List of vice presidents of the Philippines

The vice president of the Philippines is the second-highest executive official in the government of the Philippines. The vice president is directly elected by qualified voters to a six-year term, and may be a cabinet member without confirmation from the Commission on Appointments and is first in the presidential line of succession.

The incumbent vice president is Sara Duterte, who assumed office on June 30, 2022.

History The office of vice president was initially created following the ratification of the 1935 Constitution of the Philippines, which states that the vice president shall be elected by direct vote of the people. Vice presidents during the Commonwealth of the Philippines were under American sovereignty, and there was no office of vice president during the Second Republic, which was considered to be a puppet state of Imperial Japan during World War II. During the martial law declared by President Ferdinand Marcos from 1972 to 1981, the office of the vice president was abolished and the sitting vice president, Fernando Lopez, was removed from the office. Though the 1973 Constitution initially did not provide for a vice president, subsequent amendments restored the office. A vice president was appointed after the 1986 election when Marcos and Arturo Tolentino were proclaimed as winners by the Batasang Pambansa. However, in 1986, the People Power Revolution overthrew Marcos' dictatorship and repealed the 1973 Constitution. In 2013, the National Historical Commission of the Philippines through Resolution No. 2, series of 2013 declared that Tolentino is not part of the official list of vice presidents of the Philippines. The subsequently formed 1987 Constitution of the Philippines was established, which states that: "There shall be a vice-president who shall have the same qualifications and term of office and be elected with, and in the same manner, as the president."

Before the ratification of the 1987 Constitution, in case of an intra-term vacancy, there was no process to appoint a new vice president until after the next election. However, after the ratification of the 1987 constitution, the president could nominate a vice president in case of an intra-term vacancy from a member of the congress, whom both houses vote separately for confirmation by a majority vote. In 2001, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo became president after the Supreme Court of the Philippines ruled that President Joseph Estrada resigned. A few days later, she appointed Teofisto Guingona as the vice president. Guingona is the only person being unelected to the position.

Three vice presidents have succeeded to the presidency due to the death of presidents: Sergio Osmeña in 1944, Elpidio Quirino in 1948, and Carlos P. Garcia in 1957. Fernando Lopez was the longest-serving vice president, who served for a combined total of almost 11 years. Elpidio Quirino served the shortest time as vice president for approximately 1 year and 11 months.

List of vice presidents

No. PortraitNameTerm startTerm endTerm lengthParty ElectionPresident1Sergio OsmeñaNovember 15,1935August 1,1944Nacionalista1935Manuel L. Quezon1941 colspan="9" Sergio Osmeña2Elpidio QuirinoMay 28,1946April 17,1948Liberal1946Manuel Roxas colspan="9" Elpidio Quirino3Fernando LopezDecember 30,1949December 30,19534 yearsLiberal1949Democratic4Carlos P. GarciaDecember 30,1953March 18,1957Nacionalista1953Ramon Magsaysay colspan="9" Carlos P. Garcia5Diosdado MacapagalDecember 30,1957December 30,19614 yearsLiberal19576Emmanuel PelaezDecember 30,1961December 30,19654 yearsLiberal1961Diosdado MacapagalNacionalista7Fernando LopezDecember 30,1965January 17,1973Nacionalista1965Ferdinand Marcos1969 colspan="9" colspan="9" 8Salvador LaurelFebruary 25,1986June 30,1992UNIDO1986Corazon AquinoNacionalista9Joseph EstradaJune 30,1992June 30,19986 yearsNPC1992Fidel V. RamosLAMMP10Gloria Macapagal ArroyoJune 30,1998January 20,2001Lakas1998Joseph Estrada colspan="9" Gloria Macapagal Arroyo11Teofisto Guingona Jr.February 7,2001June 30,2004Lakas2001Independent12Noli de CastroJune 30,2004June 30,20106 yearsIndependent200413Jejomar BinayJune 30,2010June 30,20166 yearsPDP–Laban2010Benigno Aquino IIIUNA14Leni RobredoJune 30,2016June 30,20226 yearsLiberal2016Rodrigo Duterte15Sara DuterteJune 30,2022IncumbentLakas2022Bongbong MarcosHNP

Timeline

Living former vice presidents

Unofficial vice presidents Historians and other figures have identified the following people as having held the vice presidency of a government intended to represent the Philippines, but their terms of office are not counted by the Philippine government as part of the presidential succession.

The inclusion of Mariano Trías in the list is disputed, because Trias was chosen as vice president at the Tejeros Convention, and again as vice president for the short-lived Republic of Biak-na-Bato, which was dissolved after the signing of the Pact of Biak-na-Bato and Aguinaldo's exile. Neither the reassumption of power by Emilio Aguinaldo when the revolution was resumed in May 1898 nor his formal proclamation and inauguration as president under the First Philippine Republic in 1899 were regimes that provided for a vice presidency.

Portrait NameTerm startTerm endTerm length Party Election President EraMariano TríasMarch 22, 1897January 23, 1899Nonpartisan 1897Emilio Aguinaldo Tejeros Convention — Republic of Biak-na-Bato Francisco Carreón May 6, 1902 July 14, 1906 Nonpartisan — Macario Sakay Tagalog Republic Ramón Avanceña October 14, 1943 January 15, 1944 KALIBAPI —Jose P. LaurelSecond Republic Benigno Aquino Sr. January 15, 1944 August 17, 1945 KALIBAPI

Vice presidents who later served as president Vice presidentPresident served underYear(s) servedNotesSergio OsmeñaManuel L. Quezon1935–1944Osmeña succeeded Quezon, after the latter's deathElpidio QuirinoManuel Roxas1946–1948Quirino succeeded Roxas, after the latter's death; ran and won a full term in 1949Carlos P. GarciaRamon Magsaysay1953–1957Garcia succeeded Magsaysay, after the latter's death; ran and won a full term in 1957Diosdado MacapagalCarlos P. Garcia1957–1961Macapagal defeated Garcia in 1961Joseph EstradaFidel V. Ramos1992–1998Estrada ran for a full term in 1998Gloria Macapagal ArroyoJoseph Estrada1998–2001Arroyo succeeded Estrada, after the latter's resignation; ran and won a full term in 2004

See also President of the Philippines List of presidents of the Philippines Prime Minister of the Philippines (defunct)

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