22nd United States Congress

The 22nd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1831, to March 4, 1833, during the third and fourth years of Andrew Jackson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1820 United States census. Both chambers had a Jacksonian majority.

Major events

December 28, 1832: Vice President John C. Calhoun resigned. The first Vice President of the United States to do so. Nullification Crisis

Major legislation

July 14, 1832: Tariff of 1832, ch. 227, March 2, 1833: Tariff of 1833 (Compromise Tariff), ch. 55, March 2, 1833: Force Bill, ch. 57,

Party summary The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate President: John C. Calhoun (J), resigned December 28, 1832; thereafter vacant. President pro tempore: Samuel Smith (J), first elected December 5, 1831 Littleton W. Tazewell (J), elected July 9, 1832 Hugh Lawson White (J), elected December 3, 1832

House of Representatives Speaker: Andrew Stevenson (J)

Members This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and representatives are listed by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1832; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1834; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1836.

Alabama 2. William R. King (J) 3. Gabriel Moore (J)

Connecticut 1. Samuel A. Foot (NR) 3. Gideon Tomlinson (NR)

Delaware 1. Arnold Naudain (NR) 2. John M. Clayton (NR)

Georgia 2. George M. Troup (J) 3. John Forsyth (J)

Illinois 2. John M. Robinson (J) 3. Elias K. Kane (J)

Indiana 1. Robert Hanna (NR), from August 19, 1831 - January 3, 1832 John Tipton (J), from January 3, 1832 3. William Hendricks (NR)

Kentucky 2. George M. Bibb (J) 3. Henry Clay (NR), from November 10, 1831

Louisiana 2. Edward Livingston (J), until May 24, 1831 George A. Waggaman (NR), from November 15, 1831 3. Josiah S. Johnston (NR)

Maine 1. John Holmes (NR) 2. Peleg Sprague (NR)

Maryland 1. Samuel Smith (J) 3. Ezekiel F. Chambers (NR)

Massachusetts 1. Daniel Webster (NR) 2. Nathaniel Silsbee (NR)

Mississippi 1. Powhatan Ellis (J), until July 16, 1832 John Black (J), from November 12, 1832 2. George Poindexter (NR)

Missouri 1. Thomas H. Benton (J) 3. Alexander Buckner (J)

New Hampshire 2. Samuel Bell (NR) 3. Isaac Hill (J)

New Jersey 1. Mahlon Dickerson (J) 2. Theodore Frelinghuysen (NR)

New York 1. Charles E. Dudley (J) 3. William L. Marcy (J), until January 1, 1833 Silas Wright Jr. (J), from January 4, 1833

North Carolina 2. Bedford Brown (J) 3. Willie P. Mangum (J)

Ohio 1. Benjamin Ruggles (NR) 3. Thomas Ewing (NR)

Pennsylvania 1. Isaac D. Barnard (J), until December 6, 1831 George M. Dallas (J), from December 13, 1831 3. William Wilkins (J)

Rhode Island 1. Asher Robbins (NR) 2. Nehemiah R. Knight (NR)

South Carolina 2. Robert Y. Hayne (N), until December 3, 1832 John C. Calhoun (N), from December 29, 1832 3. Stephen D. Miller (N), until March 2, 1833, vacant for remainder of term

Tennessee 1. Felix Grundy (J) 2. Hugh Lawson White (J)

Vermont 1. Horatio Seymour (NR) 3. Samuel Prentiss (NR)

Virginia 1. John Tyler (J) 2. Littleton W. Tazewell (J), until July 16, 1832 William C. Rives (J), from December 10, 1832

House of Representatives

The names of representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama . Clement C. Clay (J) . Samuel W. Mardis (J) . Dixon H. Lewis (J)

Connecticut All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. . Noyes Barber (NR) . William W. Ellsworth (NR) . Jabez W. Huntington (NR) . Ralph I. Ingersoll (NR) . William L. Storrs (NR) . Ebenezer Young (NR)

Delaware . John J. Milligan (NR)

Georgia All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. . Thomas F. Foster (J) . Henry G. Lamar (J) . Wilson Lumpkin (J), until ????, 1831 Augustin S. Clayton (J), from January 21, 1832 . Daniel Newnan (J) . Wiley Thompson (J) . James M. Wayne (J) . Richard Henry Wilde (J)

