This is a list of mammals of Texas. Mammals native to or immediately off the coast of the U.S. state of Texas are listed first. Introduced mammals, whether intentional or unintentional, are listed separately.

The varying geography of Texas, the second largest state, provides a large variety of habitats for mammals. The land varies from swamps, Piney Woods in the east, rocky hills and limestone karst in the central Hill Country of the Edwards Plateau, desert in the south and west, mountains in the far west (the Trans-Pecos), and grassland prairie in the north, also known as the Panhandle. The state's many rivers, including the Rio Grande, the Colorado River, and the Trinity River, also provide diverse river habitats. Its central position in the United States means that species found primarily in either the western or eastern reaches of the country often have their ranges meeting in the state. Additionally, its proximity to Mexico is such that many species found there and into Central America also range as far north as Texas.

Texas recognizes three official mammals: the Mexican long-nosed armadillo, the Texas Longhorn, and the Mexican free-tailed bat. State law protects numerous species. The state also recognizes the Texas State Bison Herd at Caprock Canyons State Park since 2011, the state Longhorn herd at multiple state parks since 1969, and the state dog breed, Blue Lacy since 2005.

List of species Order Xenarthra Dasypodidae Dasypodidae is a family of armoured mammals found mainly in Latin America.

DasypodidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Dasypus novemcinctus Mexican long-nosed armadillo Found in all of Texas, except the Trans-Pecos region

Order Chiroptera

Phyllostomidae

PhyllostomidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Choeronycteris mexicana Mexican long-tongued bat Only found in South Texas; may be slowly increasing distribution northward. Diphylla ecaudata Hairy-legged vampire bat Only one specimen found in 1967, in Val Verde County. Leptonycteris nivalis Greater long-nosed bat Only found in Presidio County and Brewster County.

Mormoopidae MormoopidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Mormoops megalophylla Ghost-faced bat Found in the Trans-Pecos, South Texas Plains, and the southern edge of the Edwards Plateau.

Vespertilionidae VespertilionidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Aeorestes cinereus Hoary bat Found in mature forested areas across the state Antrozous pallidus Pallid bat Commonly found in the western half of Texas, including the panhandle. Corynorhinus rafinesquii Rafinesque's big-eared bat Found in small localities in the Pineywoods of East Texas. Corynorhinus townsendii Townsend's big-eared bat Commonly found in the western half of Texas, including the panhandle. Population in West Texas and Panhandle are divided into subspecies. Dasypterus ega Southern yellow bat Found in seven counties in the Rio Grande Valley. Dasypterus intermedius Northern yellow bat Occurs in the eastern and southern part of the state, including along the coast. Dasypterus xanthinus Western yellow bat Reported in the southernmost counties of Texas surrounding Big Bend National Park. Eptesicus fuscus Big brown bat Found primarily iy the eastern, northern and western parts of the state. Euderma maculatum Spotted bat Found only in Big Bend National Park. Lasionycteris noctivagans Silver-haired bat Found in forested areas across the state, not seen often in cities. Lasiurus blossevillii Desert red bat One specimen found in Presidio County in 1988 Lasiurus borealis Eastern red bat Found state-wide, but most commonly found in the eastern and central part of the state Lasiurus seminolus Seminole bat Found in the eastern part of the state Myotis austroriparius Southeastern myotis Found in eastern Texas caves Myotis californicus California myotis Found primarily in the Chihuahuan Desert and Trans-Pecos region of Texas Myotis ciliolabrum Western small-footed myotis Found primarily in the Trans-Pecos mountains and small populations in the panhandle Myotis occultus Arizona myotis One found in Hudspeth Co., likely a migrant individual. Myotis septentrionalis Northern long-eared myotis Only one specimen ever found in Dimmit Co. Myotis thysanodes Fringed myotis Found in the Trans-Pecos region, with one migrant specimen collected in the Panhandle. Myotis velifer Cave myotis Found in most areas in Texas except the Pineywoods. Myotis volans Long-legged myotis Found in the Trans-Pecos region, with one migrant specimen collected in the Panhandle. Myotis yumanensis Yuma myotis Found in south Texas along the Rio Grande River. Nycticeius humeralis Evening bat Found widespread throughout the state except for the Panhandle, with westward expansion of their range. Parastrellus hesperus Canyon bat Found in the western half of the state, especially the Trans-Pecos Mountains. Perimyotis subflavus Tricolored bat Found in most regions of Texas except the Trans-Pecos.

Molossidae

MolossidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Eumops perotis Western mastiff bat Found in Val Verde, Terrell, Brewster, and Presidio counties in South Texas and in Midland County in the west Nyctinomops femorosacca Pocketed free-tailed bat Found in Val Verde, Terrell, Brewster, and Presidio counties in South Texas. Nyctinomops macrotis Big free-tailed bat Scattered localities in the Panhandle, Trans-Pecos region, and recently in Wise County Molossus molossus Velvety free-tailed bat Vagrant Tadarida brasiliensis Mexican free-tailed bat State-wide distribution in the summer, with the eastern population being year-round residents

Order Carnivora

Canidae

CanidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Canis latrans Coyote ubiquitous throughout Texas Canis lupus Gray wolf all subspecies previously found in Texas are either extinct or extirpated; see below C. l. baileyi Mexican wolf extirpated C. l. monstrabilis Texas gray wolf extinct C. l. nubilus Great Plains wolf extirpated Canis rufus Red wolf the two subspecies previously found in Texas are extinct and extirpated; see below C. r. rufusTexas red wolfextinctC. r. gregoryiMississippi Valley red wolfextirpated Urocyon cinereoargenteus Gray fox Ubiquitous throughout Texas. Vulpes macrotis Kit fox Found in the Trans-Pecos and Edwards Plateau regions. Vulpes velox Swift fox Found in the Panhandle region.

