The or simply Toden, is the tram network of Tokyo, Japan. Of all its former routes, only one, the Tokyo Sakura Tram, remains in service. The Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation operates the Toden. The formal legal name is . Its nickname, "Toden," distinguished it from the "Kokuden" (the Japanese National Railways electrified lines).
The network had a track gauge of , except for the former Seibu Railway lines which were . Today, the Toden has 30 stops, running from Minowabashi Station to Waseda Station.__TOC__
History
At its peak, the Toden system boasted 41 routes with of track. However, the increase in reliance on automobile traffic resulted in reductions in ridership, and from 1967 to 1972, of track were abandoned as the Bureau changed its emphasis to bus and subway modes of transportation.
1882: The Tokyo Horse-drawn Railway (東京馬車鉄道) opened Japan's first horse-drawn tram system. Founded in 1880, the first route opened in June 1882 between Shimbashi and Nihonbashi. By October 1882, it formed a circular route connecting Nihonbashi, Ueno, and Asakusa. 1903: The Tokyo Horse-drawn Railway changed its motive power to electricity and, under the name Tokyo Electric Railway (or Tōden, 東電) commenced operations between and . 1903: The Tokyo Urban Railway (or Gaitetsu, 街鉄) began operations between Sukiyabashi (in Ginza) and Kandabashi. 1904: The Tokyo Electric Railway (Sotobori Line) connecting Shimbashi Station and Ochanomizu opened. 1905: The three companies published the "Tokyo Geography Education Streetcar Song" to promote knowledge of the geography of Tokyo. 1906: The three companies merged to form the Tokyo Railways. 1911: Tokyo City purchased the Tokyo Railways, established its Electric Bureau, and inaugurated the Tokyo City Streetcar (東京市電) system. 1911–1922: The streetcar network expands, with various new companies and lines serving areas in the city and to the west. 1933: The route from Shinagawa Station to North Shinagawa Station is abandoned. 1933–1943: New companies, mergers, and realignments alter the network. 1943: Tokyo City is abolished and the larger Tokyo Prefecture assumes its administrative functions. The Tokyo City Streetcar bureau becomes the Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation. 1944: Service is stopped on nine segments. 1945–1951: During the Occupation of Japan, the network evolved slowly. 1952: The segment of the Imai Line between Higashi-arakawa and Imaibashi Stations was replaced with trolley buses. 1953, 1961: Two segments (one in Shinjuku and the other connecting Shimbashi Station and Shiodome) stop operating. 1963: In preparation for the Tokyo Olympics, two segments (Kita-Aoyama Itchome – Miyakezaka and – ) cease operations. The Suginami Line ( – ) closes because it duplicates a line of the Eidan Subway. 1967–1972: A plan for financial restructuring is put into effect in seven stages, resulting in the closure of most of the network. 1974: A plan for abandoning the remaining track is cancelled. The remaining routes are consolidated into a single line, named the Arakawa Line. 1978: One-man operation begins. 1990: The 8500 Series rolling stock is introduced. It is the first new design in 28 years. 2000: A new station, , opens between two existing stations. 2007: 9000 Series rolling stock was scheduled for introduction.
Lines NameJapaneseTerminiLengthNumber of stationsArakawa Line都電荒川線WasedaMinowabashi12.2 km (7.6 mi)30
Former lines
This is the list of former lines, listed according to their official names. Corresponding routes are those of 1962. The first section of the lines opened in the listed opening years, while the last section of the lines closed in the listed closing years.
