List of Mongol rulers

The following is a list of Mongol rulers.

The list of states is chronological but follows the development of different dynasties.

Before Genghis Khan Kaidu (? – 1100) Bashinkhor Dogshin (1100 – ?) Tumbinai Khan (? – 1130) Khabul Khan (1131–1148) Ambaghai (1148 – 1156) Hotula Khan (1156–1161) Yesugei (1160–1171)

Mongol Empire (1206–1368)

Great Khans and Yuan dynasty

Before Kublai Khan announced the dynastic name "Great Yuan" in 1271, Great Khans (Khagan) of the Mongol Empire (Ikh Mongol Uls) already started to use the Chinese title of Emperor () practically in the Chinese language since Genghis Khan (as ).

With the establishment of the Yuan dynasty in 1271, the Kublaids became Yuan emperors, who took on a dual identity of Khagan for the Mongols and Huangdi for ethnic Han.

RulerReignInformationGenghis Khan1206 - 1227The first Khan of the Mongol Empire.Tolui Khan1227 - 1229Regent of the Mongol Empire until his brother, Ögedei became Khan.Ögedei Khan13 September 1229 – 11 December 1241The second Khan of the Mongol Empire.Töregene Khatun1242 - 1246Regent of the Mongol Empire until the election of her son, Güyük Khan.Güyük Khan24 August 1246 – 20 April 1248The third Khan of the Mongol Empire.Oghul Qaimish1248 - 1251Regent of the Mongol Empire until her death in 1251.Möngke Khan1 July 1251 – 11 August 1259The fourth Khan of the Mongol Empire.Ariq Böke11 August 1259 – 12 August 1264Claimed the title of Great Khan and fought against Kublai in the Toluid Civil War.Kublai Khan18 December 1271 – 18 February 1294The first emperor of the Yuan Dynasty.Temür Khan10 May 1294 – 10 February 1307The second emperor of the Yuan Dynasty.Külüg Khan21 June 1307 – 27 January 1311The third emperor of the Yuan Dynasty.Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan7 April 1311 – 1 March 1320The fourth emperor of the Yuan Dynasty.Gegeen Khan19 April 1320 – 4 September 1323The fifth emperor of the Yuan Dynasty.Yesün Temür4 October 1323 – 15 August 1328The sixth emperor of the Yuan Dynasty.Ragibagh KhanOctober 1328 - 14 November 1328The seventh emperor of the Yuan Dynasty.Jayaatu Khan Tugh Temür16 October 1328 – 26 February 1329. (first reign)8 September 1329 – 2 September 1332 (second reign)The eighth emperor of the Yuan DynastyKhutughtu Khan Kusala27 February 1329 – 30 August 1329The ninth emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. Seized the throne from Jayaatu Khan Tugh Temür.Rinchinbal Khan23 October 1332 – 14 December 1332The tenth emperor of the Yuan Dynasty.Toghon Temür19 July 1333 – 10 September 1368The eleventh emperor and last emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. Also the first emperor of the Northern Yuan Dynasty.

