The following cities have, or historically had, defensive walls.
Africa Algeria Algiers Ghardaïa Timimoun
Egypt See List of Egypt castles, forts, fortifications and city walls. Al-Fustat Cairo Damietta
Ethiopia Gondar Harar
Libya Apollonia Benghazi Cyrene Derna Germa Ghadames Ghat Jaghbub Kabaw Murzuq Nalut Sokna Tolmeita Tripoli Waddan
Mali Djenné Gao Timbuktu
Morocco Agadir Aït Benhaddou Asilah Azemmour Casablanca Chefchaouen El Jadida Essaouira Fez Ksar el-Kebir Ksar es-Seghir Larache Marrakesh Meknes Moulay Abdallah Moulay Idriss Ouarzazate Oujda Rabat Safi Salé Sefrou Tangier Taroudannt – best preserved in Morocco Taza Tétouan Tiznit
Niger Zinder, Niger was well known for its city wall, the remains of which can still be seen
Nigeria Benin City Kano Keffi
Tunisia Bizerte Hammamet Kairouan Monastir Sfax Sousse Tozeur Tunis
Americas
Canada PlaceConditionImageNotes Halifax, Nova ScotiaDemolishedDefensive walls were built in 1750 to defend the settlement of Halifax (present day downtown Halifax). Five forts were also built around the city's defensive walls, including the predecessor to Fort George. The walls were taken down in the 1760s.Louisbourg, Nova ScotiaDemolished (1760)Partially rebuilt (1960s)Louisbourg was a walled settlement located south of the present community of Louisbourg. The settlement was the capital of the French colony of Île-Royale from 1713 to 1758. After the British capture of Louisbourg, its defensive fortifications were destroyed. During the 1960s and 1970s, one-quarter of the historic settlement was rebuilt in a reconstruction project by the Government of Canada, including portions of its defensive walls.MontrealDemolished; remains partially unearthedCompleted in 1744, the walls surrounded most of Old Montreal. The walls were demolished in the beginning of the 19th century, although some of the wall's foundations was left alone, and later buried. The walls’ foundations were later unearthed at the Champ de Mars, and at Pointe-à-Callière Museum.Quebec City, QuebecIntactSurrounding most of Old Quebec's Upper Town, construction of the wall began in the 1690s, with additional improvements and restorations done in the following centuries. The southern portion of the walls form a part of the Citadel of Quebec. The citadel is military installation used by the Canadian Armed Forces and an official residence for the monarch and governor general of Canada.Trois-Rivières, QuebecDemolishedThe first permanent settlement in the area of Trois-Rivières, and the second one in New France, was originally surrounded by a palisade wall with several bastions. Today, there is a plaque marking the site of the fort, although there are no other traces.Ferryland, Newfoundland and Labrador Demolished; remains partially unearthedFerryland, founded in 1623 by Edward Wynne, was at one point the principal settlement of the Province of Avalon. During its period of existence, the town was surrounded on at least two sides by a ditch, rampart and palisade, with bastions on the corners. Eventually, though, the town was destroyed by the French during the Avalon Peninsula Campaign. In the late 1980s, an archaeological excavation began on the site and has since uncovered the remains of several buildings, the ditch, a cobblestone street and many other features.Kahnawake, QuebecDemolishedA fort in Kahnawake was constructed by Jesuit Missionaries in 1725 to protect their mission and the adjacent Iroquois village. A mission fort, Fort Du Sault-Saint-Louis, had four bastions, built of stone with bartizans on the tips. The village was enclosed on all sides by a palisade wall (rebuilt in stone in 1747), consisting of six bastions and one half-bastion. Three large gates pierced the village walls, as well as one small gate and three postern gates. The St. Francis Xavier Mission now occupies the site of the fort, and parts of the walls remain in that area.
