Christian nationalism is an ideology that espouses a form of religious nationalism that focuses on promoting the Christian views of its followers in order to achieve prominence or dominance in political, cultural, and social life. In countries with a state church, Christian nationalists seek to preserve the status of a Christian state. Christian nationalism has been observed to overlap with antisemitism, racism and ethnonationalism.Dennen, Jacob, and Paul A. Djupe. 2023. “ Are christian nationalists antisemitic and why?.” Social Science Quarterly 104: 299–314. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssqu.13248

By country

Argentina Nacionalismo was a movement described as Catholic nationalist and it was strongly influenced by Maurassisme and Spanish clericalism as well as by Italian fascism and Nazism. It espoused hatred of liberalism, leftism, Freemasonry, feminism, Jews and foreigners.Sandra McGee Deutsch, Ronald H. Dolkart. The Argentine right: its history and intellectual origins, 1910 to the present. SR Books, 1993. Pp. xvi.Lvovich, Daniel (2006). El nacionalismo de derecha. Desde sus orígenes a Tacuara [Right-wing Nationalism: From Its Origins to Tacuara]. Capital Intelectual. Argentine Patriotic League was a Nacionalista paramilitary group founded in 1919. It received military training from members of the Argentine Armed Forces and supported by the Church.Book review of Luis María Caterina. La liga patriótica Argentina: Un grupo de presión frente a las convulsiones sociales de la década del veinte. Buenos Aires: Corregidor. 1995. Pp. 333 (in the American Historical Review They attacked in particular Catalans (accused of being anarchists) and Jews (accused of being Bolsheviks).

Tacuara Nationalist Movement was a neo-Nazi urban guerilla group founded in Argentina in 1957, with its origins in Catholic Christian nationalism.Galván, María Valeria. "7. Memories of Argentina's Past over Time: the Memories of Tacuara". In Nanci Adler (ed.). Tapestry of Memory: Evidence and Testimony in Life-Story Narratives. Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781315130637. ISBN 9781315130637.

Brazil In Brazil, Christian nationalism, a result of a Catholic-Evangelical coalition, has a goal of curbing the influence of "moral relativism, social liberalism, alleged neo-Marxism in its various forms, and LBGTQ rights".

A 2024 Pew Research Center survey found that 13% of Brazilians self-identified as "religious nationalists".

Canada

In the early 20th century, an antisemitic movement called the Christian Nationalist Party rose in Canada, led by the "Canadian Fuhrer" Adrian Arcand. Serviam was also the name of the newspaper founded after the suppression of the party under War Measures Act for its pro-Nazi sentiment. Serviam defined itself as "pro-Gentile and pro-Christian" and "[Serviam] combats the error of communism which is the work of the Jews" and goes on to demand the suppression of Talmud for supposedly slandering Christianity in its 1967 issue. Arcand also co-operated with the American Christian Nationalist Crusade, which distributed his writings from 1949 onwards and denounced "Jewish tyranny" in Canada.

The COVID-19 pandemic saw a rise in Christian nationalist activity with many groups using anti-lockdown sentiments to expand their reach to more people. The group Liberty Coalition Canada has garnered support from many elected politicians across Canada. In their founding documents, they argue that "it is only in Christianized nations that religious freedom has ever flourished". Their rallies have attracted the support of Alex Jones and Canada First, a spin-off of Nick Fuentes' group America First. Many of Liberty Coalition Canada's leaders are pastors who have racked up millions in potential fines for violating COVID protocols and in many cases express ultra-conservative views.

A 2024 Pew Research Center survey found that 3% of Canadians self-identified as "religious nationalists".

Croatia The Atlantic describes the Ustashe as Catholic Christian nationalist party, and claims Pope Pius XII was complicit in supporting the Croatian Christian nationalist movement despite of it perpetrating a genocide of Jews, Roma, Serbs and others. The extent to which the Catholic Church was involved in Ustashe atrocities is a matter of academic debate. Rehabilitation of the Ustashe movement plays an important part in the Catholic-nationalist movement, for example a number of clergy petitioned the Croatian President to reintroduce the Za dom spremni-salute. According to the researcher Morgan Oddie:

Eurozine describes a coalition of the radical right and the local Catholic Church. Its goal is to reverse the outcome of the Second World War: to brand anti-fascist partisans as criminals, portray the Ustashe and the Nazis as liberators, and purge public life of all minorities: political, social, sexual, religious, and ethnic. Human rights would be sharply curtailed or subordinated to Catholic moral doctrine, including the elimination of abortion rights. Thousands of Croatian nationalists attend the annual memorial mass for the Croatian Nazi collaborators killed in Bleiburg, and Croatian parliament sponsors the event with some 500,000 kunas (71,500 dollars).

Chief Secretary of the Croatian Party of Rights (a member of European Conservatives and Reformists Group in the European Parliament) and MP Pero Ćorić stated that: "the party’s ultimate goal and dream is to make Croatia a non-secular state and to put a three meter tall cross in the Parliament". The party also opposes LGBT rights, racial and sexual minorities and seeks to rehabilitate the Ustashe. The party was described as Christian Catholic Nationalist and was in a governing coalition with the Croatian Democratic Union. Ćorić was also pictured with a portrait of Poglavnik Ante Pavelic.REPORT ON POLITICAL EXTREMISM IN CROATIA Youth Initiative for Human Rights - YIHR

Czech Republic Cardinal Dominik Duka supported Christian traditionalist and nationalist causes and promoted “a populist approach and anti-immigrant rhetoric, islamophobia and disrespect for the Czech Prague intellectuals, political activists, NGOs, and human rights movements”.Lo Mascolo, G. (Ed.). (2023). The Christian Right in Europe: Movements, Networks, and Denominations (Political Science, 129). Bielefeld: transcript Verlag. https://doi.org/10.14361/9783839460382

A Dominican friar, Filip Antonín Maria Stajner, publicly recommended that Christians vote for the neo-fascist Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD). In another case during the parliamentary elections , who worked for the Archbishop of Prague, as well as the social media representative of Cardinal Dominik Duka, declared himself as the main candidate of the SPD in a Prague electoral district. He claimed that the party represented Christian values better than the too centrist Christian Democrats (KDU-ČSL). Neither Cardinal Duka nor the Prague Archbishopric issued any public disavowal or distancing from Nerušil's decision to join and run with the SPD. Nerušil became a Chamber of Deputies representative in 2026 for the SPD, which is also part of the Babiš cabinet. Nerušil and Duka were outright described as Christian nationalists by political scientist Pavla Čechová.

Among traditionalist currents in conservative Catholicism, various nationalistic initiatives linked to the Christian Right surfaced in the early 1990s, such as the Society of Charles IV and the Club of Francis Ferdinand d’Este. The Club of Francis Ferdinand d’Este specifically attracted supporters and members from the KDU-ČSL, radical groups, and exponents of neo-Nazism and antisemitism.

A broad coalition of groups formed to oppose government anti-COVID policies and related vaccination efforts. This alliance brought together participants from non-political civic associations, prominent media figures in the medical field, far-right organizations, and Christian nationalists and conservative Catholics, prominently through the groups and the St. Joseph Institute. They organized demonstrations against the introduction of COVID passes, condemning them as "permanent sanitationist apartheid". Christian nationalist activists associated with Michal Semín, wrote an open letter to Archbishop Jan Graubner, criticizing his support for the vaccination program. The letter was published on Te Deum, an ultra-Catholic online platform. Finally, Action D.O.S.T. played a key role in co-organizing large-scale mass protests in Prague against COVID restrictions. These events were jointly supported by smaller non-parliamentary parties and initiatives, including nationalist and neo-Nazi groups.

Finland

So called "Fighting Awakenism" was a militant Christian nationalist movement that incresingly embraced fascism in the 1930s, and violence was seen as a positive good in Awakenist-led extreme right movements like Academic Karelia Society (AKS), Lapua Movement and Patriotic People's Movement (IKL). One of the most prominent Christian nationalists was Pastor Elias Simojoki, leader of the fascist youth movement Blue-and-Blacks, MP of the fascist IKL and a founding member of the AKS. Simojoki wedded fanatical Christianity with Finnish irredentism and "sacred hatred" against communists and "godless ruskies", in service of which violence was justified, comparable to the Crusades.Väkivallan arvo Elias Simojoen kristillisessä nationalismissa [Value of Violence in the Christian Nationalism of Elias Simojoki] https://jyx.jyu.fi/bitstreams/bdf84f83-4c30-4678-8d15-0ce7397f10ee/download, Faculty of Philosophy and Social Sciences University of Jyväskylä Oksanen, Hannu

Another IKL MP and Vicar of the Lutheran Church Kaarlo Kares welcomed Nazi Germany and openly supported the views of the German Christian movement, and according to him, with the Nazis, "new refreshing winds were blowing in the German church".Murtorinne, Eino: Risti hakaristin varjossa : Saksan ja Pohjoismaiden kirkkojen suhteet Kolmannen valtakunnan aikana 1933–1940, s. 29, 47, 68. Helsinki: Suomen kirkkohistoriallinen seura, 1972. ISBN 951-90210-0-0. Teoksen verkkoversio (PDF). IKL clergy in general felt that the church "imbued by nationalist spirit" like in Germany was the obvious right choice, as opposed to the liberal church corrupted by internationalism, like in England and the United States. , the unofficial evangelist of the church and the founder of the held incendiary speeches to audiences of tens of thousands where he proposed following the example of the Nazi Germany and holding book burnings of "degenerate literature".Mikko Uola: Sinimusta veljeskunta – Isänmaallinen kansanliike 1932–1944. Otava, 1982. ISBN 951-1-06982-9Oula Silvennoinen, Marko Tikka & Aapo Roselius: Suomalaiset fasistit. Mustan sarastuksen airuet. Helsinki: WSOY, 2016. ISBN 978-951-0-40132-3. S. 252–253, jossa viitataan Muroman kirjoitukseen Ajan Suunnassa 16.5.1933.

Former leader of the Finns Party and Speaker of Parliament Jussi Halla-Aho has called the state church Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Church a "Dhimmi-church" for being "too soft" on immigrants. Archbishop Tapio Luoma of the church has expressed his concern over the rise of Christian nationalism.Kristillisestä valtiosta kulttuuriseen kristillisyyteen : Kristillinen nationalismi 2020-luvun Suomessa Koiranen, Ilkka; Äystö, Tuomas; Kyyrö, Jere; Ahonen, Talvikki; Hjelm, Titus Kuivala, Petra; Sevillano, Annaleena 2023 http://hdl.handle.net/10138/571232 Koiranen, I, Äystö, T, Kyyrö, J, Ahonen, T & Hjelm, T 2023, Kristillisestä valtiosta kulttuuriseen kristillisyyteen : Kristillinen nationalismi 2020-luvun Suomessa. in P Kuivala & A Sevillano (eds), Kristinusko ja nationalismi : Kristendom och nationalism. Suomen kirkkohistoriallisen seuran vuosikirja, no. 113, Suomen kirkkohistoriallinen seura, Helsinki, pp. 96-129 Many Finnish traditionalist Lutherans are members of the Mission Diocese, as they consider the state church too secular and liberal.