Golden Horde

Batu Khan (1227–1255) Sartaq (1255–56) Ulaghchi (1257) Berke (1257–1266) Mengu-Timur (1266–1282) Tuda Mengu (1282–1287) Talabuga (1287–1291) Toqta (1291–1312) Uzbeg Khan (1312–1341) Tini Beg (1341–1342) Jani Beg (1342–1357) Berdi Beg (1357–1361) Qulpa (1359–1360) Nawruz Beg (1360–1361) Khidr (1361–1362) Timur Khwaja (1362) Abdallah (1362–1370), actual ruler was Mamai Murad (1362–1367), actual ruler was Mamai Aziz (1367–1369), actual ruler was Mamai Jani Beg II (1369–1370), actual ruler was Mamai Muhammad Bolak (1370–1379), actual ruler was Mamai Tulun Beg Khanum (1370–1373), actual ruler was Mamai Aig Beg (1373–1376), actual ruler was Mamai Arab Shaykh (1376–1379), actual ruler was Mamai Kagan Beg (1375–1376), actual ruler was Mamai Ilbani (1373–1376), actual ruler was Mamai Hajji Cherkes (1375–1376), actual ruler was Mamai Urus Khan (1376–1378), Urus was also Khan of the White Horde and uncle of Toqtamish, allowing the Hordes to unite. Muhammad Bolaq (1375), actual ruler was Mamai Ghiyath-ud-din Khaqan Beg (1375–1377) Toqtaqiya (1377) Arab Shah Muzaffar (1377–1380), actual ruler was Mamai Timur-Malik (1377–1378) Ghiyath-ud-din Khaqan Beg (1375–1377) Tokhtamysh (1380–1395) Temür Qutlugh (1396–1401), actual ruler was Edigu Shadi Beg (1399–1407), actual ruler was Edigu Pulad (1407–1410), actual ruler was Edigu Temür (1410–1412) Jalal ad-Din khan (1411–1412) Feicüs al-Doste (1413–1414) Karimberdi Kebeg Jabbar Berdi (1417–1419) Olugh Mokhammad (1419–1421, 1428–1433) Dawlat Berdi (1419–1421, 1427–1432) Baraq (1422–1427) Seyid Akhmed (1433–1435) Küchük Muhammad (1435–1459) Mahmud (1459–1465) Ahmed (1465–1481) Shayk Ahmad (1481–1498, 1499–1502) Murtada (1498–1499)

Left wing (White Horde)

Orda (1226–1251) Qun Quran (1251–c.1280) Köchü (c.1280–1302) Buyan (Bayan) (1302–1309) Sasibuqa (1309–1315) Ilbasan (1315–1320) Mubarak Khwaja (1320–1344) Chimtay (1344–1374) Urus (1374–1376) Toqtaqiya (1376) Timur-Malik (1377) Tokhtamysh (1377–1378) Koiruchik (1378–1399) Baraq (1423–1428) Muhammed (1428–1431) Mustafa (1431–1446) Ögedei Khanate

Kaydu Ulus

Kaydu Chapar Ali Sultan Danişmendji Soyurgatmish Sultan Mahmud Khan

Yenisei Kingdom

Melig Ayachi Abdullah Tuman Taywan Timürci Arg Temur Hutulugtumor

Right wing (Blue Horde)

Actual rulers of the Golden Horde (Jochid Ulus, Kipchak Khanate) were members of the House of Batu until 1361.

RulerReignInformationBatu Khan1227 - 1255The first Khan of the Golden Horde and the first Khan of its Western Half (the Blue Horde).Sartaq Khan1256 - 1257The second Khan of the Golden Horde and the Blue Horde.Ulaghchi1257The third Khan of the Golden Horde and Blue Horde. The last Khan of the Golden Horde that believed in Tengrism.Berke Khan1257 - 1266The fourth Khan of the Golden Horde and the Blue Horde. The first Islamic Khan of the Golden Horde and supporter of Ariq Böke in the Toluid Civil War.Mengu-Timur1266 - 1280The fifth Khan of the Golden Horde and the Blue Horde.Tode Mongke1280 - 1287The sixth Khan of the Golden Horde and the Blue Horde.Talabuga1287 - 1291The seventh Khan of the Golden Horde and the Blue Horde.Toqta1291 - 1312The eighth Khan of the Golden Horde and the Blue Horde.Özbeg Khan1313 - 1341The ninth Khan of the Golden Horde and the Blue Horde.Tini Beg1341 - 1342The tenth Khan of the Golden Horde and the Blue Horde.Jani Beg1342 - 1357The eleventh Khan of the Golden Horde and the Blue Horde.Berdi Beg1357 - 1359The twelve Khan of the Golden Horde and Blue Horde.QulpaAugust 1359 - February 1360The thirteenth Khan of the Golden Horde and Blue Horde.Nawruz Beg1360The fourteenth Khan of the Golden Horde and Blue Horde.Khiḍr Khan1360 - 1361The fifteenth Khan of the Golden Horde and Blue Horde.Timur Khwaja1361The sixteenth Khan of the Golden Horde and Blue Horde.Ordu Malik1361The seventeenth Khan of the Golden Horde and Blue Horde.Kildi Beg1361 - 1362The eighteenth Khan of the Golden Horde and the Blue Horde.Abdallāh1361 - 1370The nineteenth Khan of the Golden Horde and Blue Horde. Under the influence of Mamai.Tulun Beg Khanum1370 - 1371The first Queen of the Golden Horde and Blue Horde.Muhammad Sultan1370/1371 - 1379The twentieth Khan of the Golden Horde and Blue Horde. Under the influence of Mamai.Tulak1379 - 1380The twenty-first Khan of the Golden Horde and Blue Horde. Under the influence of Mamai.