Felidae

FelidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Herpailurus yagouaroundi Jaguarundi Extirpated; Last U.S. sighting in 1986 in Brownsville. Leopardus pardalis Ocelot Only found in and around Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge Leopardus wiedii Margay Extirpated; Only U.S. record found in 1852 outside Kingsville. Lynx rufus Bobcat ubiquitous throughout Texas Panthera onca Jaguar Extirpated by 1948. Puma concolor Cougar Western counties only

Procyonidae ProcyonidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Bassariscus astutus Ring-tailed cat Common in the Trans-Pecos, Edwards Plateau and Cross Timbers ecoregions, but also seen statewide except the panhandle Nasua narica White-nosed coati Recently, only seen in the Big Bend and Padre Island regions Procyon lotor RaccoonUbiquitous throughout Texas

Mephitidae MephitidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Conepatus leuconotus American hog-nosed skunk Found throughout central and southern Texas. Mephitis macroura Hooded skunk Found in the central Trans-Pecos region. Mephitis mephitis Striped skunk Ubiquitous throughout Texas. Spilogale gracilis Western spotted skunk Found in the southwestern part of the state, north to Garza Co. and east to Duvall Co. Spilogale putorius Eastern spotted skunk Found in the eastern half of the state and up into the Panhandle. Somewhat rare.

Mustelidae MustelidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Lontra canadensis North American river otter Found historically along tributaries and rivers of the Red River. Has been limited further east, but recently found as far west as Abilene. Mustela nigripes Black-footed ferret Extirpated. Before extirpation, was found wherever prairie dogs were in the Panhandle. Neogale frenata Long-tailed weasel Secretive species with few scientific records across the state. Found in a variety of habitats where water is present. Not found in the northern Panhandle. Neogale vison American mink Found in the eastern half of the state where water is present. Taxidea taxus American badger Found throughout the state except the far eastern Pineywoods.Habitat loss pushes it further east.

Phocidae PhocidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Neomonachus tropicalis Caribbean monk seal extinct

Ursidae UrsidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Ursus americanus American black bear Found in the forested areas of east Texas, the Trans-Pecos region, and at the tip of the PanhandleUrsus arctosBrown bearall populations once present in Texas are either extirpated or extinct; see below U. a. horribilis Grizzly bear extirpated; the only documented grizzly bear (U. a. horribilis) specimen was killed in 1905 in Jeff Davis CountyU. a. horribilisMexican grizzly bear extinct

Order Artiodactyla

Tayassuidae TayassuidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Dicotyles tajacu Collared peccary Mostly restricted to western Texas and south of San Antonio. Introduced populations occur in north Texas

Cervidae

CervidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Cervus canadensis Elk Reintroduced, see below C. c. merriami Merriam's elk Extinct by 1906NatureServe. 1989. Cervus elaphus merriami, Merriam's Elk. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. Available https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.103499/Cervus_elaphus_merriami. Accessed 9 December 2021. C. c. nelsoni Rocky Mountain elk Introduced to the state in 1928, currently found in the Trans-Pecos and Panhandle regions Odocoileus hemionus Mule deer Found in the western-half of the state through the Panhandle and Trans-Pecos. Odocoileus virginianus White-tailed deer Ubiquitous throughout Texas.

Antilocapridae AntilocapridaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Antilocapra americana PronghornNative to Central and Western Texas; considered the pronghorn's easternmost range

Bovidae

BovidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Bison bison American bison Reintroduced, see below. B. b. bison Plains bison Reintroduced at Caprock Canyons State Park and Fort Worth Nature Center as well as private herds. All controlled by fences. Historically widespread. Ovis canadensis Bighorn sheep Extirpated throughout original Trans-Pecos mountain ranges. See below. O. c. nelsoni Desert bighorn sheep Reintroduced populations in certain areas of the Trans-Pecos mountains are free-roaming and wild.

Order Eulipotyphla

Soricidae

SoricidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Blarina carolinensis Southern short-tailed shrew Southern short-tailed shrews are found specifically in the eastern part of the state. They usually reside in forested areas, meadows, and openings. Blarina hylophaga Elliot's short-tailed shrew The Elliot's short tailed-shrew are usually found in the south eastern part of the state. Generally, they reside where there's Live oak tree's on soft, damp soil that's easy burrowing. Cryptotis parva North American least shrew found throughout most of Texas (except the Trans-Pecos, adjacent areas and from much of the Edwards Plateau.) Notiosorex crawfordi Crawford's gray shrew

Talpidae

TalpidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Scalopus aquaticus Eastern mole Documented in the eastern two-thirds of the state, eastern areas of South Texas, along the Canadian River drainage in the Panhandle, and in Presidio County in the west

Order Sirenia Trichechidae

TrichechidaeSpeciesCommon nameDistributionStatusImage Trichechus manatus West Indian manatee Rare in Texas waters, but observed in the Laguna Madre, Cow Bayou, and near Sabine Lake, Copano Bay, San José Island, Bolivar Peninsula, and the mouth of the Rio Grande

Order Didelphimorphia