This list of "sequenced" eukaryotic genomes contains all the eukaryotes known to have publicly available complete nuclear and organelle genome sequences that have been sequenced, assembled, annotated and published; draft genomes are not included, nor are organelle-only sequences.
DNA was first sequenced in 1977. The first free-living organism to have its genome completely sequenced was the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae, in 1995. In 1996 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) was the first eukaryote genome sequence to be released and in 1998 the first genome sequence for a multicellular eukaryote, Caenorhabditis elegans, was released.
For mitochondrial genomes, see list of mitochondrial genomes.
Protists Following are the nine earliest sequenced genomes of protists. For a more complete list, see the List of sequenced protist genomes. Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completionGuillardia thetaCryptomonadModel organism0.551 Mb(nucleomorph genome only)465, 513, 598 (UniProt)Canadian Institute of Advanced Research, Philipps-University Marburg and the University of British Columbia2001Plasmodium falciparumClone:3D7ApicomplexanHuman pathogen (malaria)22.9 Mb5,268Malaria Genome Project Consortium2002Plasmodium yoelii yoeliiStrain:17XNLApicomplexanRodent pathogen (malaria)23.1 Mb5,878TIGR and NMRC2002Cryptosporidium hominisStrain:TU502ApicomplexanHuman pathogen10.4 Mb3,994Virginia Commonwealth University2004Cryptosporidium parvumC- or genotype 2 isolateApicomplexanHuman pathogen16.5 Mb3,807UCSF and University of Minnesota2004Thalassiosira pseudonanaStrain:CCMP 1335DiatomModel organism34.5 Mb11,242Joint Genome Institute and the University of Washington2004Trypanosoma cruziStrain:CL-BrenerKinetoplastidHuman Pathogen67 Mb22,570The Institute for Genome Research (TIGR) and Karolinska Institutet (KI) and Seattle Biomedical Research Institute (SBRI)2005Trypanosoma bruceiClone:TREU 927/4KinetoplastidHuman Pathogen26 Mb9,068Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and The Institute for Genome Research (TIGR) 2005Leishmania majorStrain: FriedlinKinetoplastidHuman Pathogen32.8 Mb8,272Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and Seattle Biomedical Research Institute (SBRI)2005
Plants Following are the five earliest sequenced genomes of plants. For a more complete list, see the List of sequenced plant genomes.
Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of chromosomes Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completionArabidopsis thalianaEcotype:ColumbiaWild mustard Thale CressModel plant135 Mb525,498, 27,400,Ensembl entry 31,670 (UniProt)Arabidopsis Genome InitiativeArabidopsis Genome Initiative 2000Cyanidioschyzon merolaeStrain:10DRed algaeSimple eukaryote16.5 Mb205,331University of Tokyo, Rikkyo University, Saitama University and Kumamoto University2004Oryza sativassp indicaRiceCrop and model organism420 Mb1232-50,000Beijing Genomics Institute, Zhejiang University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences2002Ostreococcus tauriGreen algaeSimple eukaryote, small genome12.6 Mb7,969 (UniProt)Laboratoire Arago2006Populus trichocarpaBalsam poplar or Black CottonwoodCarbon sequestration, model tree, commercial use (timber), and comparison to A. thaliana550 Mb1945,555The International Poplar Genome Consortium2006
Fungi Following are the five earliest sequenced genomes of fungi. For a more complete list, see the List of sequenced fungi genomes.
Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completionSaccharomyces cerevisiaeStrain:S288CSaccharomycetesBaker's Yeast; Model eukaryote12.1 Mb6,294International Collaboration for the Yeast Genome SequencingInternational Collaboration for the Yeast Genome Sequencing 1996Encephalitozoon cuniculiMicrosporidiumHuman pathogen2.9 Mb1,997Genoscope and Université Blaise Pascal2001Schizosaccharomyces pombeStrain:972h-SchizosaccharomycetesModel eukaryote14 Mb4,824Sanger Institute and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory2002Neurospora crassaSordariomycetesModel eukaryote40 Mb10,082Broad Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, University of Kentucky, and the University of Kansas2003Phanerochaete chrysosporiumStrain:RP78 AgaricomycetesWood rotting fungus, use in mycoremediation 30 Mb 11,777 Joint Genome Institute 2004
Animals Following are the five earliest sequenced genomes of animals. For a more complete list, see the List of sequenced animal genomes.
Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completionCaenorhabditis elegansStrain:Bristol N2NematodeModel animal100 Mb19,000Washington University and the Sanger Institute1998Drosophila melanogasterFruit flyModel animal165 Mb13,600Celera, UC Berkeley, Baylor College of Medicine, European DGP2000Anopheles gambiaeStrain: PESTMosquitoVector of malaria278 Mb13,683HCelera Genomics and Genoscope2002Takifugu rubripesPuffer fishVertebrate with small genome390 Mb22–29,000International Fugu Genome Consortium. Forth Genome Assembly International Fugu Genome ConsortiumInternational Fugu Genome Consortium 2002Homo sapiens Human3.2 Gb 18,826 (CCDS consortium)Human Genome Project Consortium and Celera GenomicsDraft 2001 Complete 2006
See also Genome project, Human genome Genomic organization History of genetics Lists of sequenced genomes List of sequenced bacterial genomes List of sequenced archaeal genomes List of sequenced mitochondrial genomes List of sequenced plastomes List of sequenced animal genomes List of sequenced animal mitochondrial genomes List of sequenced fungi genomes List of sequenced fungi mitochondrial genomes List of sequenced plant genomes List of sequenced plant mitochondrial genomes List of sequenced protist genomes
References
External links Diark - a resource for eukaryotic genome research EMBL-EBL Eukaryotic Genomes UCSC Genome Browser International Sequencing Consortium - Large-scale Sequencing Project Database Ensembl The Ensembl Genome Browser (includes draft and low coverage genomes) GOLD:Genomes OnLine Database v 3.0 SUPERFAMILY comparative genomics database Includes genomes of all completely sequenced eukaryotes, and sophisticated datamining plus visualisation tools for analysis Rat Genome Database