Demidov Prize

The Demidov Prize () is a national scientific prize in Russia awarded annually to the members of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Originally awarded from 1832 to 1866 in the Russian Empire. In its original incarnation it was one of the first annual scientific awards, and its traditions influenced other awards of this kind including the Nobel Prize.

It was revived by the government of Russia's Sverdlovsk Oblast in 1993, as the "Demidov Prize of the Scientific Demidov Foundation".

History

In 1831 Count Pavel Nikolaievich Demidov, representative of the famous Demidov family, established a scientific prize in his name. The Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences (now the Russian Academy of Sciences) was chosen as the awarding institution. In 1832 the president of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences, Sergei Uvarov, awarded the first prizes.

From 1832 to 1866 the Academy awarded 55 full prizes (5,000 rubles) and 220 part prizes. Among the winners were many prominent Russian scientists: the founder of field surgery and inventor of the plaster immobilisation method in treatment of fractures, Nikolai Pirogov; the seafarer and geographer Adam Johann von Krusenstern, who led the first russian circumnavigation of the globe; Dmitri Mendeleev, the creator of the periodic table of elements; Boris Jacobi, pioneer of the first usable electric motors; and many others. One of the recipients was the founder's younger brother, Count Anatoly Nikolaievich Demidov, 1st Prince of San Donato, in 1847; Pavel had died in 1840, making Anatoly the Count Demidov (note that Russia did not recognize Anatoly's Italian title of prince).

From 1866, 25 years after Count Demidov's death, as was according to the terms of his bequest, there were no more awards.

In 1993, on the initiative of the vice-president of the Russian Academy of Sciences Gennady Mesyats and the governor of the Sverdlovsk Oblast Eduard Rossel, the Demidov Prize traditions were restored. The prize is awarded for outstanding achievements in natural sciences and humanities. The winners are elected annually among the members of the Russian Academy of Sciences. According to the tradition every year the Demidov Scientific Foundation chooses three or four academicians to receive the award. The prize includes a medal, a diploma and $10,000. The awards ceremony takes place every year at the Governor's Palace of Sverdlovsk Oblast, in Yekaterinburg, Russia. The recipients of the Prize also give lectures at the Ural State University (Demidov Lecture).

Winners (1832-1866) YearPortraitRecipient(s)Field(s)Ref1832 Magnus Georg Paucker Physics Julius Hagemeister Economics1833 Aleksandr Vostokov Philology Carl Philipp Reiff Philology1835 Fr Theodore SidonskyPhilosophy Archimandrite Hyacinth (Nikita Bichurin) History Philology1836 Friedrich Benjamin Lütke Geography Nikolaus Braschmann Mathematics Alexander Mikhailovsky-Danilevsky History1837 Adam Johann von KrusensternGeography Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander Astronomy Nikolay Ustryalov History1838 Stanislav Chaudoir History1839 Archimandrite Hyacinth (Nikita Bichurin) Philology Alexander Kazembek Philology Nikolai MedemMilitary sciences1840 Mikhail Pogodin Philology David Chubinashvili Philology Boris Jacobi Physics1841 Alexander Postels Biology Franz Josef Ruprecht Biology1842 Ferdinand von Wrangel Geography1844 Chaim Zelig SlonimskiInventionsChaim Aronson, Norman Marsden (1983) A Jewish Life Under the Tsars: The Autobiography of Chaim Aronson, 1825–1888 Oxford Centre for Postgraduate Hebrew Studies, p. 310 Aleksandr VostokovPhilology Fr Gerasim Pavsky Philology Nikolai Pirogov Medicine1845 Friedrich von Adelung Geography1846 Aleksey Savich Astronomy Józef Kowalewski Philology Karl Ernst Claus Chemistry1847 Alexander Keyserling Geography Paul von KrusensternGeography Count Anatoly DemidovGeography Dmitry Tolstoy History David Chubinashvili Philology1848 Johan Jakob Nervander Meteorology1849 Pafnuty ChebyshevMathematics1850 Fyodor GoremykinMilitary sciences1851 Nikolai PirogovMedicine Michael Reinecke Geography1852 Konstantin NevolinHistory Loggin SeddelerMilitary sciences1853 Dmitry Milyutin History1854 Metropolitan Macarius (Mikhail Bulgakov)Theology Konstantin Nevolin History1855 Dmitrii Ivanovich ZhuravskiiTechnical sciences1857 Nikolai TurchaninovBiology Heinz Christian Pander Geography1858 Iosif GoshkevichPhilology1859 Carl Johann Maximovich Biology1860 Nikolai Pirogov Medicine Fyodor DmitriyevLaw1861 Pyotr Pekarsky Philology Modest Bogdanovich History1862 Modest von KorffHistory Dmitri Mendeleev Chemistry1863 Grigory Butakov Maritime sciences1865 Friedrich von Smitt History Ludwig Schwarz Geodesy

Prize of the Scientific Demidov Foundation YearPortraitRecipient(s)Field(s)Ref1993 Sergei Vonsovsky Physics Nikolay Kochetkov Chemistry Geology Valentin YaninHistory Economics1994 Boris Rauschenbach Mechanics Biology Pyotr Kropotkin Geology Nikita Tolstoy Philology1995 Andrei Viktorovich Gaponov-GrekhovPhysics Chemistry Geophysics History1996 Nikolay Krasovsky Mathematics and mechanics Vladimir Sokolov Biology Georgy Golitsyn Earth sciences Yevgeni Chelyshev Philology1997 Alexander Skrinsky Physics Nikolay Vatolin Chemistry Earth sciences Andrey Zaliznyak Linguistics1998 Oleg Gazenko Biology Andre GoncharMathematics Valentin SedovHistory Earth sciences1999 Zhores Alferov Physics Earth sciences Chemistry2000 Victor MaslovMathematics Mechanics Earth sciences Tatyana Zaslavskaya Economics and sociology2001 Aleksandr Prokhorov Physics Chemistry Earth sciences2002 Ludvig Faddeev Mathematics Viktor Savelyev Medicine Law Gennady Mesyats Physics2003 Physics Irina Beletskaya Chemistry Earth sciences2004 Gury Marchuk Mathematics Biology Anatoly Derevyanko History and archeology2005 Physics Physicochemistry Earth sciences2006 Timur Eneev Mathematics History Medicine2007 Physics Chemistry Earth science2008 Mathematics Anatoly Grigoriev Medicine Economics2009 Physics Earth science Chemistry Alexey Olovnikov Biology2010 Yury Osipov Mathematics Chemistry Humanities2011 Alexander Andreev Physics Biology Earth science2012 Yevgeny Primakov Social science Ilya Moiseev Chemistry Yevgeny Avrorin Physics2013 Yuri Yershov Mathematics Alexander Spirin Biology Mining 2014 Nikolai Kardashev astrophysics chemistry Wheat breeding 2015 Mikhail Marov Space exploration Cardiology Palaeovolcanology 2016 Analytical chemistry Vyacheslav Molodin Archaeology Valery Rubakov Fundamental physics2017 Vladimir Fortov Physics Agrarian sciences Vladimir Skulachev Bioenergetics2019 Yuri Oganessian Nuclear physics Alexander Chibilev Vyacheslav Rozhnov Eduard Rossel 2020 Viktor Sadovnichiy Mathematics Leopold Igorevich Leontiev Metallurgy Anatoly Torkunov International relations

Demidov Prize

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