Illinois . Joseph Duncan (J)

Indiana . Ratliff Boon (J) . John Carr (J) . Johnathan McCarty (J)

Kentucky . Henry Daniel (J) . Thomas A. Marshall (NR) . Chilton Allan (NR) . Robert P. Letcher (NR) . Richard M. Johnson (J) . Joseph Lecompte (J) . John Adair (J) . Nathan Gaither (J) . Charles A. Wickliffe (J) . Christopher Tompkins (NR) . Albert G. Hawes (J) . Chittenden Lyon (J)

Louisiana . Edward D. White (NR) . Philemon Thomas (J) . Henry A. Bullard (NR)

Maine . Rufus McIntire (J) . John Anderson (J) . Edward Kavanagh (J) . George Evans (NR) . Cornelius Holland (J) . Leonard Jarvis (J) . James Bates (J)

Maryland The 5th district was a plural district with two representatives. . Daniel Jenifer (NR) . Benedict J. Semmes (NR) . George C. Washington (NR) . Francis Thomas (J) . Benjamin C. Howard (J) . John T. H. Worthington (J) . George E. Mitchell (J), until June 28, 1832 Charles S. Sewall (J), from October 1, 1832 . John L. Kerr (NR) . John S. Spence (NR)

Massachusetts . Nathan Appleton (NR) . Rufus Choate (NR) . Jeremiah Nelson (NR) . Edward Everett (NR) . John Davis (NR) . Joseph G. Kendall (NR) . George J. Grennell Jr. (NR) . Isaac C. Bates (NR) . George N. Briggs (NR) . Henry A. S. Dearborn (NR) . John Quincy Adams (NR) . James L. Hodges (NR) . John Reed Jr. (NR)

Mississippi . Franklin E. Plummer (J)

Missouri . Spencer D. Pettis (J), until August 28, 1831 William H. Ashley (J), from October 31, 1831

New Hampshire All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. . John Brodhead (J) . Thomas Chandler (J) . Joseph Hammons (J) . Joseph M. Harper (J) . Henry Hubbard (J) . John W. Weeks (J)

New Jersey All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. . Lewis Condict (NR) . Silas Condit (NR) . Richard M. Cooper (NR) . Thomas H. Hughes (NR) . James F. Randolph (NR) . Isaac Southard (NR)

New York There were three plural districts, the 20th & 26th had two representatives each, the 3rd had three representatives. . James Lent (J), until February 22, 1833, vacant thereafter . John T. Bergen (J) . Churchill C. Cambreleng (J) . Gulian C. Verplanck (J) . Campbell P. White (J) . Aaron Ward (J) . Edmund H. Pendleton (NR) . Samuel J. Wilkin (NR) . John C. Brodhead (J) . John King (J) . Job Pierson (J) . Gerrit Y. Lansing (J) . Erastus Root (J) . Joseph Bouck (J) . William G. Angel (J) . Samuel Beardsley (J) . Michael Hoffman (J) . Nathan Soule (J) . John W. Taylor (NR) . Nathaniel Pitcher (J) . William Hogan (J) . Charles Dayan (J) . Daniel Wardwell (J) . John A. Collier (Anti-M) . Edward C. Reed (J) . Freeborn G. Jewett (J) . Ulysses F. Doubleday (J) . Gamaliel H. Barstow (Anti-M) . William Babcock (Anti-M) . John Dickson (Anti-M) . Frederick Whittlesey (Anti-M) . Grattan H. Wheeler (Anti-M) . Phineas L. Tracy (Anti-M) . Bates Cooke (Anti-M)

North Carolina . William B. Shepard (NR) . John Branch (J), from May 12, 1831 . Thomas H. Hall (J) . Jesse Speight (J) . James I. McKay (J) . Robert Potter (J), until November ????, 1831 Micajah T. Hawkins (J), from December 15, 1831 . Lauchlin Bethune (J) . Daniel L. Barringer (J) . Augustine H. Shepperd (J) . Abraham Rencher (J) . Henry W. Connor (J) . Samuel P. Carson (J) . Lewis Williams (NR)

