 Mercury-Redstone 4 (Liberty Bell 7)Second American crewed spaceflight. Did not reach Earth orbit, maximum altitude: 190 km (118.26 mi).4 Gherman Titov6 August 1961 Vostok 27 August 1961 Vostok 2Day-long flight in LEO. Flew around the Earth 17 times. Brief manual control by pilot.5 John Glenn (1)20 February 1962 Mercury-Atlas 6 (Friendship 7)First American crewed orbital flight. Flew around the Earth three times.6 Scott Carpenter24 May 1962 Mercury-Atlas 7 (Aurora 7)First manual retrofire. Earth photography and study of liquids in weightless conditions.7 Andriyan Nikolayev (1)11 August 1962 Vostok 315 August 1962 Vostok 3First instance of two crewed spacecraft in orbit simultaneously.8 Pavel Popovich (1)12 August 1962 Vostok 415 August 1962 Vostok 49 Wally Schirra (1)3 October 1962 Mercury-Atlas 8 (Sigma 7)First flawless Mercury mission.10 Gordon Cooper (1)15 May 1963 Mercury-Atlas 9 (Faith 7)16 May 1963 Mercury-Atlas 9 (Faith 7)First live TV from U.S. astronaut.11 Valery Bykovsky (1)14 June 1963 Vostok 519 June 1963 Vostok 5Longest solo spaceflight.12 Valentina Tereshkova16 June 1963 Vostok 619 June 1963 Vostok 6First woman in space.13 Joseph A. Walker19 July 1963 Flight 90, X-15First winged craft in space. Reached altitude of 106 km.1422 August 1963 Flight 91, X-15Reached altitude of 108 km. Walker becomes first person to fly into space twice. X-15-3 (serial 56-6672) becomes first vehicle to fly into space twice.15 Vladimir Komarov (1) Konstantin Feoktistov Boris Yegorov12 October 1964 Voskhod 113 October 1964 Voskhod 1First multiple person spaceflight. Biomedical research.16 Alexei Leonov (1) Pavel Belyayev18 March 1965 Voskhod 219 March 1965 Voskhod 2First EVA.17 Gus Grissom (2) John Young (1)23 March 1965 Gemini 3First to perform orbital maneuvers.18 James McDivitt (1) Ed White3 June 1965 Gemini 47 June 1965 Gemini 4First American EVA.19 Gordon Cooper (2) Pete Conrad (1)21 August 1965 Gemini 529 August 1965 Gemini 5First one week spaceflight. Cooper becomes the first person to orbit the Earth on two different missions.20 Frank Borman (1) Jim Lovell (1)4 December 1965 Gemini 718 December 1965 Gemini 7First two-week spaceflight. First space rendezvous in history with Gemini 6A.21 Wally Schirra (2) Thomas P. Stafford (1)15 December 1965 Gemini 6A16 December 1965 Gemini 6AFirst space rendezvous, with Gemini 7.22 Neil Armstrong (1) David Scott (1)16 March 1966 Gemini 817 March 1966 Gemini 8First docking in space in history with Agena Target Vehicle. Planned EVA cancelled due to early re-entry necessitated by stuck thruster.23 Thomas P. Stafford (2) Eugene Cernan (1)3 June 1966 Gemini 9A6 June 1966 Gemini 9AFirst backup crew to fly space mission.24 John Young (2) Michael Collins (1)18 July 1966 Gemini 1021 July 1966 Gemini 10First rendezvous with two different objects.25 Pete Conrad (2) Richard F. Gordon Jr. (1)12 September 1966 Gemini 1115 September 1966 Gemini 11Held altitude record prior to lunar missions (1374 km).26 Jim Lovell (2) Buzz Aldrin (1)11 November 1966 Gemini 1215 November 1966 Gemini 12First manual rendezvous. Miscellaneous scientific experiments.27 Vladimir Komarov (2)23 April 1967 Soyuz 124 April 1967 Soyuz 1Crashed on re-entry. First human fatality during a spaceflight.28 Wally Schirra (3) Donn F. Eisele Walter Cunningham11 October 1968 Apollo 722 October 1968 Apollo 7First three person U.S. crew. Launched over 20 months after Apollo 1 fatalities.29 Georgy Beregovoy26 October 1968 Soyuz 330 October 1968 Soyuz 3Failed to dock with uncrewed Soyuz 2.30 Frank Borman (2) Jim Lovell (3) William Anders21 December 1968 Apollo 827 December 1968 Apollo 8First crewed mission beyond low Earth orbit; first lunar orbit.31 Vladimir Shatalov (1)14 January 1969 Soyuz 417 January 1969 Soyuz 4First crew transfer between space vehicles. First docking of two crewed spacecraft.32 Aleksei Yeliseyev (1) Yevgeny Khrunov15 January 1969 Soyuz 5 Boris Volynov (1)18 January 1969 Soyuz 533 James McDivitt (2) David Scott (2) Rusty Schweickart3 March 1969 Apollo 913 March 1969 Apollo 9Tested Lunar Module in low Earth orbit.34 Thomas P. Stafford (3) John Young (3) Eugene Cernan (2)18 May 1969 Apollo 1026 May 1969 Apollo 10Tested Lunar Module in low lunar orbit.35 Neil Armstrong (2) Michael Collins (2) Buzz Aldrin (2)16 July 1969 Apollo 11Moon24 July 1969 Apollo 11First lunar landing.36 Georgy Shonin Valeri Kubasov (1)11 October 1969 Soyuz 616 October 1969 Soyuz 6First three-craft spaceflight.37 Anatoly Filipchenko (1) Vladislav Volkov (1) Viktor Gorbatko (1)12 October 1969 Soyuz 717 October 1969 Soyuz 738 Vladimir Shatalov (2) Aleksei Yeliseyev (2)13 October 1969 Soyuz 818 October 1969 Soyuz 839 Pete Conrad (3) Richard F. Gordon Jr. (2) Alan Bean (1)14 November 1969 Apollo 12Moon24 November 1969 Apollo 12Second lunar landing. Precision landing near Surveyor 3.40 Jim Lovell (4) Jack Swigert Fred Haise11 April 1970 Apollo 1317 April 1970 Apollo 13Lunar landing aborted following explosion en route.41 Andriyan Nikolayev (2) Vitaliy Sevastyanov (1)1 June 1970 Soyuz 919 June 1970 Soyuz 9Investigations into effects of prolonged spaceflight. Record duration mission for single spacecraft.