Great Horde (1466–1502)

Ilkhanate

Hülëgü (1256–1265) Abaqa (1265–1282) Tekuder (1282–1284) Arghun (1284–1291) Gaykhatu (1291–1295) Baydu (1295) Ghazan (1295–1304) Öljaitü (1304–1316) Abu Sa'id (1316–1335) Arpa Ke'ün (1335–1336)

After the murder of Arpa, the regional states established during the disintegration of the Ilkhanate raised their own candidates as claimants.

Musa (1336–1337) (puppet of 'Ali Padshah of Baghdad) Muhammad (1336–1338) (Jalayirid puppet) Sati Beg (1338–1339) (Chobanid puppet) Sulayman (1339–1343) (Chobanid puppet, recognized by the Sarbadars 1341–1343) Jahan Temür (1339–1340) (Jalayirid puppet) Anushirwan (1343–1356) (non-dynastic Chobanid puppet) Ghazan II (1356–1357) (known only from coinage)

Claimants from eastern Persia (Khurasan):

Togha Temür (c. 1338–1353) (recognized by the Kartids 1338–1349; by the Jalayirids 1338–1339, 1340–1344; by the Sarbadars 1338–1341, 1344, 1353) Luqman (1353–1388) (son of Togha Temür)

Chobanids (1335–1357)

Jalayirid Sultanate (1335–1432)

Injuids (1335–1357)

Arghun dynasty (1479?–1599?)

Chagatai Khanate

Chagatai Khan 1226–1242 Qara Hülëgü 1242–1246 d. 1252 Yesü Möngke 1246–1252 Qara Hülëgü (restored) 1252 Mubarak Shah 1252–1260 Orghana Khatun (fem.), regent 1252–1260 Alghu 1260–1266 Mubarak Shah (restored) 1266 Baraq 1266–1270 Negübei 1270–c. 1272 Buqa Temür c. 1272–1287 Duwa 1287–1307 Könchek 1306–1308 Taliqu 1308–1309 Kebek 1309 d. 1325 Esen Buqa I 1309–c. 1318 Kebek (restored) c. 1318–1325 Eljigidey 1325–1329 Duwa Temür 1329–1330 Aladdin Tarmashirin 1331–1334 Buzan 1334–1335 Changshi 1335–1338 Yesun Temur c. 1338–c. 1342 with... 'Ali-Sultan 1342 Muhammad I ibn Pulad 1342–1343 Qazan Khan ibn Yasaur 1343–1346 Danishmendji 1346–1348

The Chagatai Khanate was split into two parts, the Western Chagatai Khanate and the Eastern Chagatai Khanate (Moghulistan).

Western Chagatai Khanate Bayan Qulï 1348–1358 Shah Temür 1358 Tughlugh Timur (in Mogulistan 1348–1363) 1358–1363 Ilyas Khodja (in Mogulistan 1363–1368) 1363 d. 1368 Adil-Sultan 1363 Khabul Shah 1364–1370

From 1370 on, the Western Chagatai Khans were puppets of Timur.

Suurgatmish 1370–1388 Sultan Mahmud (Mohammed II) 1388–1403

Eastern Chagatai Khanate (Moghulistan)

Moghulistan was split into the Turpan Khanate and Yarkent Khanate in the late 15th century.