Chile Valdivia
Colombia
Cartagena
Cuba Havana
Dominican Republic Santo Domingo was a fortified city from the 16th to the early 20th centuries. Parts of the wall are still visible in the Colonial Zone. One of the main gates is very well preserved and centuries ago was named "The Gate of the Count" after the Count of Peñalba, who stopped the invasion of William Penn and Robert Venables during the Siege of Santo Domingo.
Mexico
Campeche – majority of the walls around the old town survive Mayapan (Maya ruins) Mérida, Yucatán (mostly demolished in the late 19th century, but some segments and arched gateways remain) Mexico City (the Aztec city used to have a system of fortifications which was later destroyed during Spanish colonisation) Tulum (Maya ruins) Veracruz (walls demolished in the 19th century, but a bastion remains)
Panama Old Quarter of Panama City (a portion of the Wall still exists)
Peru Lima Trujillo
Puerto Rico Old San Juan- The historical district of Old San Juan covers the entire area of the walled city of San Juan Bautista, also known as La Llave de las Indias (The Key to the Indies), Puerto Rico's colonial capital. The district includes Castillo San Felipe del Morro, Castillo San Cristóbal, La Fortaleza, El Cañuelo and other fortresses part of the Walls of Old San Juan, which still encircle seventy-five percent of the colonial city.
United States
Boston, Massachusetts, maintained a defensive city wall and gate across Boston Neck, the sole point where the city was connected with the mainland, from 1631 until the end of the 18th century. Charleston, South Carolina was a walled city from the 1690s until the 1720s. A portion of the wall, called Half Moon Battery, is still visible in the Provost Dungeon of the Old Exchange Building. St. Augustine, Florida, starting in 1704, the Spanish constructed the Cubo Line – attached to the Castillo de San Marcos and enclosing the city. 18th century maps detail the walls enclosing all of St. Augustine New Orleans, planned in 1718 as a walled city. The wall was present during the Battle of New Orleans, but was found to be in such a state of disarray that it could not be used. New York City, in the 17th century New Amsterdam had a defensive wall across Manhattan. Wall Street is named for the barrier.
Uruguay
Montevideo Colonia del Sacramento
Asia
Afghanistan Balkh, the ancient city
China
Beijing, see City Wall of Beijing. Many parts of the walls of Beijing were demolished during the 1960s to open large streets around the city. A metro line also follows the location of the former city walls. Xiangyang Guangzhou Dali Shangqiu Jianshui Zhangjiakou, see Wanquan District Zhaoqing Guangfu Ancient City Xingcheng Liaocheng Kaifeng Qiansuo in Huludao Datong Daming County Yongtai Fortress Jingzhou Kowloon Walled City, a former enclave of Hong Kong Nanjing, see City Wall of Nanjing Linhai Qufu Taiyuan, see Jinyuan District Pingyao Shanghai (Old City (Shanghai)) – largely destroyed in 1912, only fragments survive Songpan Xi'an – The city of Xi'an has well-preserved walls with a water filled moat that is a tourist attraction incorporating small parks surrounding a busy and modern area of the city. Zhengding Yuanzhou District in Guyuan Walled villages can still be found in Mainland China and Hong Kong.
India
Indonesia
Bogor
Pakuan Pajajaran, the capital of the Sunda Kingdom, was surrounded by defensive moats and walls. Now the area is part of the modern city of Bogor. Jogjakarta An 18th century wall made by Hamengkubuwono the 1st from the Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Kingdom to protect the inner capital city from the Dutch and other enemies during the Mataram Kingdom period. Surakarta On 17 February 1745, the Surakarta Kingdom moved to a new opened forest named Sala Village and build their Royal Residential Palace and urban area with a 15 kilometers long of "Beteng Kraton" or Palace wall around it. Surosowan Well known as Banten Kingdom's capital. The wall was destroyed by the Dutch during its colonial period in the way to ended the Banten reign. The city wall that left is only about 10% from the real appearance. Trowulan Trowulan was the capital of the former Majapahit Empire. When its glory period, the capital being a first European systemized ancient city (with city canal system for transportation and also large aisle and road for major transportation) in Indonesia, because Trowulan was developed in Majapahit's glory period in 13th–15th century. The wall was protecting the inner "Kraton" or royal palace and some important places. Today the wall can't be seen as the original appearance.
