Spacing Modifier Letters is a Unicode block containing characters for the IPA, UPA, and other phonetic transcriptions. Included are the IPA tone marks, and modifiers for aspiration and palatalization. The word spacing indicates that these characters occupy their own horizontal space within a line of text. Its block name in Unicode 1.0 was simply Modifier Letters.
Character table CodeGlyph (with x as guide)DecimalDescriptionLatin superscript modifier lettersU+02B0xʰʰModifier Letter Small HU+02B1xʱʱModifier Letter Small H with hookU+02B2xʲʲModifier Letter Small JU+02B3xʳʳModifier Letter Small RU+02B4xʴʴModifier Letter Small Turned RU+02B5xʵʵModifier Letter Small Turned R with hookU+02B6xʶʶModifier Letter Small Capital Inverted RU+02B7xʷʷModifier Letter Small WU+02B8xʸʸModifier Letter Small YMiscellaneous phonetic modifiersU+02B9xʹʹModifier Letter PrimeU+02BAxʺʺModifier Letter Double PrimeU+02BBxʻʻModifier Letter Turned CommaU+02BCxʼʼModifier Letter ApostropheU+02BDxʽʽModifier Letter Reversed CommaU+02BExʾʾModifier Letter Right Half RingU+02BFxʿʿModifier Letter Left Half RingU+02C0xˀˀModifier Letter Glottal StopU+02C1xˁˁModifier Letter Reversed Glottal StopU+02C2x˂˂Modifier Letter Left ArrowheadU+02C3x˃˃Modifier Letter Right ArrowheadU+02C4x˄˄Modifier Letter Up ArrowheadU+02C5x˅˅Modifier Letter Down ArrowheadU+02C6xˆˆModifier Letter Circumflex AccentU+02C7xˇˇCaronU+02C8xˈˈModifier Letter Vertical LineU+02C9xˉˉModifier Letter MacronU+02CAxˊˊModifier Letter Acute AccentU+02CBxˋˋModifier Letter Grave AccentU+02CCxˌˌModifier Letter Low Vertical LineU+02CDxˍˍModifier Letter Low MacronU+02CExˎˎModifier Letter Low Grave AccentU+02CFxˏˏModifier Letter Low Acute AccentU+02D0xːːModifier Letter Triangular ColonU+02D1xˑˑModifier Letter Half Triangular ColonU+02D2x˒˒Modifier Letter Centered Right Half RingU+02D3x˓˓Modifier Letter Centered Left Half RingU+02D4x˔˔Modifier Letter Up TackU+02D5x˕˕Modifier Letter Down TackU+02D6x˖˖Modifier Letter Plus SignU+02D7x˗˗Modifier Letter Minus SignSpacing clones of diacriticsU+02D8x˘˘BreveU+02D9x˙˙Dot AboveU+02DAx˚˚Ring AboveU+02DBx˛˛OgonekU+02DCx˜˜Small TildeU+02DDx˝˝Double Acute AccentAdditions based on 1989 IPAU+02DEx˞˞Modifier Letter Rhotic HookU+02DFx˟˟Modifier Letter Cross AccentU+02E0xˠˠModifier Letter Small GammaU+02E1xˡˡModifier Letter Small LU+02E2xˢˢModifier Letter Small SU+02E3xˣˣModifier Letter Small XU+02E4xˤˤModifier Letter Small Reversed Glottal StopTone lettersU+02E5x˥˥Modifier Letter Extra-High Tone BarU+02E6x˦˦Modifier Letter High Tone BarU+02E7x˧˧Modifier Letter Mid Tone BarU+02E8x˨˨Modifier Letter Low Tone BarU+02E9x˩˩Modifier Letter Extra-Low Tone BarExtended Bopomofo tone marksU+02EAx˪˪Extended Bopomofo Yin Departing (for Minnan and Hakka languages)U+02EBx˫˫Extended Bopomofo Yang Departing (for Minnan and Hakka languages)IPA modifiersU+02ECxˬˬModifier Letter VoicingU+02EDx˭˭Modifier Letter UnaspiratedOther modifier letterU+02EExˮˮModifier Letter Double ApostropheUPA modifiersU+02EFx˯˯Modifier Letter Low Down ArrowheadU+02F0x˰˰Modifier Letter Low Up ArrowheadU+02F1x˱˱Modifier Letter Low Left ArrowheadU+02F2x˲˲Modifier Letter Low Right ArrowheadU+02F3x˳˳Modifier Letter Low RingU+02F4x˴˴Modifier Letter Middle Grave AccentU+02F5x˵˵Modifier Letter Middle Double Grave AccentU+02F6x˶˶Modifier Letter Middle Double Acute AccentU+02F7x˷˷Modifier Letter Low TildeU+02F8x˸˸Modifier Letter Raised ColonU+02F9x˹˹Modifier Letter Begin High ToneU+02FAx˺˺Modifier Letter End High ToneU+02FBx˻˻Modifier Letter Begin Low ToneU+02FCx˼˼Modifier Letter End Low ToneU+02FDx˽˽Modifier Letter ShelfU+02FEx˾˾Modifier Letter Open ShelfU+02FFx˿˿Modifier Letter Low Left ArrowCodeGlyphDecimalDescription
Compact table
History The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Spacing Modifier Letters block:
Version Count UTC ID L2 ID WG2 ID Document 1.0.0 U+02B0..02DD 46 (to be determined) N2043 N4281 U+02DE, 02E0..02E9 11 N2307 N2312 3.0 U+02DF 1 html) doc) N1920 html, doc) U+02EA..02EB 2 N1713R N1703 N1905 U+02EC..02ED 2 N1845 doc) N1920 U+02EE 1 N1817 doc) N1920 html, doc) 4.0 U+02EF..02FF 17 N2419 N2442
See also
Modifier letter Phonetic symbols in Unicode
References