Flights between 50 miles and 100 kilometers

In addition to the above spaceflights, eleven flights of the North American X-15 reached a maximum altitude above 50 miles but below 100 kilometers, thus satisfying the U.S. definition of spaceflight but failing to surpass the Kármán line. Among the twelve X-15 pilots, only Neil Armstrong and Joe Engle would travel to space following their participation in the program. Eleven of the thirteen flights above 50 miles were made in the X-15-3, the program's third plane; only two were made in the X-15-1, its first.

In the below table, "spaceflight" and related phrases refer to the American convention.

#CrewLaunchspacecraftHabitationReturnspacecraftBrief mission summary— Robert M. White17 July 1962 X-15 Flight 62White's only spaceflight. First spaceflight of X-15 program.— Joseph A. Walker17 January 1963 X-15 Flight 77Walker's first spaceflight.— Robert A. Rushworth27 June 1963 X-15 Flight 87Rushworth's only spaceflight.— Joe Engle29 June 1965 X-15 Flight 138Engle's first spaceflight.— Joe Engle10 August 1965 X-15 Flight 143Engle's second spaceflight.— John B. McKay18 September 1965 X-15 Flight 150McKay's only spaceflight.— Joe Engle14 October 1965 X-15 Flight 153Engle's third and last spaceflight, and final flight with X-15 program. First spaceflight of the X-15-1.— William H. Dana1 November 1966 X-15 Flight 174Dana's first spaceflight.— William J. Knight17 October 1967 X-15 Flight 190Knight's only spaceflight. Last successful flight of the X-15-3.— Michael J. Adams15 November 1967 X-15 Flight 191Adams' only spaceflight. Fatal disaster, killing Adams and destroying the X-15-3.— William H. Dana21 August 1968 X-15 Flight 197Dana's second and last spaceflight. Third-to-last flight of X-15 program. Second and last spaceflight of the X-15-1.

List of human spaceflights, 1961–1970

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