Iran Bam Isfahan Shiraz Tabriz Yazd
Iraq Babylon Baghdad Basra Arbil (central city, fully intact)
Israel Acre – 18th-century modern Ottoman fortification able to withstand cannon attack. The wall has been restored and now includes a rampart for tourists. Jaffa Jerusalem Safed Tel Erani Tiberias
Lebanon Baalbek: sections of the Arab fortifications (built with stones from Roman structures) can still be seen around the Acropolis and the old town Batroun: the town is known for its 225 m long Phoenician seawall. There was also a 9th-century BC citadel, parts of which are still visible Beirut: sections of the Phoenician and Roman fortifications and Ottoman citadel have been unearthed in the city's central district. The famous walls erected by Emir Fakhruddin II have yet to be recovered. Byblos: the old town is surrounded by medieval walls, with a castle standing at their Southern edge Sidon: little remains today of the city's medieval fortifications, except the Castle of St. Louis.
Malaysia Malacca – Built by the Portuguese after the city's occupation in 1511, it was torn down by the British in 1806. Known locally as the A Famosa.
Pakistan Almost every old city in Pakistan had a defensive wall. Much of these walls were destroyed by the British in order to refortify the cities. Few cities which were fortified are:
Hyderabad Lahore Multan Peshawar Shikarpur Hazro Quetta Sialkot Rawalpindi Gujrat Gujranwala Bhera Khudabad Bannu Tulamba Uch Sharif Sehwan Sharif Thatta Karachi Rohri Mansura Bela
Palestine Anthedon Ancient Jericho Jerusalem Nablus Tell Ruqeish Tell es-Sakan
Philippines
Cebu (see Fort San Pedro) Manila (Intramuros) – partially preserved, partially restored after World War II. Original walls are still well preserved. Olongapo ("Spanish Gate") Ozamiz (Fuerte de la Concepción y del Triunfo) Zamboanga (see Fort Pilar)
South Korea
Dongnae (now part of Busan) (See Dongnaeeupseong) Seoul (See Fortress Wall of Seoul) Suwon (See Hwaseong Fortress) Gwangju, Gyeonggi (See Namhansanseong) Goyang (See Bukhansanseong)
Sri Lanka Galle (See Galle Fort.) Matara (See Matara Fort.)
Syria Aleppo Damascus Homs
Taiwan Changhua Chiayi Fongshan (now part of Kaohsiung) Hengchun (see Hengchun Old Town) Hsinchu Magong Puli Quemoy Tainan Taipei (see Walls of Taipei) Zuoying (now part of Kaohsiung, see Old City of Zuoying) Some other towns were fortified with thorny bamboo in the Qing era.
Thailand
Ayutthaya Bangkok – See Fortifications of Bangkok Chiang Mai was surrounded by a moat and city walls when it was established by King Mangrai the Great in 1296. They were extensively rebuilt in the early 19th century. Large parts of the city walls and city gates of Chiang Mai survived till the present. Chiang Rai Chiang Saen Kamphaeng Phet Lampang Lamphun Lopburi Nakhon Ratchasima Nakhon Si Thammarat Nan, Thailand Phichai Phayao Phimai Phitsanulok Phrae Si Satchanalai Songkhla Sukhothai Suphanburi Thonburi Wiang Kum Kam
Uzbekistan
Bukhara Khiva Samarkand Shahrisabz
Vietnam Cổ Loa Hanoi Huế Bắc Ninh Vinh Thanh Hóa Quảng Trị Nam Định Mạc citadel Sơn Tây citadel
Yemen
Sanaa Shibam
Europe
Albania Berat Butrint Durrës Elbasan – sizable remains of Roman walls Krujë Tepelenë
Austria
Azerbaijan