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Turpan Khanate

Yarkent Khanate

Kara Del (1383–1513)

Northern Yuan dynasty (1368–1635)

Khagans of the Mongols or Northern Yuan dynasty (rump state of Yuan dynasty until 1388):

Toghon Temür (1368–1370) Biligtü Khan Ayushiridara (1370–1378) Uskhal Khan Tögüs Temür (1378–1388) Jorightu Khan Yesüder (1388–1391) – descendant of Ariq Böke Engke Khan (1391–1394) – descendant of Ariq Böke Elbeg Nigülesügchi Khan (1394–1399) Gün Temür Khan (1399–1402) – descendant of Ariq Böke Örüg Temür Khan (nickname Guilichi) (1402–1408) – descendant of Ögedei Öljei Temür Khan (Bunyashiri) (1408–1412) Delbeg Khan (Dalbag) (1412–1415) – descendant of Ariq Böke Oyiradai (1415–1425) – descendant of Ariq Böke Adai Khan (1425–1438) – descendant of Ögedei Tayisung Khan Toghtoa Bukha (1433–1452) Agbarjin (1453) Esen taishi – the leader of the Oirats (1453–1454) – non-Chingisid Markörgis Khan (Ükegtü) (1454–1465) Molon Khan (1465–1466) Manduul Khan (1475–1478) Dayan Khan (Batu Möngke) (1478–1516) Bars Bolud Jinong (deputy) Bodi Alagh Khan (1516–1547) Daraisung Guden Khan (1547–1557) Tümen Jasagtu Khan (1557–1592) Buyan Sechen Khan (1592–1604) Ligdan Khan (1604–1634) Ejei Khan (1634–1635)

Genghisid Khalkha Khans (1600s–1691) Independent Khalkha Mongol Khans (before Outer Mongolia merged into the Manchu Qing dynasty):

Tüsheet Khans

Abtai Sain Khan (1567–1588) Eriyekhei Mergen Khan (1589–?) Gombodorji Khan (d. 1655) Chakhun Dorji Khan (1654–1698)

Jasagtu Khans Laikhur Khan Subandai Khan Norbu Bisireltü Khan (d. 1661) Chambun Khan (1670?–) Zenggün Shara (d. 1687)

Sechen Khans

Sholoi Setsen Khan ( 1630–1650), son of Möru Buima Noyan and founder of the Setsen Khan line. Babu Setsen Khan (1655–1683), fifth son of Sholoi. Norov Setsen Khan (1683–1688), third son of Babu. Navaanneren (1910–1922), eldest son of Tserendondov, who was the son of Orjinjav, son of Artased.

Altan Khan of the Khalkha

Ubasi Khong Tayiji (Shului Ubasha Khong Tayiji) (?–1623) Badma Erdeni Khong Tayiji (1623–?) Erinchin Lobsang Tayiji (or Lobdzang or Rinchen Sayin Khong Tayiji) (1658–1691)

Oirats

Four Oirat (1399–1634)

Khuuhai Dayuu (c. 1399) Ugetchi Khashikha (Mongolian: Ögöchi Khashikha; Mönkhtömör) Batula Chinsan (Bahamu, Mahamud) (1399–1408) Togoon Tayisi (Toghan) (1408–1438) Esen (1438–1454) Amasanj (1454–1455) Ush-Temür (Ish-Temür) (1455–1469) Khishig Urlugh Arkhan Chingsang

Dzungar Khanate

Khara Khula (d. 1634) Baatur Khung-Taiji (1634–1653) Sengge (1653–1670) Galdan Boshugtu Khan (1670–1697) Tsewang Arabtan (1694–1727) Galdan Tseren Khan (1727–1745) Tsewang-Dorji-Namjil (1746–1749) Lamdarja (1749–1752) Dawachi (1752–1755)

Khans of Khoshut Khanate

Güshi Khan Toro-Baikhu (1642–1655)