Mattheus is a masculine given name and surname, a Latin form of Matthew. Notable people with the name include:
Given name Mattheus Borrekens (1615–1670), Flemish engraver Mattheus Pinna da Encarnaçao (1687–1764), Brazilian writer Mattheus de Haan (1663–1729), Dutch colonial governor Mattheus Le Maistre (c. 1505–1577), Flemish choirmaster Mattheus Lestevenon (1715–1797), Dutch ambassador Mattheus Oliveira (born 1994), Brazilian footballer Mattheus Pronk (1947–2001), Dutch cyclist Mattheus Marinus Schepman (1847–1919), Dutch malacologist Mattheus Smallegange (1624–1710), Dutch historian Mattheus Terwesten (1670–1757), Dutch painter Mattheus van Beveren (c. 1630–1696), Flemish sculptor Mattheus Ignatius van Bree (1773–1839), Belgian painter Mattheus van Helmont (1623–c. 1685), Flemish painter Mattheus Verheyden (1700–1776), Dutch painter Mattheus Wijtmans (1650–1689), Dutch painter
Middle name Joam Mattheus Adami (1576-1633), Italian Jesuit missionary Jacobus Mattheüs de Kempenaer (1793-1870), Dutch politician
Surname Charl Mattheus (born 1965), South African ultra marathon athlete Garrick Mattheus (born 1996), South African rugby union player Jan Mattheus (born 1965), Belgian cyclist Neels Mattheus (1935–2003), South African Afrikaner traditional musician Ryan Mattheus (born 1983), American baseball pitcher
See also Matheus Matteus (disambiguation) St Matthew Passion