Line Route(s) Termini Opened Closed Notes Tōkyō Electric Railway (Tōden) lines Azumabashi Line Ueno-Ekimae – Honjo-Azumabashi 1904 1972 Hondōri Line Shimbashi – Sudachō 1903 1971 Kanasugi Line Mita – Shimbashi 1903 1969 Kuramae Line Kaminarimon – Asakusabashi 1904 1971 Muromachi Line Asakusabashi – Marunouchi-Itchōme 1904 1971 Shinagawa Line Kita-Shinagawa – Mita 1903 1967 Keihin Electric Railway trains (the present Keihin Electric Express Railway) operated over the – section Ueno Line Sudachō – Ueno-Ekimae 1903 1972 Tōkyō Urban Railway lines Aoyama Line Miyakezaka – Shibuya-Ekimae c. 1904 1968 Bammachi Line Hanzōmon – Kudanshita c. 1905 1963 Chiyodabashi Line Ōtemachi – Eitaibashi c. 1904 1972 Edogawa Line Kudanshita – Waseda c. 1905 1968 Hamachō Line Ningyōchō – Ryōgoku c. 1904 1944 Hanzōmon Line Hibiya-Kōen – Hanzōmon 1903 1968 Hongō Line Circa Sudachō – Hakusan-ue 1904 1971 Hōraibashi Line Miharabashi – Hōraibashi c. 1904 c. 1909 Ichigaya Line c. 1905 1970 Kandabashi Line Hibiya-Kōen – Ogawamachi 1903 1968 Kiridōshi Line Bunkyō-Kuyakusho-mae – Ueno-Hirokōji c. 1904 1971 Kōtōbashi Line Ryōgoku-Nichōme – Kinshibori c. 1905 1972 Kudan Line Ogawamachi – Kudanshita c. 1904 1970 Mita Line Mita – Hibiya-Kōen c. 1904 1968 Narihira Line Midorichō-Itchōme – FukujimbashiNarihirabashi – Asakusa-Ekimae (the present Tōbu Narihirabashi Station.) c. 1905 1972 Ryōgokubashi Line Ogawamachi – Ryōgoku-Nichōme 1903 1972 Shinjuku Line Hanzōmon – Shinjuku-Ekimae 1903 1970 Suzaki Line Eitaibashi – Tōyō-Kōen-maeFukushimabashi (Eitai-Nichōme) – Kamezumichō (Fukagawa-Itchōme) c. 1904 1972 Toranomon Line Sakuradamon – KamiyachōToranomon – Reinanzaka c. 1905 1968 Tsukiji Line Hibiya-Kōen – Kayabachō ( – Ningyōchō) 1903 1971 Umayabashi Line Ueno-Hirokōji – Honjo-Itchōme c. 1905 1971 Tōkyō Electric Railway (Sotobori Line) lines Dobashi Line Shin-Tokiwabashi – Shimbashi-eki-Kitaguchi c. 1904 1968 Hiroo Line Aoyama-Itchōme – Tengenjibashi c. 1905 1969 Hōraibashi Line Miharabashi – Toranomon c. 1905 1967 Nishikichō Line Ochanomizu – Shin-Tokiwabashi c. 1904 1944 Ochanomizu Line Iidabashi – Akihabara-eki-Higashiguchi c. 1905 1971 Shinanomachi Line Yotsuya-Sanchōme – Kita-Aoyama-Itchōme c. 1905 1969 Tameike Line Toranomon – Yotsuya-Mitsuke c. 1905 1967 Ushigome Line Yotsuya-Mitsuke – Iidabashi c. 1905 1970 Tōkyō Railways lines Furukawa Line Tengenjibashi – Kanasugibashi c. 1910 1969 tracks were in a center median near Ichinohashi Hakusan Line Bunkyō-Kuyakusho-mae – Hakusan-ue c. 1910 1968 Izumibashi Line Doshūbashi – Ueno-Ekimae c. 1910 1970 tracks were in a center median on Shōwa Street near Ueno Station Minowa Line c. 1910 1969 Ōtsuka Line Denzūin-mae – Ōtsuka-Ekimae c. 1910 1971 Senju Line Komagata-Nichōme – Minami-Senju c. 1910 1971 Sugamo Line Hakusan-ue – Sugamo-Shako-mae c. 1910 1968 Suidōbashi Line Shin-Tokiwabashi – Bunkyō-Kuyakusho-mae c. 1910 1968 Takahashi Line Monzen-Nakachō – Midorichō-Itchōme c. 1910 1972 Tomisaka Line Ōmagari – Bunkyō-Kuyakusho-mae c. 1910 1971 Ōji Electric Tramway lines Akabane Line Ōji-Ekimae – Akabane 1926 1972 Arakawa Line Kumanomae – Ōji-Ekimae 1913 still open present Arakawa Line Mikawashima