Ohio . James Findlay (J) . Thomas Corwin (NR) . Joseph H. Crane (NR) . Joseph Vance (NR) . William Russell (J) . William Creighton Jr. (NR) . Samuel F. Vinton (NR) . William Stanbery (NR) . William W. Irvin (J) . William Kennon Sr. (J) . Humphrey H. Leavitt (J) . John Thomson (J) . Elisha Whittlesey (NR) . Eleutheros Cooke (NR)

Pennsylvania There were six plural districts, the 7th, 8th, 11th & 16th had two representatives each, the 4th & 9th had three representatives each. . Joel B. Sutherland (J) . Henry Horn (J) . John G. Watmough (NR) . Joshua Evans Jr. (J) . William Hiester (Anti-M) . David Potts Jr. (Anti-M) . Joel K. Mann (J) . John C. Bucher (J) . Henry King (J) . Henry A. P. Muhlenberg (J) . Peter Ihrie Jr. (J) . Samuel A. Smith (J) . Lewis Dewart (J) . James Ford (J) . Philander Stephens (J) . Adam King (J) . Thomas H. Crawford (J) . William Ramsey (J), until September 29, 1831 Robert McCoy (J), from November 22, 1831 . Robert Allison (Anti-M) . George Burd (NR) . Andrew Stewart (Anti-M) . Thomas M.T. McKennan (Anti-M) . Harmar Denny (Anti-M) . John Gilmore (J) . Richard Coulter (J) . John Banks (Anti-M)

Rhode Island Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. . Tristam Burges (NR) . Dutee J. Pearce (NR)

South Carolina . William Drayton (J) . Robert W. Barnwell (N) . Thomas R. Mitchell (J) . John Myers Felder (J) . George McDuffie (N) . Warren R. Davis (N) . William T. Nuckolls (J) . James Blair (J) . John K. Griffin (N)

Tennessee . John Blair (J) . Thomas D. Arnold (NR) . James I. Standifer (J) . Jacob C. Isacks (J) . William Hall (J) . James K. Polk (J) . John Bell (J) . Cave Johnson (J) . William Fitzgerald (J)

Vermont . Jonathan Hunt (NR), until May 15, 1832 Hiland Hall (NR), from January 1, 1833 . Rollin C. Mallary (NR), until April 15, 1831 William Slade (Anti-M), from November 1, 1831 . Horace Everett (NR) . Heman Allen (NR) . William Cahoon (Anti-M)

Virginia . Thomas Newton Jr. (NR) . John Y. Mason (J) . William S. Archer (J) . Mark Alexander (J) . Thomas T. Bouldin (J) . Thomas Davenport (J) . Nathaniel H. Claiborne (J) . Richard Coke Jr. (J) . Andrew Stevenson (J) . William F. Gordon (J) . John M. Patton (J) . John J. Roane (J) . Joseph W. Chinn (J) . Charles F. Mercer (NR) . John S. Barbour (J) . William Armstrong (NR) . Robert Allen (J) . Philip Doddridge (NR), until November 19, 1832 Joseph Johnson (J), from January 21, 1833 . William McCoy (J) . Robert Craig (J) . Lewis Maxwell (NR) . Charles C. Johnston (J), until June 17, 1832 Joseph Draper (J), from December 6, 1832

Non-voting members . Ambrose H. Sevier (J) . Joseph M. White . Austin E. Wing

Changes in membership These counts reflect changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

Replacements: 7 Jacksonians: no net change National Republicans: no net change Nullifiers: no net change Deaths: 0 Resignations: 7 Interim appointments: 1 Total seats with changes: 9

| Indiana(1) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | James Noble had died February 26, 1831, in the previous Congress.Successor appointed August 19, 1831. | | Robert Hanna (NR) | Installed August 19, 1831

| Kentucky(3) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Legislature elected late November 10, 1831. | | Henry Clay (NR) | Installed November 10, 1831

| Louisiana(2) | | Edward Livingston (J) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 24, 1831, after being appointed U.S. Secretary of State.Successor elected November 15, 1831. | | George A. Waggaman (NR) | Installed November 15, 1831

| Pennsylvania(1) | | Isaac D. Barnard (J)