Line Minowabashi – Kumanomae 1913 still open present Arakawa Line Takinogawa Line Ōji-Ekimae – Ōtsuka-Ekimae 1911 still open present Arakawa Line Waseda Line Ōtsuka-Ekimae – Waseda 1925 still open present Arakawa Line Jōtō Electric Tramway lines Ichinoe Line Higashi-Arakawa – Imaibashi 1925 1952 commonly called Imai Line; an isolated line with no connection stations to other lines in the network Komatsugawa Line Kinshibori – Nishi-Arakawa 1917 1972 tracks were in a center median on Keiyō Road near Kameido Station Sunamachi Line Suijimmori – Suzaki 1921 1972 Tamagawa Electric Railway lines Naka-Meguro Line Shibuyabashi – Naka-Meguro 1927 1967 Tengenjibashi Line Shibuya-Ekimae – Tengenjibashi 1921 1969 the former Seibu Railway lines Kōenji Line Shinjuku-Ekimae – Kōenji-Itchōme 1921 1963 commonly called Suginami Line Ogikubo Line Kōenji-Itchōme – Ogikubo-Ekimae 1921 1963 commonly called Suginami Line Other Asukayama Line Komagome-Ekimae – Asukayama c. 1920 1971 Awajimachi Line Awajimachi – Soto-Kanda-Sanchōme c. 1920 1967 Dōzaka Line Ueno-Kōen – Sengoku-Itchōme late 1910s 1971 private right-of-way between Ueno-Kōen-mae and Nezu-Itchōme, beside Shinobazu Pond Ebisu Line Tengenjibashi – Ebisu-Chōjamaru 1913 1944 also called Toyosawa Line or Tengenji Line Fudanotsuji Line Iikura-Itchōme – Fudanotsuji c. 1912 1967 Gokokuji Line Sengoku-Itchōme – Gokokuji-mae c. 1920 1971 Gotanda Line Seishōkō-mae – Gotanda-Ekimae late 1920s 1967 Hatchōbori Line Baba-Sakimon – Eitaibashi c. 1920 1967 Ikebukuro Line Gokokuji-mae – Ikebukuro-Ekimae early 1930s 1969 Isarago Line Furukawabashi – Sengakuji c. 1912 1969 Ishiwara Line Ishiwarachō-Itchōme – Kinshichō-Ekimae (Kitaguchi)Taiheichō-Sanchōme – Kameido-Tenjimbashi late 1920s 1971 Itabashi Line Sugamo-Shako-mae – Itabashi-Ekimae late 1920s 1966 sometimes included with the Shimura Line Kachidokibashi Line Tsukiji-Tsukishima 1947 1968 Kasaibashi Line Sakaigawa – Kasaibashi early 1940s 1972 Kasumichō Line Tameike – Minami-Aoyama-Gochōme late 1910s 1967 Kita-Senju Line Senju-Ōhashi – Senju-Yonchōme late 1920s 1968 Komagome Line Mukōgaoka-Nichōme – Komagome-Ekimae late 1910s 1971 Marunouchi Line Marunouchi-Itchōme – Tochō-mae c. 1920 1969 Meguro Line Gyoranzaka-shita – Meguro-Ekimae c. 1912 1967 Mukōjima Line Honjo-Azumabashi – Higashi-Mukōjima-Nichōme late 1920s 1969 Otowa Line Gokokuji-mae – Yaraishita late 1920s 1971 Roppongi Line Hamamatsuchō-Itchōme – Kita-Aoyama-Itchōme 1912 1969 Ryōgoku-eki Leading Line Ryōgoku-Nichōme – Ryōgoku-Ekimae 1923 1968 Sarue Line Kinshichō-Ekimae (Minamiguchi) – Tōyō-Kōen-mae late 1920s 1972 Senzoku Line Kuramae-Itchōme – Minowa-Shako-mae c. 1920 1969 Shibaura Line Tōkyō-Kōguchi – Shibaura-Nichōme 1910 1969 passenger service started in the 1920s Shimura Line Itabashi-Ekimae – Shimurabashi early 1940s 1966 Shin-Ōhashi Line Kayabachō – Sumiyoshichō-Nichōme c. 1912 1971 Totsuka Line Takadanobaba-Ekimae – Omokagebashi ? 1968 opening year unknown Tsukishima Line Monzen-Nakachō – Tsukishima c. 1920 1972 Tsunohazu Line Iidabashi – Yotsuya-Sankōchō c. 1912 1970
Routes As of 1962, there were 41 routes in operation; the maximum for the system: